108,640 Results Found

In this paper, motivated by the recently introduced topological indices—the Sombor index, Sombor coindex, and Lanzhou index, we define a new index—the Lanzhou coindex of a graph. Furthermore, we investigate the Sombor index (coindex) and...

Tetrahedrane-derived compounds consist of n crossed quadrilaterals and possess complex three-dimensional structures with high symmetry and dense spatial arrangements. As a result, these compounds hold great potential for applications in materials sci...

Support for region queries is crucial in geographic information systems, which process exact queries through spatial indexing to filter features and subsequently refine the selection. Although the filtering step has been extensively studied, the refi...

Drought has had an increasingly serious impact on humans with global climate change. The drought index is an important indicator used to understand and assess different types of droughts. At present, many drought indexes do not sufficiently consider...

In this research paper, we investigate fundamental graph properties within the context of a simple connected graph denoted as G = (V, E). We introduce the concept of the rational Schultz index. In the context of this paper, our main objective is to c...

The Wiener index is one of the most classic and widely used indicators in topology. It reflects the average distance of any node pair in the graph. It not only makes the boundaries of given graphs clearer but also continuously generates topological i...

The associations between visceral adiposity index (VAI), body shape index and diabetes in adults were inconsistent. We assessed the predictive capacity of VAI and body shape index for diabetes by comparing them with body mass index (BMI) and waist ci...

Several topological indices are known to have widespread implications in a variety of research areas. Over the years, the Kirchhoff index has turned out to be an extremely significant and efficient index. In this paper, we propose the exact formulas...

For gradient refractive index media with large refractive index gradients, traditional ray tracing methods based on refined elements or spatial geometric steps have problems such as low tracing accuracy and efficiency. The ray tracing method based on...

A new index for a precise calculation of a manipulator’s stiffness isotropy is introduced. The proposed index is compared with the conventionally used stiffness isotropy index by making use of the investigation on R-CUBE manipulator. The propos...

Fire weather indices are commonly used by fire weather forecasters to predict when weather conditions will make a wildland fire difficult to manage. Complex interactions at multiple scales between fire, fuels, topography, and weather make these predi...

The concept of arithmetic-geometric index was recently introduced in chemical graph theory, but it has proven to be useful from both a theoretical and practical point of view. The aim of this paper is to obtain new bounds of the arithmetic-geometric...

In the realm of solar forecasting, it is common to use a clear sky model output to deseasonalise the solar irradiance time series needed to build the forecasting models. However, most of these clear sky models require the setting of atmospheric param...

The Hosoya index $m\left(G\right)$ and the Merrifield–Simmons index $i\left(G\right)$ of a graph G are the number of matchings and the number of independent sets in G. In this paper, we establish exact formulas for the expected value of the Hosoya index and Merrifield&n...

Two famous topological indices, the Gutman index and Schultz index, are studied in this article. We mainly calculate the exact analytical formulae for the expected values of the Gutman index and Schultz index of a random regular polygonal chain with...

We used the Journal Impact Factor (JIF) to develop the hjif-index, calculated in a similar way to h-like indices. To this end, we mapped the JIFs of one JCR group to natural numbers, and evaluated the degree of correspondence between the interval fro...

Objectives: The shock index (SI) and its derivations, the modified shock index (MSI) and the age shock index (Age SI), have been used to identify trauma patients with unstable hemodynamic status. The aim of this study was to evaluate their use in pre...

Let G be a simple graph of order n. The Estrada index and Laplacian Estrada index of G are defined by $EE\left(G\right)={\sum }_{i=1}^n{e}^{{\lambda }_i\left(A\left(G\right)\right)}$ and $LEE\left(G\right)={\sum }_{i=1}^n{e}^{{\lambda }_i\left(L\left(G\right)\right)}$...

Let G be a simple, connected and undirected graph. The atom-bond connectivity index ($ABC\left(G\right)$) and Randić index ($R\left(G\right)$) are the two most well known topological indices. Recently, Ali and Du (2017) introduced the difference between atom-bond connectivity...

Background: The study aimed to investigate the association of Body Roundness Index (BRI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), and Conicity Index with nutritional status and cardiovascular risk factors in South African rural young adults. Methods: The study in...

The concept of Sombor index $\left(SO\right)$ was recently introduced by Gutman in the chemical graph theory. It is a vertex-degree-based topological index and is denoted by Sombor index $SO$: $SO=SO\left(G\right)={\displaystyle \sum _{v_i{v}_j\in E\left(G\right)}}\sqrt{d_G{\left(v_i\right)}^2+d_G{\left(v_j\right)}^2},$ where $d_G\left(v_i\right)$ is the degree...

In this work, we obtained new results relating the generalized atom-bond connectivity index with the general Randić index. Some of these inequalities for $AB{C}_{\alpha }$ improved, when $\alpha =1/2$, known results on the $ABC$ index. Moreover, in order to obtain our resu...

Leaf area index (LAI) is an important parameter that determines the growth status of winter wheat and impacts the ecological and physical processes of plants in ecosystems. The problem of spectral saturation of winter wheat LAI at the booting stage w...

Background: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a leading cause of death worldwide. A shock index (SI), modified SI (MSI), delta-SI, and shock index-C (SIC) are known predictors of STEMI. This retrospective cohort study was designed...

This paper initiates the study of the mathematical aspects of the ad-hoc Lanzhou index. If G is a graph with the vertex set $\{x_1,\dots ,x_n\}$, then the ad-hoc Lanzhou index of G is defined by $\widetilde{Lz}\left(G\right)={\sum }_{i=1}^n{d}_i{(n-1-d_i)}^2$, where $d_i$ rep...

This manuscript introduces the Scientific Peer Review Index (SPR-index), a novel metric designed to enhance the H-index by incorporating verified peer review records from the Web of Science database. The SPR-index aims to provide a more comprehensive...

The emergence of rice panicle substantially changes the spectral reflectance of rice canopy and, as a result, decreases the accuracy of leaf area index (LAI) that was derived from vegetation indices (VIs). From a four-year field experiment with using...

Consistency indices quantify the degree of transitivity and proportionality violations in a pairwise comparison matrix (PCM), forming a cornerstone of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Analytic Network Process (ANP). Several methods have been...

The index coding problem consists of a system with a server and multiple receivers with different side information and demand sets, connected by a noiseless broadcast channel. The server knows the side information available to the receivers. The obje...

Recently, the arithmetic–geometric index (AG) was introduced, inspired by the well-known and studied geometric–arithmetic index (GA). In this work, we obtain new bounds on the arithmetic–geometric index, improving upon some already known bounds. In p...

Background and Objectives: The myocardial performance index (MPI) is a diagnostic tool that assesses both the systolic and diastolic function of ventricles. The MPI provides a comprehensive view of the overall efficiency of the heart’s pumping...

This work reports a novel method to create a 3D map of the refractive index of different graded-index polymer optical fibers (GI-POF), measuring the Raman spectra at different points of their transverse sections. Raman fingerprints provide accurate m...

Recently, a novel degree-based molecular structure descriptor, called Sombor index was introduced. Let $G=\left(V\right(G),E(G\left)\right)$ be a graph. Then, the Sombor index of G is defined as $SO\left(G\right)={\displaystyle \sum _{uv\in E\left(G\right)}}\sqrt{d_G^2\left(u\right)+d_G^2\left(v\right)}$. In this paper, we give some lemmas that c...

Let G be a graph with vertex set $V\left(G\right)$ and edge set $E\left(G\right)$. A graph invariant for G is a number related to the structure of G which is invariant under the symmetry of G. The Sombor and reduced Sombor indices of G are two new graph invariants defined as...

In this work, we propose the Spread approach, which tailors a concurrent range index structure to a range index structure for disaggregated memory connected via RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access). The Spread approach leverages the concept of tolerati...

Severe air pollution in China has caused significant tourism transformation for pursuing fresh air in microclimate tourism markets. Contemporary practices simply measure the air freshness of destinations and scenic spots using a single index, i.e., p...

In this paper, we discuss a few simple methods for computing the local topological index and its various analogs for vector fields and differential forms given on complex varieties with singularities of different types. They are based on properties o...

The study of topological indices – graph invariants that can be used for describing and predicting physicochemical or pharmacological properties of organic compounds – is currently one of the most active research fields in chemical graph theory. In t...

An LSM-tree (log-structured merge-tree) is a hierarchical, orderly and disk-oriented data storage structure which makes full use of the characteristics of disk sequential writing, which are much better than those of random writing. However, an LSM-tr...

Much research has been devoted to quantifying optimal or unacceptable climate conditions both generally and for specific tourism segments or activities over the last 10 years. This knowledge is not incorporated in the Tourism Climate Index (TCI), whi...

Sustainability is an imperative of the 21st century in order to preserve the environment for the next generations, but sustainable development also requires the introduction and use of new technologies, and the related abilities for their use. The Un...

Environmental degradation caused by the migration of pollutants from landfills is one of the biggest problems for urban areas. Systematic monitoring of groundwater in the vicinity of waste dumps allows for an assessment of the degree of risk to the s...

Fiber-optic interferometric sensors based on graded-index multimode fibers have very high refractive-index sensitivity, as we previously demonstrated. In this paper, spatial-frequency multiplexing of this type of fiber-optic refractive index sensors...

There is inconsistency regarding the association between long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n3) and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed to investi...

An issue that most databases face is the static and manual character of indexing operations. This old-fashioned way of indexing database objects is proven to affect the database performance to some degree, creating downtime and a possible impact in t...

Let $\mathcal{Z}{\left(\mathcal{R}\right)}^{\prime }$ denote the set of all elements in the ring $\mathcal{R}$ that are neither zero nor units, where $\mathcal{R}$ is assumed to be a commutative ring with a multiplicative identity satisfying $1\ne 0.$ Two distinct vertices w and $\kappa$ are defined to be adjacent...

Soybean is a key global crop for food and oil production, playing a vital role in ensuring food security and supplying plant-based proteins and oils. Accurate information on soybean distribution is essential for yield forecasting, agricultural manage...

Recent evidence shows that simple and inexpensive anthropometric measurements can be used to identify, at an early stage, women with obesity at increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the acc...

It is a well-known fact that the value of the Bond work index (w_i) for a given ore varies along with the grinding size. In this study, a variability bysis is carried out with the Bond standard grindability tests on different critical metal ores (W, T...

Drought analysis via the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) is necessary for effective water resource management in Sarawak, Malaysia. Rainfall is the best indicator of a drought,...