Digital evidence is critical in cybercrime investigations because it is used to connect individuals to illegal activity. Digital evidence is complicated, diffuse, volatile, and easily altered, and as such, it must be protected. The Chain of Custody (...
Digital images play an increasingly central role in journalism, legal investigations, and cybersecurity. However, modern editing tools make image manipulation difficult to detect with traditional forensic methods. This research addresses the challeng...
This systematic review critically examines the use of 2D and 3D digital imaging technologies of the face and teeth, with and without integration of artificial intelligence, for human identification in forensic and medicolegal contexts. Following PRIS...
Digital forensics increasingly operates under extreme data growth, where exhaustive bit-wise imaging of modern storage is constrained by time, storage, and processing cost. Selective imaging and artifact prioritization methods reduce acquisition volu...
With the rapid development of information technology and the widespread use of the Internet, QR codes are widely used in all walks of life and have a profound impact on people’s work and life. However, the QR code itself is likely to be printed...
Digital images are widely used for informal information sharing, but the rise of fake photos spreading misinformation has raised concerns. To address this challenge, image forensics is employed to verify the authenticity and trustworthiness of these...
Background: Autopsy pathology remains the reference standard for determining the cause of death, reconstructing disease and injury mechanisms, ensuring diagnostic quality, and supporting medical education and forensic investigations. However, declini...
This paper presents a novel forensic watermarking method for digital evidence distribution in non-cloud environments. The approach addresses the critical need for the secure sharing of Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images in forensic invest...
Recently, the spread of fake images on social media platforms has become a significant concern for individuals, organizations, and governments. These images are often created using sophisticated techniques to spread misinformation, influence public o...
In the digital multimedia era, digital forensics is becoming an emerging area of research thanks to the large amount of image and video files generated. Ensuring the integrity of such media is of great importance in many situations. This task has bec...
Text-to-image (T2I) synthesis, driven by advancements in deep learning and generative models, has seen significant improvements, enabling the creation of highly realistic images from textual descriptions. However, this rapid development brings challe...
As a weak high-frequency signal embedded in digital images, Photo Response Non-Uniformity (PRNU) is particularly vulnerable to interference from low-frequency components during the extraction process, which affects its reliability in real-world foren...
Traditionally, digital image forensics mainly focused on the low-level features of an image, such as edges and texture, because these features include traces of the image’s modification history. However, previous methods that employed low-level...
Multimedia data have been continuously increasing in magnitude, and so has the sophistication of manipulation methods, thereby making the digital forensic investigation process more complicated. The easy access to sophisticated image editing software...
Within digital forensics, a notable emphasis is placed on the detection of the application of fundamental image-editing operators, including but not limited to median filters, average filters, contrast enhancement, resampling, and various other opera...
This research focuses on the detection of deepfake images and videos for forensic analysis using deep learning techniques. It highlights the importance of preserving privacy and authenticity in digital media. The background of the study emphasizes th...
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have established themselves over time as a fundamental tool in the field of copy-move forgery detection due to their ability to effectively identify and analyze manipulated images. Unfortunately, they still repres...
Digital image source identification primarily focuses on analyzing and detecting the machine imprints or camera fingerprints left by imaging devices during the imaging process to trace the origin of digital images. The development of a swift search a...
Face swapping is commonly assumed to act locally on the face region, which motivates placing watermarks away from the face to preserve the integrity of the face. We demonstrate that this assumption is violated in practice. Using a region-aware protoc...
Deepfakes are realistic-looking fake media generated by deep-learning algorithms that iterate through large datasets until they have learned how to solve the given problem (i.e., swap faces or objects in video and digital content). The massive genera...
With ongoing growth in the implementation of CCTV networks, miniature sensors, and IoT devices, the quality of captured images in terms of authenticity has become a major security issue. Through advanced editing tools and generative models, the capab...
Digital images cannot be excluded as part of a popular choice of information representation. Covert information can be easily hidden using images. Several schemes are available to hide covert information and are known as steganography schemes. Stegan...
In the last few years, the world has witnessed a ground-breaking growth in the use of digital images and their applications in the modern society. In addition, image editing applications have downplayed the modification of digital photos and this com...
Pixel-level image manipulation localization requires separating weak forensic traces from image content while recovering manipulated regions under post-processing and domain shift. Existing methods do not jointly impose structured discrimination on m...
Exemplar-based image inpainting technology is a “double-edged sword”. It can not only restore the integrity of image by inpainting damaged or removed regions, but can also tamper with the image by using the pixels around the object region...
The possibility of carrying out a meaningful forensic analysis on printed and scanned images plays a major role in many applications. First of all, printed documents are often associated with criminal activities, such as terrorist plans, child pornog...
To realize secure communication, steganography is usually implemented by embedding secret information into an image selected from a natural image dataset, in which the fractal images have occupied a considerable proportion. To detect those stego-imag...
Face images hold exceptional significance in contemporary society, serving as direct identifiers due to their rich personal attributes, enhancing daily life and work efficiency. However, advancements in deep learning and image processing have led to...
In many court cases, surveillance videos are used as significant court evidence. As these surveillance videos can easily be forged, it may cause serious social issues, such as convicting an innocent person. Nevertheless, there is little research bein...
Due to the great success of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in the area of computer vision, the existing methods tend to match the global or local CNN features between images for near-duplicate image detection. However, global CNN features are n...
Moving away from hand-crafted feature extraction, the use of data-driven convolution neural network (CNN)-based algorithms facilitates the realization of end-to-end automated forgery detection in multimedia forensics. On the basis of fingerprints acq...
Background/Objectives: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a critical diagnostic tool in forensic pathology, enabling molecular-level assessment of wound vitality, post-mortem interval, and cause of death. However, IHC interpretation is subject to variabil...
Accurate, standardized dental model measurements remain labor-intensive and difficult to scale in orthodontics. This technical development study aimed to develop and preliminarily evaluate a semiautomated three-dimensional (3D) dental cast measuremen...
Deep learning has injected a new sense of vitality into the field of image inpainting, allowing for the creation of more realistic inpainted images that are difficult to distinguish from the original ones. However, this also means that the malicious...
In the current era of social media, the proliferation of images sourced from unreliable origins underscores the pressing need for robust methods to detect forged content, particularly amidst the rapid evolution of image manipulation technologies. Exi...
Currently, the volume of sensitive content on the Internet, such as pornography and child pornography, and the amount of time that people spend online (especially children) have led to an increase in the distribution of such content (e.g., images of...
Digital images have become an important carrier for people to access information in the information age. However, with the development of this technology, digital images have become vulnerable to illegal access and tampering, to the extent that they...
Image source forensics is widely considered as one of the most effective ways to verify in a blind way digital image authenticity and integrity. In the last few years, many researchers have applied data-driven approaches to this task, inspired by the...
The popularity of unique image compression features of image files opens an interesting research analysis process, given that several digital forensics cases are related to diverse file types. Of interest has been fragmented file carving and recovery...
With the tremendous growth and usage of digital images, no-reference image quality assessment is becoming increasingly important. This paper presents in-depth analysis of Benford’s law inspired first digit distribution feature vectors for no-referenc...
Recently, the work environments of organizations have been in the process of transitioning into smart work environments by applying cloud computing technology in the existing work environment. The smart work environment has the characteristic of bein...
In recent years, there has been a dramatic change in attitude towards computers and the use of computer resources in general. Cloud and Edge computing have emerged as the most widely used technologies, including fog computing and the Internet of Thin...
The rapid pace of invention in technology and the evolution of network communication has produced a new lifestyle with variety of opportunities and challenges. Remotely Piloted Aerial Systems (RPAS) technology, which includes drones, is one example o...
Electronic evidence is an essential component in most legal trials of criminal activities, and digital forensics is therefore a crucial support for law enforcement investigations. For instance, a wide range of electronic devices contain Not AND (NAND...
28 April 2022
Teeth and bones of calvarium are important structures from a forensic point of view, as they are extremely resilient to destruction or decomposition, even under temperature variations. Radiology is inevitably an important tool in forensic investigati...
Intelligent methods such as machine learning, deep learning, and related reasoning-based techniques are widely credited with transforming digital forensics, yet it remains unclear where that transformation has actually taken hold. This study presents...
The application of artificial intelligence within forensic image analysis marks a significant step forward for the non-destructive examination of evidence, a crucial practice for maintaining the integrity of a crime scene. While non-destructive testi...
Performance evaluation of source camera attribution methods typically stop at the level of analysis of hard to interpret similarity scores. Standard analytic tools include Detection Error Trade-off or Receiver Operating Characteristic curves, or othe...
Illegally filmed images, the sharing of non-consensually filmed images over social media, and the secret recording and distribution of celebrity images are increasing. To catch distributors of illegally filmed images, many investigation techniques ba...
Source-camera identification tools assist image forensics investigators to associate an image with a camera. The Photo Response Non-Uniformity (PRNU) noise pattern caused by sensor imperfections has been proven to be an effective way to identify the...
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