A Mathematical Model of Lysosomal Ion Homeostasis Points to Differential Effects of Cl− Transport in Ca2+ Dynamics
by
Rosario Astaburuaga 1,2
, Orlando Daniel Quintanar Haro 1,3, Tobias Stauber 3,4,*,† and Angela Relógio 1,2,*,†
Rosario Astaburuaga 1,2, Orlando Daniel Quintanar Haro 1,3, Tobias Stauber 3,4,*,† and Angela Relógio 1,2,*,†
1
Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of the Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany
2
Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Molekulares Krebsforschungzentrum (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of the Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany
3
Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany
4
Department of Human Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to the work.
Cells 2019, 8(10), 1263; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8101263
Received: 1 September 2019 / Revised: 11 October 2019 / Accepted: 13 October 2019 / Published: 16 October 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dysregulation of Calcium Signalling in Disease)
The establishment and maintenance of ion gradients between the interior of lysosomes and the cytosol are crucial for numerous cellular and organismal functions. Numerous ion transport proteins ensure the required variation in luminal concentrations of the different ions along the endocytic pathway to fit the needs of the organelles. Failures in keeping proper ion homeostasis have pathological consequences. Accordingly, several human diseases are caused by the dysfunction of ion transporters. These include osteopetrosis, caused by the dysfunction of Cl−/H+ exchange by the lysosomal transporter ClC-7. To better understand how chloride transport affects lysosomal ion homeostasis and how its disruption impinges on lysosomal function, we developed a mathematical model of lysosomal ion homeostasis including Ca2+ dynamics. The model recapitulates known biophysical properties of ClC-7 and enables the investigation of its differential activation kinetics on lysosomal ion homeostasis. We show that normal functioning of ClC-7 supports the acidification process, is associated with increased luminal concentrations of sodium, potassium, and chloride, and leads to a higher Ca2+ uptake and release. Our model highlights the role of ClC-7 in lysosomal acidification and shows the existence of differential Ca2+ dynamics upon perturbations of Cl−/H+ exchange and its activation kinetics, with possible pathological consequences.
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Keywords:
mathematical modelling; lysosomal homeostasis; slowly voltage-gated chloride transport; lysosomal Ca2+ dynamics
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MDPI and ACS Style
Astaburuaga, R.; Quintanar Haro, O.D.; Stauber, T.; Relógio, A. A Mathematical Model of Lysosomal Ion Homeostasis Points to Differential Effects of Cl− Transport in Ca2+ Dynamics. Cells 2019, 8, 1263.
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