A design of experiments approach was used to describe process parameter—spray pattern relationships in the Twin Wire Arc process using zinc feed stock in a TAFA 8835 (Praxair, Concord, NH, USA) spray torch. Specifically, the effects of arc current, p...
Soybean–maize intercropping involves the simultaneous planting of maize and soybean. Compound planting sprayers are equipped with a dual-spraying system, particularly for herbicide application, where isolation between crops is essential. To iso...
The electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) is a method of coating thin films based on electrostatic atomization. This paper proposes a method of quantifying the transport of droplets using images of spray patterns measured by the vision system during t...
In pneumatic atomizers, the shaping air holes play an important role in the spraying system. The pressure and intersection of shaping air holes are the two most important parameters in engineering. In this paper, the Euler–Lagrangian method is...
An integrated spray-coated bi-layer lift-off process using the same positive photoresist is investigated for thick Ti patterning on structured MEMS wafers. Compared with conventional spin coating, spray coating provides more conformal photoresist cov...
To investigate the spray cooling characteristics and the impact of spray parameters such as chamber pressure, spray height, and spray tilt angle on heat transfer efficiency, a mathematical model based on the Eulerian–Lagrangian frame was establ...
The electrostatic rotary bell (ESRB) sprayer is widely used in the coating industry due to its ability to achieve uniform film thickness and reasonable paint transfer efficiency. However the efficiency of paint transfer and spraying coverage in ESRB...
This study proposed a dynamic optimization method for spray gun flow to address the issue of uneven film thickness in the acceleration and deceleration section of the z-shaped spray trajectory in large plane ship segments. The method takes into accou...
In this study, the authors carried out a multiparametric assessment of the influence of swirl patterns during aerosol flow on the shape of the interfacial area that forms the cone based on data obtained from experimental measurements using the PIV an...
Taking arc-shaped bent pipes as the subject of study, a three-dimensional dynamic spraying numerical model based on Euler–Euler approach and a wall film formation model was developed through numerical simulation and experimental validation. The...
Treating severe dermal disruptions often presents significant challenges. Recent advancements have explored biological cell sprays as a promising treatment, but their success hinges on efficient cell delivery and complete wound coverage. This require...
In this study, hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings were deposited on Ti-6Al-4V by micro-plasma spraying (MPS). The influence of the process parameters on the microstructure of HA coatings was investigated. The splat morphology and spreading behavior were ex...
Achieving uniform agrochemical deposition in coffee is challenging because canopy structure, terrain, and wind conditions influence spray movement and retention. This study compared an unmanned aerial spray system (UASS), backpack sprayer, and tracto...
It has been hypothesized that simvastatin could be used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study is intended to formulate a simvastatin nanoparticle dry powder inhalation (DPI) formulation. Simvastatin nanoparticles were prepared vi...
Jinicuil seed starch (JSS) was partially characterized and then evaluated as wall material. JSS showed higher content of proteins, lipids, and resistant starch than commercial corn starch (CCS). JSS granules presented both oval-spherical shapes and h...
An air-assisted sprayer is a primary tool for pest and disease control in orchards. However, conventional systems often suffer from insufficient deposition at the canopy top and poor coverage on the abaxial leaf surfaces, which are highly susceptible...
Electrostatic rotary bell sprayers (ERBSs) are widely used in the automotive industry. In ERBS, atomization is facilitated using centrifugal forces which disintegrate the paint film inside the cup into droplets at the cup edge. The droplets are then...
The impact and solidification of multiple molten droplets on a cold substrate critically influence the quality and performance of thermally sprayed coatings. We present a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model that couples fluid-solid interactio...
Although various hypergolic propellants like MMH/N2O4 (monomethylhydrazine/dinitrogen tetroxide) are widely used in small rocket engines, there remains a lack of in-depth study conducted on their chemical reactions and spray combustion behaviors. To...
A new strategy is required to realize a low-cost stretchable electrode while realizing high stretchability, conductivity, and manufacturability. In this study, we fabricated a self-patterned stretchable electrode using a simple and scalable process....
Digital image correlation (DIC) is a widely used technique that makes it possible to obtain full field displacements, as well as 3D shapes, even at high speeds. However, it requires a pattern of random spots to be sprayed onto the surface, which woul...
Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were employed as the nanoreinforcement of a retrograded starch/pectin (RS/P) excipient to optimize its colon-specific properties. Although starch retrogradation ranged from 32 to 73%, CNF addition discretely disfavored the...
Wind turbines in cold and humid regions face significant icing challenges. Heating is considered an efficient strategy to prevent ice accretion over the turbine’s blade surface. An ice protection system is required to minimize freezing of the r...
Agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), increasingly integral to crop protection through spraying operations, are significantly influenced by their downwash fields, which in turn affect the distribution of spray droplets. The key parameters imp...
The high throughput and rapid flame-assisted spray pyrolysis method has been adapted to synthesize cathode materials LiNi0.apCo0.15Al0.035O2 (NCA). This method is considered low cost and simple. By varying the precursor solution concentration and sin...
To address uneven airflow distribution and pesticide deposition coverage in orchard pesticide application, we developed a double-flexible duct spraying device. Utilizing FLUENT 2022 software for airflow field simulation, we analyzed various structura...
In China, potatoes are predominantly cultivated using the tuber piece planting method. During the cutting process, it is essential to divide seed potatoes into tuber pieces based on the distribution of their bud eyes, ensuring that each tuber piece c...
In this paper, a 3D printing system for a thermal battery electrode ink film is set up and investigated based on the on-demand microdroplet ejection technology. The optimal structural dimensions of the spray chamber and metal membrane of the micronoz...
This study investigated the perceptions and practices of disinfectant use among students at the City University of New York (CUNY) before, during, and after the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on behaviors observed following a controversi...
The integration of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMSs) technologies for miniaturized biosensor fabrication enables unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution in monitoring the bioelectri...
Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are critical ecological components in arid lands. Their formation and stability hinge on the assembly and interactive networks of cyanobacteria-led bacterial communities. Yet, how different functional cyanobacteria shape...
The microstructure, mechanical performance, and tribological properties of SiC ceramic coatings prepared via atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method were compared to provide good anti-wear protection for carbon/ca...
The Falakra geosite is located at the northern shoreline of the island of Limnos, Greece, and exhibits an array of unusual geomorphological features developed in late Cenozoic sandstones. Deposition of the primary clastic sediments was overprinted by...
A collaborative painting robot that can be used as an alternative to workers has been developed using a digital twin framework and its performance was demonstrated experimentally. The digital twin of the automatic painting robot simulates the entire...
Bobbin friction stir welding (BFSW) is an innovative variant for the solid state welding process whereby a rotating symmetrical tool causes a fully penetrated bond. Despite the process development, there are still unknown variables in the characteriz...