Although the importance of risk management and failure management has been emphasized in many organizations for sustainable development, most of the related studies have dealt with manufacturing or service processes, rather than R&D processes. Si...
The UML model of a land and building cadastre is defined in current Polish legal regulations. Its main part is the UML application schema that defines relationships between the main cadastral objects in sixteen diagrams. These objects—cadastral...
This paper presents a model-based approach for reconstructing 3D polyhedral building models from aerial images. The proposed approach exploits some geometric and photometric properties resulting from the perspective projection of planar structures. D...
This review focuses on advancements in polymer science as it relates to three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) printing technologies, with a specific emphasis on applications in the biomedical field. While acknowledging the breadth of 3D an...
A 3D model communicates more effectively than a 2D model, hence the applications of 3D city models are rapidly gaining significance in urban studies. However, presently, there is a dearth of free of cost, high-resolution 3D city models available for...
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents significant challenges in oncology due to its complex biology and poor prognosis. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models cannot replicate the intricate tumor microenvironment, limit...
The importance of landscape and heritage recording and documentation with optical remote sensing sensors is well recognized at international level. The continuous development of new sensors, data capture methodologies and multi-resolution 3D represen...
Training images are important input parameters for multipoint geostatistical modeling, and training images that can portray 3D spatial correlations are required to construct 3D models. The 3D training images are usually obtained by unconditional simu...
This work addresses the problem of automatic head pose estimation and its application in 3D gaze estimation using low quality RGB-D sensors without any subject cooperation or manual intervention. The previous works on 3D head pose estimation using RG...
Background: The advance in imaging techniques is useful for 3D models and printing leading to a real revolution in many surgical specialties, in particular, neurosurgery. Methods: We report on a clinical study on the use of 3D printed models to perfo...
Pharmacophore modeling is a widely used strategy for finding new hit molecules. Since not all protein targets have available 3D structures, ligand-based approaches are still useful. Currently, there are just a few free ligand-based pharmacophore mode...
As comparative data on the precision of 3D-printed anatomical models are sparse, the aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of 3D-printed models of vascular anatomy generated by two commonly used printing technologies. Thirty-five 3D models o...
2.5D map is a convenient and efficient approach to exploiting a massive three-dimensional (3D) city model in web GIS. With the rapid development of oblique airborne photogrammetry and photo-based 3D reconstruction, 3D city models are becoming more an...
This paper proposes a novel rigorous transformation model for 2D-3D registration to address the difficult problem of obtaining a sufficient number of well-distributed ground control points (GCPs) in urban areas with tall buildings. The proposed model...
Cancer is intrinsically complex, comprising both heterogeneous cellular composition and extracellular matrix. In vitro cancer research models have been widely used in the past to model and study cancer. Although two-dimensional (2D) cell culture mode...
In this paper, we focus on the problem of the accuracy performance of 3D face modeling techniques using corresponding features in multiple views, which is quite sensitive to feature extraction errors. To solve the problem, we adopt a statistical mode...
Food 3D printing is a computer-aided additive manufacturing technology that can transform foods into intricate customized forms. In the past decade, this field has phenomenally advanced and one pressing need is the development of strategies to suppor...
In this paper, we investigate wave attenuation caused by mangroves as a porous media. A 1-D mathematical model is derived by modifying the shallow water equations (SWEs). Two approaches are used to involve the existing of mangrove: friction term and...
3D models derived from point clouds are useful in various shapes to optimize the trade-off between precision and geometric complexity. They are defined at different granularity levels according to each indoor situation. In this article, we present an...
3D city models have become common geospatial data assets for cities that can be utilized in numerous fields, in tasks related to planning, visualization, and decision-making among others. We present a study of 3D city modeling focusing on the six lar...
The discrepancies between the findings in preclinical studies, and in vivo testing and clinical trials have resulted in the gradual decline in drug approval rates over the past decades. Conventional in vitro drug screening platforms employ two-dimens...
Remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) data is increasingly used in urban stormwater modeling. The undirected use of such data may waste economic and human resources. In order to provide guidance for practitioners to efficiently...
We pose the following research question, “what are (i) the minimum required computation grid and (ii) the required form of hydrodynamic equations, i.e., shallow water equations (SWE) or diffusion wave equations (DWE), in 2D modeling to minimize...
Recent technological developments help us to acquire high quality 3D measurements of our urban environment. However, these measurements, which come as point clouds or Digital Surface Models (DSM), do not directly give 3D geometrical models of buildin...
As 3D printing technology expands rapidly in medical disciplines, the accuracy evaluation of 3D-printed medical models is required. However, no established guidelines to assess the dimensional error of anatomical models exist. This study aims to eval...
When constructing a three-dimensional model of a transformer substation, it is critical to quickly find the 3D CAD model corresponding to the current point cloud data from a large number of transformer substation model libraries (due to the complexit...
Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cloud-resolving model (CRM) results from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Kwajalein Experiment (KWAJEX) were applied to analyze the diurnal cycle of cloud development in the tropics. Cloud develo...
This dataset contains files and geometrical analysis of 3D model data, acquired from the thingiverse online repository. More than thirty thousand stereolithography files (STL) were retrieved and analysed. The geometrical analysis of the respective mo...
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent B cell lymphoproliferative disorder of transformed follicular center B cells, which accounts for 20–30 percent of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cases. Great advances have been made to identify the most relevan...
A three-dimensional (3D) skeletonization algorithm extracts the skeleton of a 3D model and provides it for many applications, such as 3D model classification and identification. There are three major skeletonization methodologies used in the literatu...
Intercropping is a common cultivation system in sustainable agriculture, allowing crop diversity and better soil surface exploitation. Simulation of intercropped plants with integrated soil–plant–atmosphere models is a challenging procedu...
Dietary flavones 6,3´,4´-trihydroxyflavone (6,3´,4´-HOFL) and 7,3´,4´-trihydroxyflavone (7,3´,4´-HOFL) showed preliminary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in a two-dimensional (2D) cell cult...
This paper presents methods for 3D modeling of railway environments from airborne laser scanning (ALS) and mobile laser scanning (MLS). Conventionally, aerial data such as ALS and aerial images were utilized for 3D model reconstruction. However, 3D m...
Failure in 3D-printed composite parts is complex due to anisotropic properties, which are mainly governed by printing parameters, printing strategy, and materials. Understanding the failure behaviour of materials is crucial for the design calculation...
The automated 3D modeling of indoor spaces is a rapidly advancing field, in which recent developments have made the modeling process more accessible to consumers by lowering the cost of instruments and offering a highly automated service for 3D model...
Many of today’s data models for 3D applications, such as City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) or Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) encode rich semantic information in addition to the traditional geometry and materials representation. Howeve...
With the rapid development of three-dimensional (3D) technology and an increase in the number of available models, issues with copyright protection of 3D models are inevitable. In this paper, we propose a 2D-view depth image- and convolutional neural...
The implementation of digital tools into science education is a major demand of various stakeholders, such as teachers, schools and ministries of education. However, teaching innovations and the introduction of new competences need to be carefully te...
Water level modeling is a critical component of flood warning systems. A high-quality forecast requires the development of a hydraulic model that reliably accounts for the main sources of uncertainty. In this paper, a 1D hydraulic model with adaptive...
The ability to create three-dimensional (3D) models of brain tissue from patient-derived cells, would open new possibilities in studying the neuropathology of disorders such as epilepsy and schizophrenia. While organoid culture has provided impressiv...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains highly lethal due to late diagnosis, high malignancy, and profound resistance to therapy. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures fail to recapitulate the complex tumor microenvironment (TME), es...
Background/Objectives: Advanced 3D cell culture techniques enhance the physiological relevance of in vitro models, while supporting the 3Rs principles (Reduction, Refinement, and Replacement) of animal experimentation. In this context, 3D collagen-ba...
Three-dimensional reconstruction programs are essential tools for understanding the behavior of asphalt mixtures. On the basis of accurate 3D models, it is convenient to identify the complex relationship between spatial structures and physical proper...
The importance of 3D printing is primarily that it enables customized production and, through Industry 4.0 technology, enables decentralized production. The article deals with the issue of 3D modelling and 3D printing of plastic respirators in the la...
In the middle and late stages of gas field development, the establishment of a fine reservoir lithological model is an important basis for drilling well pattern adjustment and potential exploitation. The SU 36-11 area of the Ordos basin in China is d...
Despite being standard tools in research, the application of cellular and animal models in drug development is hindered by several limitations, such as limited translational significance, animal ethics, and inter-species physiological differences. In...
In this study, a thermal energy storage tank filled with commercial phase change material flat slabs is investigated. The tank provides heat at around 15 °C to the evaporator of a seasonal thermal energy storage system developed under the EU-funded p...
At present, traditional 3D modeling programs consist of a set of tools that reflect conventional means of mechanical manufacturing and have limitations in relation with the current manufacturing capacities. On the other hand, organic and morphing 3D...
Scoliosis is a deformity of the spine that causes disorders of the rib cage. This makes it difficult to design clothes for affected people without following the shape of the rib cage. This paper presents a new 3D clothing design method based on virtu...
Lack of cost information is a barrier to acceptance of 3D woven preforms as reinforcements for composite materials, compared with 2D preforms. A parametric, resource-based technical cost model (TCM) was developed for 3D woven preforms based on a nove...
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