Analysis of climatic conditions for the period of instrumental measurement in Central Yakutia showed three periods with two different mean annual air temperature (MAAT) shifts. These periods were divided into 1930–1987 (base period A), 1988&nda...
According to recent investigations on bottom boundary layer development under tsunami, a wave boundary can be observed even at the water depth of 10 m, rather than a steady flow type boundary layer. Moreover, it has been surprisingly reported that th...
The ocean’s mixed layer depth (MLD) plays an important role in understanding climate dynamics, especially during extreme weather occurrences like hurricanes. This study investigates the effects of Hurricane Katrina (2005) on the MLD in the Gulf...
Sonic layer depth (SLD) is crucial in ocean acoustics research and profoundly influences sound propagation and Sonar detection. Carrying 90% of oceanic kinetic energy, mesoscale eddies significantly impact the propagation of acoustic energy in the oc...
This paper presents an enhanced method for the transmission of 3D video in the Multi-view Video plus Depth (MVD) format over Two-Way Relay Channels (TWRC). Our approach addresses the unique challenges of MVD-based 3D video by combining Hierarchical Q...
Lanthanum zirconate (LZO) films from water-based precursors were deposited on Ni-5%W tape by chemical solution deposition. The buffer capacity of these layers includes the prevention of Ni oxidation of the substrate and Ni penetration towards the YBC...
As renewable energy adoption intensifies, the demand for efficient and large-scale storage technologies such as compressed air energy storage (CAES) has become critical. Abandoned mine caverns present a cost-effective and sustainable option for CAES,...
The effective estimation of mixed-layer depth (MLD) plays a significant role in the study of ocean dynamics and global climate change. However, the methods of estimating MLD still have limitations due to the sparse resolution of the observed data. In...
In the context of cutaneous carcinoma diagnosis based on in vivo optical biopsy, Diffuse Reflectance (DR) spectra, acquired using a Spatially Resolved (SR) sensor configuration, can be analyzed to distinguish healthy from pathological tissues. The pr...
The mixed layer depth (MLD) is generally estimated using in situ or model data. However, MLD analyses have limitations due to the sparse resolution of the observed data. Therefore, this study reconstructs three-dimensional (3D) ocean thermal structur...
A theoretical and numerical study is carried out to investigate the transformation of the wave boundary layer from non-depth-limited (wave-like boundary layer) to depth-limited one (current-like boundary layer) over a smooth bottom. A long period of...
The emergence of open ocean global-scale studies provided important information about the genomics of oceanic microbial communities. Metagenomic analyses shed light on the structure of marine habitats, unraveling the biodiversity of different water m...
In this paper, a layered method based on focal depth is proposed for the fast generation of computational holograms. The method layers objects with focal depth as spacing and approximates triangles on the object as projections on the layers based on...
There is compelling evidence that the incomplete laser beam receiver field-of-view overlap (i.e., partial overlap) of ground-based vertically-pointing aerosol LiDAR restricts the observational range for detecting aerosol layer boundaries to a certai...
This paper presents an analytical model for one-dimensional consolidation analysis of multi-layered unsaturated soils under depth-dependent initial conditions. The general solutions are derived explicitly using the Laplace transform. By combining the...
Deformation of thin-walled titanium alloys can occur during the milling process due to the cutting force and chatter vibration, which can influence the precision of the finished parts. In this research, a new milling method without auxiliary support...
With the rapid development of stereoscopic display technology, how to generate high-quality virtual view images has become the key in the applications of 3D video, 3D TV and virtual reality. The traditional virtual view rendering technology maps the...
The surface of a quenched and tempered spring steel may have a decarburized layer from which the carbon component has been reduced. The fatigue strength of the decarburized layer is low compared to the base metal, which can easily develop fatigue cra...
Over the years, air lubrication technology has been widely applied to maritime vessels, demonstrating its significant energy-saving and emission-reducing effects. However, the application of this technology in inland waterway transportation faces uni...
One major concern regarding multi-material additive manufacturing (MMAM) is the strength at the interface between materials. Based on the observation of how nature puts materials together, this paper hypothesizes that overlapping and interlacing mate...
In this paper, we propose two novel Adaptive Neural Network Approaches (ANNAs), which are intended to automatically learn the optimal network depth. In particular, the proposed class-independent and class-dependent ANNAs address two main challenges f...
Nanogrinding is one of the main technologies for machining complex surface shapes with nanometer-level precision. The subsurface deformation depth, as an important index of machining quality, directly affects the service life and mechanical propertie...
Visual Transformers (ViTs) have shown impressive performance due to their powerful coding ability to catch spatial and channel information. MetaFormer gives us a general architecture of transformers consisting of a token mixer and a channel mixer thr...
The article presents the results of investigations into the depth of the plastically deformed surface layer in the roller burnishing process. The investigation was carried out in order to obtain information on the dependence relationship between the...
The paper contains the results of a metallographic examination and nanoindentation test conducted for the medium carbon structural steel with low content of Mn, Si, Cu, Cr, and Ni after its grinding to a depth ranging from 2 μm to 20 μm, at con...
We report on the laser structuring of multi-layer materials using a fiber-based ultrashort pulsed laser robotic system within a processing area of 800 mm × 600 mm × 200 mm. Structuring was performed on a CuAl foil consisting of copper and...
In earthquake-prone areas such as Tokyo, accurate estimation of bearing stratum depth is crucial for foundation design, liquefaction assessment, and urban disaster mitigation. However, traditional methods such as the standard penetration test (SPT),...
In this paper, a depth-sensing method employing active irradiation of a semi-annular beam is proposed for observing the multi-layered reflective surfaces of transparent samples with higher resolutions and lower interference. To obtain the focusing re...
Wintertime extratropical cyclones frequently traverse the Kuroshio–Oyashio Extension frontal system. However, their net impacts on synoptic sea-surface temperature (SST) variability and mixed-layer structure remain uncertain in the presence of...
The characteristics of aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) were analyzed using 8-year (from January 2007 to December 2014) Cloud-Aerosol LiDAR and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) level 2 aerosol layer product...
The wave train generated by a moving vessel remains a persistent challenge in ship hydrodynamics, particularly in stratified oceans where internal waves contribute significantly to drag. This research investigates steady interfacial wave generation b...
Previously, we found that modification of the membrane surface from polyvinyltrimethylsilane (PVTMS) by treatment with low-temperature plasma induced by low pressure DC discharge leads to a significant increase in gas separation characteristics. To u...
In order to measure the depth profile of the heat-treated case-hardened layer of linear guides, this paper proposes a B-scan imaging and 3D visualization method for detecting the depth profile of the case-hardened layer of linear guides based on the...
Deep nitriding is used to obtain a nitriding hardness depth beyond 0.6 mm. The long nitriding processes, which are necessary to reach the high nitriding hardness depths, mostly have a negative influence on the hardness and strength of the nitrided la...
In recent years, nanomachining has attracted increasing attention in advanced manufacturing science and technologies as a value-added processes to control material structures, components, devices, and nanoscale systems. To make sub-micro patterns on...
Plateau lakes serve as important indicators of climate warming; however, systematic comparisons of regional differences in thermodynamic evolution and their driving mechanisms across different plateaus are still lacking. Based on ERA5 reanalysis data...
Ceramic–metal nanolaminates (CMNLs) are promising scratch-resistant coatings, but knowledge gaps remain regarding the interactive effects of individual layer thickness and scratch depth. This study employed molecular dynamics simulations to inv...
We observed interannual changes in the temperature and salinity of the surface layer of the Adriatic Sea when measured during the period 2005–2020. We observed non-stationarity and a positive linear trend in the series of mixed layer depth, hea...
The complex nature of debris flows suggests that the pore-water pressure evolution and dewatering of a flowing mass caused by the high permeability of soil or terrain could play an essential role in the dynamics behavior of fast landslides. Dewaterin...
This study assessed variations in demersal fish assemblages with respect to the study site and water depth. Seasonal samplings from May 2018 to March 2019 were conducted along the northern (Ayajin, Goseong) and southern (Hupo, Uljin) sites of the Eas...
The effectiveness of deep learning models depends on their architecture and topology. Thus, it is essential to determine the optimal depth of the network. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to learn the optimal depth of a stacked AutoEncoder,...
The accurate prediction of anchor penetration depth is critical for assessing the potential risk of emergency anchoring to subsea infrastructure. In this study, a three-dimensional coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) model was developed to invest...
Colored polymer anti-skid thin layers are widely used on urban roads to enhance driving safety, improve road aesthetics, and mitigate the urban heat island effect. However, in thin layers constructed by the spreading method, the adhesion of cementiti...
Validating the potential of multi-frequency synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for multi-layer and profile soil moisture (SM) estimation modeling, we conducted an airborne multi-frequency SAR joint observation experiment (AMFSEX) over the Liao River...
The electromagnetic technique based on magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) can be used to control the quality of ball screw shafts non-destructively, although identifying any slight grinding burns independently of induction-hardened depth remains a chall...
Seasonal freeze–thaw processes affect soil hydrothermal conditions in high-altitude valleys, yet evaluations based only on air temperature or maximum freezing depth may overlook the distinction between surface-connected freezing and delayed tha...
The East Sea is a jointly managed maritime area of Korea, Russia, and Japan, where the frequency of strong typhoons is anticipated to increase with climate change, affecting its marine ecosystem and regional climate regulation. This study investigate...
The article presents the results of a research of the process of laser hardening of steel 14Cr17Ni2 (AISI 431) by radiation of a high-power fiber laser LS-16. Assessment of the theoretically possible maximum depth in laser processing without addition...
Laser surface hardening is used to improve the fatigue performance of the large diameter pitch bearing. Determination of the process parameters by a trial and error method, depending on the experience of the technician, by changing the parameters rep...
The vertical distribution of irradiance in the ocean is a key input to quantify processes spanning from radiative warming, photosynthesis to photo-oxidation. Here we use a novel dataset of thousands local-noon downwelling irradiance at 490 nm (Ed(490...
of 134