In the present study, the relevance of the airflow to the response time of the smoke detector has been investigated regarding the different air purifier locations by Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). Particular attention has been devoted to the impact o...
Emergency events in the industrial sector have been increasingly reported during the past decade. However, studies that focus on emergency evacuation to improve industrial safety are still scarce. Existing evacuation-related studies also lack a persp...
Fires in buildings result in the undesirable loss of life and property. Despite fire safety designs, the frequent occurrence of fires indicates a need for improvements in fire safety management. Conventional fire safety management is based on regulat...
Fire protection remains one of the key challenges in the field of architectural heritage conservation, particularly for heritage buildings dominated by timber structures, which face greater difficulties in fire prevention and risk assessment. To syst...
Along with simulated firefighting training, the development of virtual training systems and associated content has recently drawn attention as an alternative method for advanced firefighting training. In particular, to develop virtual training conten...
The ability of computer simulations to model airflows in a tunnel can significantly contribute to the effectiveness of fire safety precautions. This study examines two ways of modelling the Polana tunnel (Slovakia) and its influence on the airflow cr...
Wind has a significant effect on pool fire behavior, which is relevant to many fire conditions, such as wildfires, building fires, and oil transportation fires. Although fire behavior and morphology changes have received considerable attention and be...
This study investigates fire dynamics and passenger evacuation for a lithium-battery-powered sightseeing vessel using Pyrosim 2024 and Pathfinder 2019. Fire scenarios with varying ignition locations (lower battery compartment, first-deck cabin, secon...
Different kinds of explosions are driven by the internal energy accumulated in compressed gas or superheated liquid. A well-known example of such an explosion is the burst of a vessel with pressure-liquefied substance, known as Boiling Liquid Expandi...
In South Korea, the need to link fire and evacuation simulations to compare the available safety egress time (ASET) and required safety egress time (RSET) in real time when implementing performance-based design in buildings is increasing. Accordingly...
A general procedure is described to generate material parameter sets to simulate fire propagation in horizontal cable tray installations. Cone Calorimeter test data are processed in an inverse modelling approach. Here, parameter sets are generated pr...
Wildland fires, including surface and crown fires, present significant challenges for ecosystems and forest management. Accurate fire modelling is crucial for risk assessment and mitigation strategies. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) v6.8.0, develo...
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the fire performance in a multi-storey cross-laminated timber (CLT) structure by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS v.6.7). The study investigates fire t...
This study investigates the fire dynamics and structural response of steel-framed warehouse racking systems under various fire scenarios, emphasizing the critical importance of fire safety measures in mitigating structural damage. Through advanced co...
Fire emergencies present significant challenges to human safety, with evacuation success relying on situational awareness and informed decision-making. Traditional methods, such as rendered fire simulations and physical evacuation drills, often fail...
Modern high-speed train compartments contain intricate internal configurations. In the event of a fire emergency, the propagation velocity of flames through the passenger cabin is determined by multiple factors, including compartment design, ignition...
Post-earthquake fire, also referred to as fire following earthquake (FFE), can cause severe urban damage, particularly where detailed empirical fire-spread records are unavailable. This study derives a simulation-informed regional regression relation...
Internal combustion engine vehicles damage the environment and public health by emitting toxic fumes, such as CO2 or CO and other trace compounds. The use of electric cars helps to reduce the emission of pollutants into the environment due to the use...
Road tunnel fires can produce rapid heat accumulation and severe thermal loading, particularly when fixed firefighting systems are not activated during the early stages of fire development. Although previous tunnel fire studies have examined ventilat...
Fire accidents on ships and offshore structures lead to complex non-linear material and geometric behavior, which can cause structural collapse. This not only results in significant casualties, but also environmental catastrophes such as oil spills....
Recent studies have shown that vertical greenery systems (VGS) carry a significant fire threat when not properly looked after. Building on this, the fire hazard of VGS was compared to two other thermally efficient building façade systems (TEBF...
Research Highlights: The impact of variation in fuels and fuel dynamics among forest cover types on the outcome of fuel treatments is poorly understood. This study investigated the potential effects of treatment placement with respect to cover type o...
The purpose of this numerical research is to assess the evacuation process in a tunnel under the contraflow condition. Numerical simulations utilizing FDS+Evac codes associated with a fire dynamic simulator (FDS) model simulating a fire scenario are...
A fire has been analyzed in a real underground coal mine, using a sublevel method, during an entire year. The study was focused on the collapsed area, reproducing a real mixture formed by coal, waste, and air gap. The analysis was done by means of an...
Large-scale fires mainly due to the ignition of thermal insulation materials in the ceiling of piloti-type structures are becoming frequent. However, the fire spread in these cases is not well understood. Herein we performed small-scale and real-scal...
Understanding fire characteristics under sprinkler spray is valuable for performance-based safety design. However, fire characteristics during fire suppression by sprinkler spray has seldom been studied in detail. In order to present a fire suppressi...
With the goal of addressing the difficulty of rapidly identifying the source of fire in commercial buildings, this study builds a numerical fire model based on the fire dynamics simulator (FDS) and combines it with a hybrid model to predict the locat...
The experimental evaluation of fire resistance limits for steel constructions with fire-retardant coatings consists of a lot of experiments on the heating of steel structures of buildings by solving a heat engineering problem at various fire conditio...
Wooden site cabins and modular units are combustible enclosures in which a single furniture fire can rapidly involve adjacent rooms, yet full-scale experimental data on multi-compartment fire development involving combustible interior linings remain...
The main objective of this study is to compare the results in terms of gas temperature and structural elements temperature, using different localized fire models. In particular, with reference to an open car park fire, the simplified Hasemi localized...
Hermetic pressurized buildings have been developed to reduce the effects of high altitude. The behavior and effect of fire in this new type of building have not been studied before. Unlike common buildings, the inside pressure in this new type of bui...
With the rising adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), fire-related issues have garnered significant attention, prompting extensive research efforts. This study investigates the dispersion of toxic gases generated during EV fires in confined spaces, su...
Rescue and evacuation of underground interchange tunnels after a fire are challenging. Therefore, a method of integrating building information modeling (BIM) and a fire dynamic simulator (FDS) was proposed to analyze fire characteristics and personne...
Water-based suppression systems are widely employed in fire safety engineering, yet the accurate CFD modelling of their interaction with fire-driven flows remains a significant challenge. This study evaluates the impact of drag force modelling and gr...
A fire during manned space exploration can cause serious casualties and disrupt the mission if the initial response is delayed. Therefore, measurement technology that can detect fire in the early stage of ignition is important. There have been a numb...
The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has posed new challenges to fire safety, especially when multiple EVs are transported on electric trailers, as limited studies exist on heavy electric vehicle transportation and little research has been conduct...
After a mine-fire accident occurs, a large number of emergency resources need to be allocated to rescue those involved in the mine-fire accident. The allocation of emergency resources for mine-fire accidents has the characteristic of being a complex...
There are obvious differences in shape and space between the large-span spatial structure and the traditional steel structure, and there will be openings at the top of the spatial structure. However, there are few studies on the fire of the spherical...
Lithium-ion battery energy storage stations are being rapidly deployed for peak regulation, renewable energy integration, and emergency power supply in power systems. Their fire risk is governed by interacting factors, including cell thermal runaway,...
Flame retardant cables were investigated using thermo-gravimetric analysis to measure the reference temperature and reference rate required for a fire spread simulation using a Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). Sensitivity analysis was also performed to...
The performance of automatic smoke detection systems depends strongly on the appropriate placement of smoke detectors, particularly in compartments with suspended (double) ceilings, where smoke movement is affected by ceiling geometry. This study pre...
This study investigates fire behavior and personnel evacuation safety in a nuclear chemical workshop based on the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) and real fire experiment. The typical fire scenario caused by cable faults at middle distribution box loca...
In recent years, natural ventilation technology is extensively used in order to improve indoor environment quality and reduce power consumption of air-conditioning systems in green buildings. However, the effect of natural ventilation on fires needs...
In this work, the fire reaction properties of flax-polypropylene (PP) composites were investigated at multiple sample angles both experimentally and numerically under two different heat flux conditions (35 and 50 kW/m2) in the cone calorimeter enviro...
Wildland–urban interface (WUI) fires expose buildings to complex thermal loads arising from radiation, convection, flame contact, and hot-gas impingement, and radiation-only assessment may be insufficient when wind-driven vegetation fires inter...
Steel–concrete–steel (SCS) composite slabs are widely used in critical infrastructures such as nuclear power plants, where systematic performance evaluation through multiple criteria is crucial due to their safety functions. During their...
This study developed an objective approach for determining fire source location based on an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The samples for the ANN model were obtained from computational fluid dynamics simulations. A data preprocessor was devi...
A pool fire is a turbulent diffusion fire that occurs when a flammable liquid, such as gasoline or oil, spills, forms a pool on a surface (or floats on water), and ignites. It is characterized by low-momentum, buoyancy-driven flames, significant ther...
Nursing hospitals have a high probability of casualties during a fire disaster because they have many patients with impaired mobility. In this study, fire and egress simulations were conducted to evaluate the egress safety of a typical nursing hospit...
Analyzing wildfire behavior is crucial due to its significant environmental repercussions. Among the various influencing factors, terrain slope and wind velocity are pivotal in governing fire spread characteristics. In the present study, we investiga...
of 16