The fruit diameter (FD), fruit length (FL), fruit peduncle length (FPL), fruit weight (FW) and fruit index (FI, FL/FD) are important quantitative traits in wolfberry fruit, and also one of the most important goals of variety breeding; however, the in...
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) seedlings are rich in vitamin C (Vc), which is beneficial for humans. Understanding the genetic variance in Vc content has practical significance for the breeding of “oil–vegetable dual-purpose” rapeseed...
Resistance breeding is the most economic method to control northern corn leaf blight (NCLB). The objectives of these studies were: To assess effects of dominant genes (Ht(s)), polygene (PG), and combinations on percent leaf area affected (PLAA), yiel...
Resistance breeding is the most effective method to control northern corn leaf blight (NCLB). The objectives were to (1) Assess effects of dominant genes (Ht(s)), polygene (PG), and their combinations to disease rating (DR), number of lesions per lea...
Polygenic models have emerged as promising prediction tools for the prediction of complex traits. Currently, the majority of polygenic models are developed in the context of predicting disease risk, but polygenic models may also prove useful in predi...
Polygenic adaptation in response to natural selection on a quantitative trait has become an important topic in population genetics and evolution. We modeled a scenario in which a population was assumed to be in equilibrium between mutation, selection...
Background: The monogenic defect in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is detected in ∼40% of cases. The majority of mutation-negative patients have a polygenic cause of high LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C). We sought to investigate whether the underlyin...
With the accumulation of scientific knowledge of the genetic causes of common diseases and continuous advancement of gene-editing technologies, gene therapies to prevent polygenic diseases may soon become possible. This study endeavored to assess pop...
Recent studies have led to considerable advances in the identification of genetic variants associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. An approach for converting genetic data into a predictive measure of disease susceptibility is to add the risk effe...
Background/Objectives: While single variants may have only small effects on common heritable traits like schizophrenia, methods for combining such effects over multiple variants have been proposed for more than 30 years. The currently favored approac...
Polygenic adaptation in response to selection on quantitative traits has become an important topic in evolutionary biology. Here we review the recent literature on models of polygenic adaptation. In particular, we focus on a model that includes mutat...
Background/Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition linking obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, representing a major challenge in clinical care. Its rising global prevalence, driven by urbanization, sedentary lifestyles, and diet...
Objective: Yield traits are crucial for cotton breeding. Analyzing the yield traits of terrestrial cotton and exploring their genetic mechanisms through a primary gene + multigene hybrid genetic model provide a theoretical basis for selecting high-qu...
(1) Background: Wound healing is a highly coordinated process encompassing hemostasis, inflammation, angiogenesis, keratinocyte migration, collagen deposition, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Successful repair also requires adequate nutrient and...
Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) is a prevalent birth defect that affects 1/500–1/1400 live births globally. The genetic basis of NSCL/P is intricate and involves both genetic and environmental factors. In the past few ye...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. The vast majority of PD patients develop the disease sporadically and it is assumed that the cause lies in polygenic and...
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy that adversely affects maternal and offspring health. A variety of risk factors, such as BMI and age, have been associated with increased risks of gestational diabetes. However...
With the increasing environmental impacts of human activities, the problem of polygenic multipollutants in groundwater has attracted the attention of researchers. Identifying the hydrobiogeochemical characteristics of the surface sewage that replenis...
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common retina degenerative disease with a complex genetic and environmental background. This study aimed to determine the polygenic risk score (PRS) stratification between the AMD case and control patients....
Studies investigating exceptionally long-lived (ELL) individuals, including genetic studies, have linked cardiovascular-related pathways, particularly lipid and cholesterol homeostasis, with longevity. This study explored the genetic profiles of ELL...
Background: Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) aggregate the effects of many common genetic variants and are being investigated as tools to refine coronary artery disease (CAD) risk prediction beyond traditional clinical models. Methods and Results: We rev...
Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are being constructed for many diseases and are presented today as a promising avenue in the field of human genetics. These scores aim at predicting the risk of developing a disease by leveraging the many genome-wide asso...
Background: Early diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is crucial to improve long-term outcomes. FH diagnosis relies on elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, familial clinical characteristics, and identification of p...
Polygenic autoimmune diseases (ADs) have several common features that are caused by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Common pathophysiological mechanisms include dysregulation of the immune system, chronic inflammation, and e...
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), the most common inherited cardiomyopathy, represents a paradigmatic condition for precision cardiovascular medicine. Once regarded as a monogenic autosomal dominant disorder driven by rare sarcomeric variants, HCM i...
Personalized polygenic risk information may be used to guide risk-based melanoma prevention and early detection at a population scale, but research on communicating this information is limited. This mixed-methods study aimed to assess the acceptabili...
In preimplantation testing for monogenic disease (PGT-M), we are used to specific and directed diagnoses. Preimplantation testing for polygenic disease (PGT-P), however, represents a further level of complexity in that multiple genes are tested for w...
We tested associations between 13 established genetic variants and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 1371 study participants from the Volga-Ural region of the Eurasian continent, and evaluated the predictive ability of the model containing polygenic scores fo...
Severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is genetically heterogeneous, but its genetic architecture remains incompletely characterized. We investigated the genetic determinants of severe HTG in 123 patients with triglyceride (TG) levels > 5.0 mmol/L and...
Background: Preimplantation genetic testing for polygenic diseases (PGT-P) is a reproductive technology that has made it possible to assign risk scores to embryos for various complex polygenic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, breast cancer,...
Background/Objectives: Schizophrenia is a clinically heterogeneous complex disorder with a substantial polygenic basis. The discovery of phenotypes indexing genetic differences advances research into the schizophrenia etiology but has proven to be ch...
Background: Sleep is a complex physiological process, crucial for cognitive functioning, emotional regulation, and overall health. Recent advances in genomics and neuroimaging have illuminated the intricate relationship between genetics, sleep archit...
Asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation, affects millions of individuals worldwide. Challenges remain in asthma prediction and diagnosis from its complex etiology involving genetic and environmental factors. Here,...
Chronic back pain (CBP) is a complex heritable trait and a major cause of disability worldwide. We developed and validated a genome-wide polygenic risk score (PRS) for CBP using a large-scale GWAS based on UK Biobank participants of European ancestry...
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading infectious causes of mortality worldwide. Although a significant proportion of the population (up to 36%, depending on the region) is infected with the latent form of TB, only about one in ten of these people w...
Background: Loneliness (LON) is a heritable psychosocial trait that frequently co-occurs with major depressive disorder (MDD) and sleep traits. Despite known genetic contributions, the shared genetic architecture and molecular mechanisms underlying t...
Diabetes mellitus is increasingly recognized as a biologically heterogeneous disorder that extends beyond traditional phenotype-based classifications. Advances in human genetics have revealed that monogenic and polygenic forms of diabetes are not dis...
The development of new screening methods and diagnostic tests for traits, common diseases, and cancer is linked to the advent of precision genomic medicine, in which health care is individually adjusted based on a person’s lifestyle, environmen...
Background: The regulation of oil and protein contents in cottonseed is governed by a complex genetic network. Gaining insight into the mechanisms controlling these traits is necessary for dissecting the formation patterns of cottonseed quality. Meth...
High red and processed meat intake (RPMI) is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to assess the impact of RPMI on CRC risk according to and in comparison with genetically determined risk, which was quantified by a polygeni...
Genetic variants identified by three large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of educational attainment (EA) were used to test a polygenic selection model. Weighted and unweighted polygenic scores (PGS) were calculated and compared across populat...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Although it has been studied for years, the pathogenesis of AD is still controversial. Genetic factors may play an important role in pathogenesis, with the apolipoprotein E (A...
Osteoporosis (OP) is a multifactorial bone disease belonging to the metabolic osteopathies group. Using the polygenic score (PGS) approach, we combined the effects of bone mineral density (BMD) DNA loci, affecting osteoporosis pathogenesis, based on...
Melanoma incidence is increasing, with distinct genetic and clinical patterns observed in the Latin American population. This study aimed to evaluate melanoma risk in a Colombian cohort through polygenic risk analysis using 37 variants across nine ge...
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most significant inherited risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Current guidelines focus on monogenic FH, but the polygenic form is more common and less understood. This study aimed to assess the cli...
Plant architecture is a crucial trait for ornamental plants. Chrysanthemum with prostrate growth habit is a novel cultivar group of ground-cover chrysanthemum, which have high ornamental value, strong lodging resistance, and outstanding landscape gre...
The polygenic risk score (PRS), together with the ɛ4 allele of the APOE gene (APOE-ɛ4), has shown high potential for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk prediction. The aim of this study was to validate the model of polygenic risk in Russia...
This exploratory study evaluated whether a polygenic risk score (PRS) derived from a European genome-wide association study is transferable to a Japanese cohort, for both susceptibility to and severity of adult idiopathic hydrocele testis. Surgically...
Background/Objectives: The physiological adaptations required to sustain elite football performance are influenced by both genetic background and dynamic biochemical responses, although their interaction across a full competitive season remains insuf...
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common glaucoma subtype, is more prevalent and severe in individuals of African ancestry. Unfortunately, this ancestral group has been his...
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