The plant disease triangle (PDT) is as old as the field of modern plant pathology, and it postulates that any plant disease is the outcome of the interaction between a pathogen, a host, and the environment. Recently, the need has emerged to study not...
The origin of plant pathology as a scientific discipline can be traced back to botany in the 18th century. In the following century, with the contributions of De Bary and Kühn, this discipline was able to identify the causes of diseases, learn a...
One of the most challenging problems associated with the development of accurate and reliable application of computer vision and artificial intelligence in agriculture is that, not only are massive amounts of training data usually required, but also,...
Climate change and an increasing population, present a massive global challenge with respect to environmentally sustainable nutritious food production. Crop yield enhancements, through breeding, are decreasing, whilst agricultural intensification is...
Plant virus management is mostly achieved through control of insect vectors using insecticides. However, insecticides are only marginally effective for preventing virus transmission. Furthermore, it is well established that symptoms of virus infectio...
Plant- and fungus-derived hepatotoxins are a major cause of disease and production losses in ruminants in Australia and around the world. Many are well studied and described in the literature; however, this is not the case for a number of hepatotoxic...
Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged viruses are basic research tools widely applied in studies concerning molecular determinants of disease during virus infection. Here, we described a new generation of genetically stable infectious clones of toma...
Huanglongbing is causing economic devastation to the citrus industry in Florida, and threatens the industry everywhere the bacterial pathogens in the Candidatus Liberibacter genus and their insect vectors are found. Bacteria in the genus cannot be cu...
Potatoes are one of the world’s most widely cultivated crops, but their yield is coming under mounting pressure from early blight, a fungal disease caused by Alternaria solani. Early detection and accurate identification are key to effective di...
Disease caused by filamentous fungal human pathogens (FFHP) is increasing. These organisms cause severe mycoses in immunosuppressed individuals, such as those: (a) with AIDS; (b) having undergone transplantation; and/or (c) undergoing chemotherapy. I...
In many European rural areas, agriculture is not only an economic activity, but it is strictly linked to environmental and social characteristics of the area. Thus, sometimes, a pathogen can become a social threat, as in the case of Xylella fastidios...
The rapid development of new technologies and the changing landscape of the online world (e.g., Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of All, cloud-based solutions) provide a unique opportunity for developing automated and robotic systems for urban farm...
Plant disease recognition is a critical technology for ensuring food security and advancing precision agriculture. However, challenges such as class imbalance, heterogeneous image quality, and limited model interpretability remain unresolved. In this...
Plants are exposed to diverse abiotic and biotic stimuli. These require fast and specific integrated responses. Such responses are coordinated at the protein and transcript levels and are incorporated into larger regulatory networks. Here, we focus o...
Leaf sheath blight disease (SB) of rice caused by the soil-borne fungus Rhizoctonia solani results in 10–30% global yield loss annually and can reach 50% under severe outbreaks. Many disease resistance genes and receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are...
This study analyzed the potential of proximal optical sensing as an effective approach for early disease detection. A compact, modular sensing system, combining direct UV–Vis spectroscopy with optical fibers, supported by a principal component...
In the present article, we research the existence of the positive periodic solutions for a mathematical model that describes the propagation dynamics of a pathogen living within a vector population over a plant population. We propose a generalized co...
The increasing diversity of potential biosecurity threats makes their diagnosis a complicated and evolving area, requiring moving beyond traditional taxonomic species identification. New biosecurity diagnostic tools should provide a greater depth of...
Plants produce a huge array of secondary metabolites that play a key role in defense mechanisms against detrimental microorganisms and herbivores, and represent a suitable alternative to synthetic fungicides in sustainable agriculture. In this work,...
Armillaria genus represents one of the most common causes of chronic root rot disease in woody plants. Prompt recognition of diseased plants is crucial to control the pathogen. However, the current disease detection methods are limited at a field sca...
Lectins are fundamental to plant life and have important roles in cell-to-cell communication; development and defence strategies. At the cell surface; lectins are present both as soluble proteins (LecPs) and as chimeric proteins: lectins are then the...
A greenhouse experiment was conducted with Cucurbita pepo L. “Howden” pumpkin to compare the effectiveness of various soil amendments for providing Si nutrition, improving soil fertility, and suppressing powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii). A sandy...
Plant disease poses a serious threat to global food security. Accurate, high-throughput methods of quantifying disease are needed by breeders to better develop resistant plant varieties and by researchers to better understand the mechanisms of plant...
Nut quality is fundamental to the economic viability of the Chinese sweet chestnut industry, but fruit rot disease significantly reduces this quality. In this study, we investigated chestnut rot in Anhui and Hubei provinces in China. Typical brown ro...
Alder dieback remains a major problem in European alder stands and its spread continues to threaten their existence. The causal agent of this disease is the so-called alder Phytophthora species complex, which includes the hybrid Phytophthora ×alni an...
Turfgrass is a multibillion-dollar industry severely affected by plant pathogens including fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes. Many of the diseases in turfgrass have similar signs and symptoms, making it difficult to diagnose the specific proble...
P. salmonis infections are the cause of major bacterial disease in salmonids in Chile, and the reason for using more antibiotics compared to other salmon-producing countries. Vaccination and antibiotics have not been efficient and new approaches are...
Young vine decline (YVD) is a grapevine trunk disease (GTD) which results in stunted and delayed growth, reduced yield, root necrosis and eventually death of young vines. Given losses associated with root trunk disease, and increasing limits on chemi...
Vanilla is an economically important crop for low-lying humid tropical regions. World demand for natural vanilla is increasing, but cultivated plants face serious phytosanitary problems. The disease known as Fusarium wilt is mainly related to the fun...
Fungal plant diseases are a major threat to food security worldwide. Current efforts to identify and list loci involved in different biological processes are more complicated than originally thought, even when complete genome assemblies are available...
Apple foliar diseases are a group of diseases that affect the leaves of apple trees. These diseases can significantly impact apple tree health and fruit yield. Ordinary apple foliar diseases include frog_eye_leaf_spots, powdery mildew, rust, apple sc...
Conventional disease detection methods in agriculture are constrained by the presence of personal opinions and the amount of work required, which hinder broad-scale disease monitoring. This study aims to overcome these difficulties by introducing a b...
This study presents the first report of a Fusarium wilt in Cymbopogon citratus in Portugal. Fusarium is one of the most prominent genera of plant pathogens due to its wide range of hosts and mycotoxin production. The Fusarium fujikuroi species comple...
The potential of hyperspectral UV–VIS–NIR reflectance for the in-field, non-destructive discrimination of bacterial canker on kiwi leaves caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) was analyzed. Spectral data (325–1075 nm)...
Halophytes are salt-tolerant plants growing in saline ecosystems and are spread throughout the Mediterranean area. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in agricultural exploitation of halophytes, but poor attention has been given to pest and d...
Some tree species respond to disease by producing basal sprouts from the base and root system of a dying tree, which can alter disease dynamics by altering demography. In the case of many lethal, airborne tree diseases, the production of basal sprout...
During a survey conducted in autumn 2022 and spring 2023, extensive leaf spots were observed on Aristolochia grandiflora plants in the Botanical Garden “Angelo Rambelli” (Viterbo). To preserve the botanical garden collection and avoid disease spread,...
Transcriptomes from stem-inoculated Scots pine saplings were analyzed to identify unique and enriched H. annosum transcripts in the early stages of infection. Comparing different time points since inoculation identified 131 differentially expressed H...
While past research has emphasized the importance of late blight infection detection and classification, anticipating the potato late blight infection is crucial from the economic point of view as it helps to significantly reduce the production cost....
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the development of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the progression of anthracnose symptoms, and the growth of common bean plants. For this purpose, the fungal mycelial g...
In grassland agroecosystems, some plant pathogenic bacteria can cause disease in animals. These strains are known as plant and animal cross-kingdom pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we established an alfalfa root infection model and a mouse model v...
Atriplex hortensis var. rubra (red orache, RO) is a halotolerant species rich in nutraceutical compounds, which makes it a valuable crop for human nutrition. This plant could also be exploited for phytoremediation of contaminated soil and wastewater,...
Agricultural productivity is an important factor for the economic development of a country. Therefore, the diagnosis of plant diseases is a field of research of utmost importance for the agricultural sector as it allows us to help recommend strategie...
Microbotryum silybum, a smut fungus, is studied as an agent for the biological control of Silybum marianum (milk thistle) weed. Confirmation of the systemic infection is essential in order to assess the effectiveness of the biological control applica...
Maize yields worldwide are limited by foliar diseases that could be fungal, oomycete, bacterial, or viral in origin. Correct disease identification is critical for farmers to apply the correct control measures, such as fungicide sprays. Deep learning...
Oomycetes form a distinct phylogenetic lineage of fungus-like eukaryotic microorganisms, of which several hundred organisms are considered among the most devastating plant pathogens—especially members of the genus Phytophthora. Phytophthora spp...
Species of Paramyrothecium that are reported as plant pathogens and cause leaf spot or leaf blight have been reported on many commercial crops worldwide. In 2019, during a survey of fungi causing leaf spots on plants in Chiang Mai and Mae Hong Son pr...
Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) has been responsible for numerous epidemics of bacterial canker of kiwi (BCK), resulting in high losses in kiwi production worldwide. Current diagnostic approaches for this disease usually depend on visible s...
This study proposes an advanced plant disease classification framework leveraging the Attention Score-Based Multi-Vision Transformer (Multi-ViT) model. The framework introduces a novel attention mechanism to dynamically prioritize relevant features f...
Early and accurate date palm disease detection is the key to successful smart farming ecosystem sustainability. In this paper, we introduce DoST-DPD, a new Dual-Stream Transformer architecture for multimodal disease diagnosis utilizing RGB, thermal a...
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