We consider the influence of vapor content in the mixed flow leaving a liquid-vapor ejector on the energy efficiency of a vacuum unit. As shown by numerical studies of liquid-vapor ejectors, this issue is important as vapor overproduction, which acco...
The best water vapor information layer (BWIL), based on Himawari-8 water vapor bands over a typical region of East Asia, is investigated with the U.S. standard atmospheric profile and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis-int...
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are regarded as key foundational materials for next-generation optoelectronic devices. As a promising new type of 2D layered semiconductor, Bi2O2Se has emerged as a strong candidate for high-performance opto-electronic...
We revised the calibration of a water vapor Raman lidar by co-located radiosoundings for a site in the high European Arctic. For this purpose, we defined robust criteria for a valid calibration. One of these criteria is the logarithm of the water vap...
The vaporization enthalpy, and vapor pressure as a function of temperature of N-ethylamphetamine, a substance used in the 1950s as an appetite suppressant and more currently abused as a designer drug, is reported. Its physical properties are compared...
A novel microstrip resonant vapor sensor made from a conductive multiwalled carbon nanotubes/ethylene-octene copolymer composite, of which its sensing properties were distinctively altered by vapor polarity, was developed for the detection of organic...
Tools to predict vapor–liquid phase equilibria are indispensable for the conceptualization and design of separation processes. Modified separation of cohesive energy density (MOSCED) is a solubility-parameter-based method parameterized to make...
Nanomaterial-based humidity sensors hold great promise for water vapor detection because of their high sensitivity and fast response/recovery. However, the condensation of water in nanomaterial films remains unclear from a physicochemical perspective...
Vaporization enthalpies and vapor pressures of 5α-androstane and 5α-cholestane are reported using correlation gas chromatography (CGC). The results for 5α-cholestane are compared to both estimated and experimental values reported pr...
We examined the possibility of detecting water vapor by chemiluminescence using the reaction of popular “chemical light” (bis(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl-6-carbopentoxyphenyl)oxalate with H2O2). H2O2 is released from sodium percarbonate exposed...
This paper reports the vapor pressure and enthalpy of vaporization for a promising phase change material (PCM) guanidinium methanesulfonate ([Gdm][OMs]), which is a typical guanidinium organomonosulfonate that displays a lamellar crystalline architec...
The study of topological invariants of phase diagrams allows for the development of a qualitative theory of the processes being researched. Studies of the properties of objects in the same equivalence class may be carried out with the aim of predicti...
The nucleation and condensation of Magnesium (Mg) vapor carried by argon gas (Ar) were examined. The condensation of Mg vapor at a heat source temperature of 1273–1473 K and Ar flow rate of 0.1–0.4 m3/h was analyzed. The result indicated...
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) layers show excellent optical and electrical properties and have many potential applications. However, the growth of high-quality MoS2 layers is a major bottleneck in the development of MoS2-based devices. In this paper, w...
Fuel vapor concentration is a key parameter for assessing the flammability of aircraft fuel tanks. However, the current research on RP-3 (Rocket Propellant-3) fuel vapor concentration is inadequate. This study categorizes fuel components by the numbe...
The ability to predict the vapor pressure and vapor-phase composition of hydrocarbon mixtures (such as jet fuel, sustainable aviation fuel or its un-refined precursors) and partially vaporized hydrocarbon mixtures is important to simulations of proce...
Tri-layer Si/mullite/Yb2SiO5 environmental barrier coating (EBC) was prepared on the SiCf/SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD). The EBC samples were carried out with water vapor corrosion at 1300 °...
The vapor pressure values of common elements are available in the literature over a limited temperature range and the accuracy and reliability of the reported data are not generally available. We evaluate the reliability and uncertainty of the availa...
The increasing power density of high-performance electronic devices poses significant thermal management challenges. Vapor chambers (VCs) offer efficient heat dissipation, but traditional manufacturing methods limit their structural precision and per...
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This paper presents a quantitative method for the risk-based evaluation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) in vapor intrusion investigations. Vapors from petroleum fuels are characterized by a complex mixture of aliphatic and, to a lesser extent,...
Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), extensive and comprehensive research has been conducted in many areas of materials science. Due to their structural and chemical properties, they can be an important part of electronic devices and struc...
This study presents comparisons between vertical water vapor profile measurements from a Raman lidar and a new pre-production broadband differential absorption lidar (DIAL). Vaisala’s novel DIAL system operates autonomously outdoors and measure...
One of the main challenges of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) tomography is in solving ill-conditioned system equations. Vertical constraint models are typically used in the solution procedure and play an important role in the quality of th...
Photonic nanoarchitectures in the wing scales of butterflies and moths are capable of fast and chemically selective vapor sensing due to changing color when volatile vapors are introduced to the surrounding atmosphere. This process is based on the ca...
This paper investigates the influence of tropical cyclones on water vapor concentrations in the upper atmosphere above these storms. We use independent data sets of tropical storm intensity, water vapor and lightning activity to investigate this rela...
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is attracting increasing attention as an alternative fuel in the maritime sector, as it can reduce harmful emissions for compliance with stricter environmental regulations. Owing to this environmental advantage, the number...
Hexanol is a volatile alcohol and a major component of plant essential oils (EOs). However, the antibacterial activity of hexanol vapor has not been well studied. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of hexanol. In this study, seve...
Photonic nanoarchitectures occurring in the scales of Blue butterflies are responsible for their vivid blue wing coloration. These nanoarchitectures are quasi-ordered nanocomposites which are constituted from a chitin matrix with embedded air holes....
As optoelectronic products continue to advance rapidly, the need for effective heat dissipation has become increasingly crucial due to the emphasis on miniaturization and high integration. The vapor chamber is widely used for cooling electronic syste...
Vapor explosions have been investigated both theoretically and experimentally for several decades, focusing either on the vapor film, or on mechanical aspects. Where the main interest for industry lies in the safety risks of such an event, fundamenta...
Water vapor is an important driving factor in the related weather processes in the troposphere, and its temporal-spatial distribution and change are crucial to the formation of cloud and rainfall. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) water vapor...
A simple optical vapor sensor based on conventional Scotch adhesive tape, for analyzing ethanol–methanol mixtures, is proposed and demonstrated. The sensing signal relies on the variation of optical power transmitted through the tape, resulting...
Atmospheric water vapor is one of the important parameters for weather and climate studies. Generally, atmospheric water vapor can be monitored by some techniques, such as the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), radiosonde (RS), remote sensing...
The delay of GNSS signals in the neutral atmosphere allow the determination of atmospheric water vapor. The conversion factor of the delay in the water vapor uses the water vapor-weighted mean temperature, Tm, which is a crucial parameter to improve...
Atmospheric water vapor is not only a key element of the global hydrological cycle but also the most abundant greenhouse gas. The phase transition and transportation of water vapor are essential for maintaining global energy balance and regulating hy...
Accurate representation of Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) in numerical models is critical over the meteorologically complex Korean Peninsula, yet validation remains a challenge. This study presents a unique airborne validation of hourly PWV from two...
Vapor chambers (VCs) are efficient heat spreaders that rely on wicks to realize the circulation of a phase-changing working liquid and can be used to address heat dissipation problems in electronic devices, aerospace, and satellite equipment. In this...
InxGa1−xN nanowires (NWs) have drawn great attentions for their applications in optoelectronic and energy conversion devices. Compared to conventional substrates, metal substrates can offer InxGa1−xN NW devices with better thermal conduct...
Alkali vapor cells are the core components of atomic sensing instruments such as atomic gyroscopes, atomic magnetometers, atomic clocks, etc. Emerging integrated atomic sensing devices require high-performance miniaturized alkali vapor cells, especia...
The study and development of miniature refrigeration and climate conditioning systems based on vapor compression for small-scale applications have received wide interest in recent years due to their advantages compared with other available technologi...
This study evaluates the capability of an unconstrained tomographic algorithm to capture 3D water vapor density variability throughout 2017 in Houston, U.S. The algorithm relies solely on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations and doe...
Aluminum-based amorphous alloys exhibited an abnormally high vapor pressure at their approximate glass transition temperatures. The vapor pressure was confirmed by the formation of Al nanocrystallites from condensation, which was attributed to wei...
Global warming has become indisputable in recent years; however, the mechanisms by which water vapor, radiation, and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide contribute to driving global warming remain unclear, and it is becoming increasingly importan...
Organophosphorus polyurethane ionomers (AEPA-PU) based on aminoethers of ortho-phosphoric acid (AEPA) were obtained and studied as pervaporation membrane materials for separating isopropanol/water mixtures. The regularities of the change in the water...
Coatings of zirconium compounds are used in a wide variety of fields, yet an understanding and descriptions of deposition mechanisms are scant in the public literature. The mechanisms of deposition for metallic zirconium, ZrC, ZrN, ZrO2, ZrB2, and zi...
Changes in the surface fluxes cause changes in the annular flow field over a region, and they affect the transport of water vapor. To study the influence of the changes in the surface flux on the water vapor transport in the upper layer in the canyon...
The processes of the sublimation and thermal decomposition of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid (EMImPF6) were studied by a complex approach including Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry, IR and NMR spectroscopy, and qua...
Compositional control in III–V ternary nanowires grown by the vapor–liquid–solid method is essential for bandgap engineering and the design of functional nanowire nano-heterostructures. Herein, we present rather general theoretical...
The main idea of membrane distillation is to use a porous hydrophobic membrane as a barrier that isolates vapor from aqueous solutions. It is similar to the evaporation process from a free water surface but introduces solid–liquid interfaces an...
Using the ERA5 reanalysis dataset during the period 1979–2019, the diurnal variation in summer water vapor budget (Bt) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is investigated in this study. It is found that the TP Bt shows a distinct diurnal cycle. It te...
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