This research investigates the influence of the pre-existing defects within concrete taken from the in-service irrigation structure on the strain distribution. The X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) technique is employed to investigate the internal concr...
Ion implantation is usually used for semiconductor doping and isolation, which creates defects in semiconductors. ZnO is a promising semiconductor and has a variety of applications, such as for use in transparent electronics, optoelectronics, chemica...
In many materials, impurities and imperfections play a critical role on the physical and chemical properties. In the present review, some examples of such materials are discussed. A bulk nanobubble (an ultrafine bubble) is stabilized against dissolut...
Molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the atomic effects of carbon (C) addition in Fe on the martensitic phase transformation in the presence of pre-existing defects such as stacking faults and twin boundaries. The pre-existing defec...
When serving in extremely high-power laser conditions, KH2PO4 (KDP) surfaces are susceptible to incur laser damage points (also known as defects). Using micro-ball end milling cutters to repair and remove the pre-existing damage points on the flawed...
In the present study, dynamic experiments are developed to investigate the induced damage modes when Lingulid sandstone is subjected to dynamic and impact loading. To do so, a series of spalling tests were carried out in order to investigate the mate...
A constitutive model able to describe both tensile damage and plastic deformation under confinement is a prerequisite to numerically simulate the behaviour of sandstone rock under an impact loading induced in a percussive drilling process. Therefore,...
The fatigue of engineered components involves more than the fatigue of metals as studied in laboratories. The miniscule laboratory test pieces cannot represent the pre-existing macroscopic crack defects in real engineering components. This brief stud...
Fracture within the rock is one of the main factors leading to rock destabilization and has a significant effect on the stability of the project. In this study, sandstone is used as a research target, specimens with crack inclination angles of 0°...
Folate supplementation in the periconceptual period is the standard of care for the prevention of neural tube defects. To support dietary folate intake, some countries have introduced mandatory folic acid fortification of food products. Robust eviden...
Time-dependent deformation in nuclear graphite is influenced by the creation and migration of radiation-induced defects in the reactor environment. This study investigates the role of pre-existing defects such as point defect clusters and Mrozowski c...
Zr/Nb nanoscale multilayers are regarded as one of the important candidate materials used in next-generation reactors. Understanding structural evolution induced by ion bombardment is crucial for the evaluation of lifetime performance. Magnetron sput...
Background: Surgical treatment for erosive pyogenic spondylodiscitis of the lumbar spine is challenging as, following debridement of the intervertebral and bony abscess, a large and irregular defect is created. Sufficient defect reconstruction with c...
The advanced development of synthetic lethality has opened the doors for specific anti-cancer medications of personalized medicine and efficient therapies against cancers. One of the most popular approaches being investigated is targeting DNA repair...
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been linked to congenital defects in fetuses and infants, as exemplified by the microcephaly epidemic in Brazil. Given the overlapping presence of Dengue virus (DENV) in the majority of ZIKV epidemic regions, advanced...
Individuals with pre-existing chronic systemic low-grade inflammation are prone to develop severe COVID-19 and stronger anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses. Whether this phenomenon reflects a differential expansion of antiviral B cells or a failure to...
8 July 2021
Study Design: case series. Objective: The restoration of defects in a single procedure with microvascular free flap reconstruction has become a mainstay of head and neck surgery. Yet in patients with complex defects and pre-existing comorbid medical...
The generation of rock mass disasters in underground engineering essentially arises from the disruption of the original three-dimensional stress equilibrium of the rock mass caused by excavation and other activities, leading to the redistribution of...
In the present work, in situ electrochemical nanoindentation was utilized to investigate the hydrogen effect on the nanomechanical properties of tensile pre-strained nickel alloy (0%, 5% and 20%). The study reveals that hydrogen-induced hardening occ...
Replication-defective adenoviruses are widely used as vectors for vaccines, but their efficacy may be compromised by the prevalence of pre-existing neutralizing antibodies from natural infections or prior vaccination with adenovirus-based vaccines. T...
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have drawn extensive attention due to their exceptional characteristics and potential uses in electronics and energy storage. This investigation employs simulations using molecular dynamics to examine the mechanical and...
Electroforming-free resistive switching random access memory (RRAM) devices employing magnesium fluoride (MgFx) as the resistive switching layer are reported. The electroforming-free MgFx based RRAM devices exhibit bipolar SET/RESET operational chara...
In this paper, the damage monitoring investigation based on the remote bonding fiber Bragg grating sensing is performed on the aerospace aluminum alloy thin-walled structure with prefabricated damage. Firstly, an ultrasonic excitation-fiber Bragg gra...
This paper investigates the threshold voltage shift (ΔVTH) induced by positive bias temperature instability (PBTI) in silicon carbide (SiC) power MOSFETs. By analyzing ΔVTH under various gate stress voltages (VGstress) at 150 °C, dist...
In additive manufacturing, such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM), identifying fabrication defects poses a significant challenge. Existing identification algorithms often struggle to meet the precision requirements for defect detection. To accurately...
12 December 2022
Pre-existing diabetes, hypertension and kidney disorders are prominent risk factors of pre-eclampsia (PE). It is a multifactorial pregnancy disorder associated with high blood pressure, proteinuria, and multiorgan failure, which develops after the 20...
In this work we present a combined experimental and ab initio simulation investigation concerning the Germanium Lone Pair Center (GLPC), its interaction with molecular oxygen (O2), and evolution under irradiation. First, O2 loading has been applied h...
Porosity defects are still a challenging issue in the fusion welding of molybdenum and its alloys due to the pre-existing interior defects associated with the powder metallurgy process. Fiber laser welding of end plug and cladding tube made of nanost...
Both silicon and graphite are radiation hard materials with respect to swift heavy ions like fission fragments and cosmic rays. Recrystallisation is considered to be the main mechanism of prompt damage anneal in these two materials, resulting in negl...
The creation of the natural ceiling rock of the coal seam is rife with fractures, holes, and other flaws. The angle of the defects has a significant influence on the mechanical characteristics and crack evolution of coal seam roof rock. Multi-scale n...
The 8-16-4 graphyne, a recently identified two-dimensional carbon allotrope, exhibits distinctive mechanical and electrical properties, making it a candidate material for flexible electronic applications. This study endeavors to enhance our comprehen...
Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax, primarily a disease of herbivorous animals, which can be accidentally transmitted to humans. Three cases of cutaneous human anthrax were recorded in August 2020 in Dolj county, Romania. These case...
Defect detection is still challenging to apply in reality because the goal of the entire classification assignment is to identify the exact type and location of every problem in an image. Since defect detection is a task that includes location and ca...
It is generally accepted that material inhomogeneity causes stress concentrations at the interface and thus reduces the overall strength of a composite. To overcome this reduction in strength, some groups experimented on coating the nanoinclusions wi...
In this research, we propose the use of infrared detection methods for identifying cracks in the tunnel lining of concrete structures. Through thermal simulation experiments on pre-existing cracks, we investigate the heat conduction patterns in crack...
Dislocation-based functionalities in inorganic ceramics and semiconductors are drawing increasing attention, contrasting the conventional belief that the majority of ceramic materials are brittle at room temperature. Understanding the dislocation beh...
The arc spraying process was used to prepare Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline coating. The cavitation erosion behaviors of FeNiCrBSiNbW coatings with different surface roughness levels were investigated in distilled water. The results showed that F...
Manufacturing process based imperfections can reduce the theoretical fatigue strength since they can be considered as pre-existent microcracks. The statistical distribution of fatigue fracture initiating defect sizes also varies with the highly-stres...
Background: A 24 h Holter study in children after transcatheter secundum ASD (ASD II) closure was conducted to detect the prevalence of defects and/or device-related late atrial arrhythmias (LAAs). ASD II closure with an Amplatzer septal occluder (AS...
(1) Background: The pathophysiologic basis of an acute type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is largely unknown. In an effort to evaluate vessel wall defects, we systematically studied aortic specimens in TAAD patients. (2) Methods: Ascending aortic wall s...
The instability of transistor characteristics caused by charge trapping under positive bias temperature (PBT) stress in In0.7Ga0.3As metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with single-layer Al2O3 and bi-layer Al2O3/HfO2 gate sta...
A synergistic set of NDT techniques, including I–V analysis, UVF imaging, IR thermography, and EL imaging, supports a diagnostics methodology developed in this work to qualitatively and quantitatively identify a wide range of PV defects. The me...
FeCrAl alloys have garnered considerable attention as candidate cladding materials for light water reactors due to their promising mechanical stability and irradiation resistance. However, the response characteristics of these alloys to irradiation a...
β-Ga2O3 has become an ultimate choice of emerging new-generation material for its wide range of compelling applications in power electronics. In this review, we have explored the available radiations in the atmosphere and the effects of radiatio...
Graphite IG-110 is a synthetic polycrystalline material used as a neutron moderator in reactors. Graphite is inherently brittle and is known to exhibit a further increase in brittleness due to radiation damage at room temperature. To understand the i...
Over the past several decades, viral vector-based vaccines have emerged as some of the most versatile and potent platforms in modern vaccinology. Their capacity to deliver genetic material encoding target antigens directly into host cells enables str...
The attractive strain burst phenomenon, so-called “pop-in”, during indentation-induced deformation at a very small scale is discussed as a fundamental deformation behavior in various materials. The nanoindentation technique can probe a mechanical res...
The study reports the significance of carbon presence in affecting void nucleation in Fe. Without carbon, void nucleation rates decrease gradually at high temperatures but remain significantly high and almost saturated at low temperatures. With carbo...
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone; proper management requires prolonged antibiotic treatment. Controversy exists as to when a patient should transition from intravenous to oral antibiotics. However, due to the high bioavailability of some ora...
Concrete is extensively utilized in infrastructure projects. However, issues like construction quality and external loads can lead to the formation of thin-plate-like voids with considerable aspect ratios, posing serious safety risks and highlighting...
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