Reliable visual inspection of photovoltaic modules is limited by the scarcity of diverse defect images and pixel-level annotations. This study proposes a defect-specific RGB image synthesis framework combining local feature disentanglement and physic...
Detecting defective pixels in CMOS Image Sensors is a critical task for ensuring high-quality image acquisition, as even minor defects can significantly degrade performance in vision systems and downstream processing. This study evaluates the perform...
Images produced by CMOS sensors may contain defective pixels due to noise, manufacturing errors, or device malfunction, which must be detected and corrected at early processing stages in order to produce images that are useful to human users and imag...
Image-based rail defect detection could be conceptually defined as an object detection task in computer vision. However, unlike academic object detection tasks, this practical industrial application suffers from two unique challenges, including objec...
CMOS image sensor (CIS) semiconductor products are integral to mobile phones and photographic devices, necessitating ongoing enhancements in efficiency and quality for superior photographic outcomes. The presence of white pixels serves as a crucial m...
Recent years have witnessed the widespread research of the surface defect detection technology based on machine vision, which has spawned various effective detection methods. In particular, the rise of deep learning has allowed the surface defect det...
This paper presents a feature-level defective pixel cluster (DPC) correction method specifically designed for dual-band infrared detectors. Due to inherent manufacturing limitations, antimonide-based type-II superlattice (T2SL) focal plane arrays (FP...
Infrared and visible imaging play crucial roles in non-destructive testing, where accurate defect segmentation and detection are paramount. However, the scarcity of annotated training data or the limited number of data availability often poses a chal...
In order to improve the accuracy and detection effect of fabric defect detection, a fabric defect detection method based on local similarity comparison is proposed in this paper. This method first takes each pixel in the image as the central pixel, s...
This paper presents an approach to eliminate one of the most common defects in hyperspectral images—the appearance of spiked points at some wavelengths. The elimination of this defect was carried out by means of polynomial regression. The Bayes...
A convolutional neural network (CNN) surrogate model (SM)-assisted proximal policy optimization (PPO) inverse design methodology is proposed for pixelated differential bandpass filters (DBPFs). A dumbbell-shaped defected ground structure (DGS) is enc...
Surface defect segmentation based on deep learning has been widely applied in industrial inspection. However, two major challenges persist in specific application scenarios: first, the imbalanced area distribution between defects and the background l...
Aging infrastructure has drawn increased attention globally, as its collapse would be destructive economically and socially. Precise quantification of minor defects is essential for identifying issues before structural failure occurs. Most studies me...
In this paper, we propose a wobbling method to correct bad pixels in cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors, using information of related images. We build up an automated device that realizes the wobbling correction for small animal Single Photon Emi...
Steel surface defect segmentation is a critical task in industrial visual inspection, with direct implications for quality assessment, process control, and in-service safety. However, complex steel-surface images often contain strong background textu...
Automated pixel-level detection of steel surface defects is a critical challenge in manufacturing quality control, complicated by the variation in defect size and shape, low contrast with background textures, and the diversity of defect patterns. Thi...
Partially defective fingerprint image (PDFI) with poor performance poses challenges to the automated fingerprint identification system (AFIS). To improve the quality and the performance rate of PDFI, it is essential to use accurate segmentation. Curr...
The paper presents a typology of electrical open and short defects on thin-film transistors (TFT) using an electrical tester and automatic optical inspection (AOI). The experiment takes the glass 8.5th generation to detect the electrical characterist...
A wide range of defects, failures, and degradation can develop at different stages in the lifetime of photovoltaic modules. To accurately assess their effect on the module performance, these failures need to be quantified. Electroluminescence (EL) im...
Effects of hot pixels on pixel performance in light and dark environments have been investigated in pinned photodiode 0.18 μm backside illuminated CMOS image sensors irradiated by 10 MeV protons. After exposure to protons, hot pixels and normal pi...
The membranes used in bone reconstructions have been the object of investigation in the field of tissue engineering, seeking to improve their mechanical strength and add other properties, mainly the osteopromotive. This study aimed to evaluate the fu...
Although unsupervised anomaly detection has shown promising performance in industrial visual inspection, many architectures still struggle with variable input resolutions, and anomaly scores are often difficult for end users to interpret. This study...
Non-destructive testing (NDT) plays a crucial role in large scale industrial production such as in the nuclear industry and bridge structures where even a small crack can lead to severe accidents. The pulsed eddy current infrared thermography testing...
Liquefied hydrogen storage vessels (LHSVs) are vulnerable to surface-crack initiation, propagation, and fracture on their surfaces because they are under high-pressure, low-temperature conditions. Defects can also occur in the coatings of the storage...
The impact of hydrocarbon-molecular (C3H6)-ion implantation in an epitaxial layer, which has low oxygen concentration, on the dark characteristics of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor pixels was investigated by dark current...
Subpixel mapping (SPM) is a technique that produces hard classification maps at a spatial resolution finer than that of the input images produced when handling mixed pixels. Existing spatial attraction model (SAM) techniques have been proven to be an...
Surface defects are frequently observed in calendered polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films. Their evaluation in production environments is typically qualitative and operator dependent. Using the common gas entrapment defects as the test case, the present s...
Ellipse detection has a very wide range of applications in the field of object detection, especially in the geometric size detection of inclined microporous parts. However, due to the processing methods applied to the parts, there are certain defects...
Feature detection of strawberry multi-type defects and the ripeness stage faces huge challenges because of color diversity and visual similarity. Images from hyperspectral near-infrared (NIR) information sources are also limited by their low spatial...
Laser marking on wafers can introduce various defects such as inconsistent mark quality; under- or over-etching, and misalignment. Excessive laser power and inadequate cooling can cause burning or warping. These defects were inspected using machine v...
Existing image segmentation algorithms used for the computed tomography (CT) images of asphalt concrete mostly ignore the similarity of aggregate phase geometry between adjacent CT slices, thus increasing the variability in the aggregate phase pixel...
An inlay sample with artificial defects was inspected via the pulse-compression thermography (PuCT) technique. The sample belongs to the cultural heritage field, and it was realized by a professional restorer based on his long-time experience, imitat...
Tool micro-defect quantification is often degraded by optical sampling limits, boundary aliasing, and non-Gaussian industrial noise. To improve segmentation fidelity and physical measurement reliability, this study proposes a physically guided recons...
Convolutional neural networks perform impressively in complicated computer-vision image-segmentation tasks. Vision-based systems surpass humans in speed and accuracy in quality inspection tasks. Moreover, the maintenance of big infrastructures, such...
Printed circuit board (PCB) defect detection is critical for ensuring the safety of electronic devices, especially in the space industry. Non-reference-based methods, typically the deep learning methods, suffer from a large amount of annotated data r...
Since tiny optical glass is the key component in various optical instruments, more and more researchers have paid attention to automatic defect detection on tiny optical glass in recent years. It remains a challenging problem, as the defects are extr...
Solar cells may possess defects during the manufacturing process in photovoltaic (PV) industries. To precisely evaluate the effectiveness of solar PV modules, manufacturing defects are required to be identified. Conventional defect inspection in indu...
Increasing deployment of optical fiber networks and the need for reliable high bandwidth make the task of inspecting optical fiber connector end faces a crucial process that must not be neglected. Traditional end face inspections are usually performe...
Low-resolution magnetic tile defect recognition suffers from the loss of texture, edge and fine-grained defect information, which weakens discriminative features and reduces recognition accuracy in industrial inspection. To improve defect recognition...
Due to the construction damage of high-density polyethylene film (HDPE) during the early stages of landfill construction and missed or faulty welding, this paper proposes a method based on the synchronous characteristic temperature differences betwee...
Performance of the (CdZn)Te pixelated detectors heavily relies on the quality of the underlying material. Modern laser-induced transient current technique addresses this problem as a convenient tool for characterizing the associated charge distributi...
An accurate assessment of the type and extent of sewer damage is an important prerequisite for maintenance and repair. At present, distinguishing drainage pipe defect types in the engineering field mainly relies on the human eye, which is time consum...
There exists a defect of the narrow viewing angle in the conventional integral imaging system. One reason for this is that only partial pixels of each elemental image contribute to the viewing angle and the others cause image flips. In this paper, a...
Industrial surface defect detection faces challenges of complex textures, diverse defect morphologies, and scarce labeled data, especially for non-woven fabrics. This paper proposes a dual-domain reverse distillation algorithm for unsupervised defect...
Accurate detection of road surface defects and their integration into geospatial representations are key requirements for scalable UAV-based inspection and maintenance systems.This work presents a lightweight processing pipeline that converts image-b...
Accurate and automatic railhead inspection is crucial for the operational safety of railway systems. Deep learning on visual images is effective in the automatic detection of railhead defects, but either intensive data requirements or ignoring defect...
The effect of deep-level defects is a key issue for the applications of CdZnTe high-flux photon counting devices of X-ray irradiations. However, the major trap energy levels and their quantitive relationship with the device’s performance are no...
Due to the presence of numerous surface defects, the inadequate contrast between defective and non-defective regions, and the resemblance between noise and subtle defects, edge detection poses a significant challenge in dimensional error detection, l...
When detecting surface defects in the industrial cutting environment, the defects are easily contaminated and covered by many interference factors (such as chips and coolant residue) that exist on the machined surface. These interfering factors hinde...
In this study, we developed a high-resolution, more accurate, non-destructive apparatus for refining the detection of electrode pixels in a thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT-LCD). The hybrid optoelectronic apparatus simultaneously uses...
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