Despite the benefits of artificial intelligence-assisted language learning (AIALL) for students and teachers, the scientific literature in this field remains relatively scarce, especially regarding the perceptions of language teachers. This paper aim...
Background/Objectives: Trichoscopy is an important diagnostic tool for hair and scalp disorders, but it requires significant expertise. Publicly available large language models (LLMs) are becoming more popular among both physicians and patients, yet...
This article is a discursive and equivalence-generating study of the use of the multilingual property as a narrative transmission mechanism in audiovisual texts. Specific functions can be constructed and different events and aspects of the plot can b...
Background: Social Communication Disorder (SCD), introduced in the DSM-5, is distinguished from Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by the absence of restricted and repetitive behaviors or interests (RRBIs). Aim: To compare the adaptive, sensory, communic...
How to objectively evaluate the effect of different vectorization models in measuring similarity between patents is a fundamental issue, which can help to select high-performance vectorization models to support advanced patent services. Based on the...
Human language comprehension relies on predictive processing; however, the computational mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. This study investigates these mechanisms using large language models (LLMs), specifically GPT-3.5-turbo and...
In recent years, there has been an increase in the prevalence of comorbidity between ASD and epilepsy in the pediatric population. Children with ASD and epilepsy often exhibit greater impairments in executive functions such as cognitive flexibility,...
Recently, transformer-based pretrained language models have demonstrated stellar performance in natural language understanding (NLU) tasks. For example, bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) have achieved outstanding performa...
In this comparative study, we investigated different influential factors of mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) for improving productive and receptive language learning skills. To do this, 100 scientific research papers were selected from the to...
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of four AI models, (GPT-5, GPT-4, Microsoft Copilot, and Google Gemini), in detecting medication errors through pediatric case scenarios. Methods: A total of 60 pediatric cases were analyzed fo...
Objective: A considerable number of gliomas require resection via direct electrical stimulation (DES) during awake craniotomy. Likewise, the feasibility of resecting language-eloquent gliomas purely based on navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic...
This paper explores the emerging security risks in Large Language Models (LLMs) through a comparative study of jailbreaking techniques. These adversarial methods exploit linguistic and alignment weaknesses in LLMs to bypass content safeguards and gen...
The primary goal of this study is to predict and analyze customer trust in e-commerce by leveraging neural computation within large language models (LLMs) alongside configurational approaches. We employ LLMs to predict trust levels based on customer...
Accurate data analysis is an important part of data-driven financial audits. Given the increased data availability and various systems from which audit files are generated, RCSFI provides a way for standardization on behalf of analysis. This research...
Background: Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini are being increasingly adopted in medicine; however, their reliability in cardiology remains underexplored. Purpose of the study: To compare the performance of three general...
In an era where fake news detection has become a pressing issue due to its profound impacts on public opinion, democracy, and social trust, accurately identifying and classifying false information is a critical challenge. In this study, the effective...
In today’s rapidly evolving digital landscape, customer reviews play a crucial role in shaping the reputation and success of hotels. Accurately analyzing and classifying the sentiment of these reviews offers valuable insights into customer sati...
Grammatical error correction (GEC) has become increasingly important for enhancing the quality of OCR-scanned texts. This small-scale study explores the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) for GEC in German children’s literature, a genr...
Background: Virtual coaching can help people adopt new healthful behaviors by encouraging them to set specific goals and helping them review their progress. One challenge in creating such systems is analyzing clients’ statements about their act...
This study presents a comparative analysis of several multimodal large language models (LLMs) for no-reference image quality assessment, with a particular focus on images containing authentic distortions. We evaluate three models developed by OpenAI...
Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) in hospitals relies heavily on infection control nurses (ICNs) who manage complex consultations to prevent and control infections. This study evaluated large language models (LLMs) as artificial inte...
Background/Objectives: Skeletal dysplasias are a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders with diverse and overlapping clinical presentations, posing diagnostic challenges even for experienced clinicians. With the increasing availability of arti...
Large Language Models (LLMs) combined with visual foundation models have demonstrated significant advancements, achieving intelligence levels comparable to human capabilities. This study analyzes the latest Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), including Multimod...
Objective: This study aimed to compare the accuracy of two large language models (LLMs)—ChatGPT (version 3.5) and Google Gemini (formerly Bard)—in answering dental caries-related multiple-choice questions (MCQs) using a simulated student...
Human communication has long relied on visual media for interaction, and is facilitated by electronic devices that access visual data. Traditionally, this exchange was unidirectional, constrained to text-based queries. However, advancements in human&...
Risk identification is a critical concern in the construction industry. In recent years, there has been a growing trend of applying artificial intelligence (AI) tools to detect risks from unstructured data sources such as news articles, social media,...
The past few decades have witnessed an enormous research growth in the field of natural language processing. In this regard, numerous machine learning (ML) algorithms have been applied in different sub-domains of NLP such as speech recognition, text...
Modeling languages have gained ever-increasing importance for the Internet of Things (IoT) domain for improving the productivity and quality of IoT developments. In this study, we analyzed 32 different modeling languages that have been designed for I...
Emotion recognition in video (ERV) aims to infer human affect from visual, audio, and contextual signals and is increasingly important for interactive and intelligent systems. Over the past decade, ERV has evolved from handcrafted features and task-s...
(1) Background: Poor adherence to management behaviors in Chinese Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients leads to an uncontrolled prognosis of diabetes, which results in significant economic costs for China. It is imperative to quickly locate vulne...
This study explores English language teachers’ beliefs and practices regarding assessment and associated training needs in two diverse European educational contexts: Norway and Cyprus. Using a quantitative approach, the research employed survey...
Taxonomies provide essential hierarchical structures for classifying information, enabling effective retrieval and knowledge organization in diverse domains such as e-commerce, academic research, and web search. Traditional taxonomy construction, hea...
Programming education traditionally requires extensive manual assessment of student assignments, which is both time-consuming and resource-intensive for instructors. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) open opportunities for automating th...
This paper presents various machine learning methods with different text features that are explored and evaluated to determine the authorship of the texts in the example of the Azerbaijani language. We consider techniques like artificial neural netwo...
In the realm of children’s education, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are already being utilized to create educational materials for young learners. But how significant are the differences between image-based fairy tales generated by M...
Although it is known that copy number variants (CNVs) on chromosome 22, such as 22q11.2 deletion (22q11.2DS) and 22q11.2 duplication (22q11.2Dup) syndromes, are associated with higher risk for neurodevelopmental issues, few studies have examined the...
This study evaluates the relationship between language shift and linguistic change in multigenerational immigrant communities, focusing on North American Norwegian (NAmNo) and German heritage varieties. The research synthesizes current findings on ho...
In this research, we studied the language and communication skills of preschool children with a diagnosis of autistic syndrome disorder (ASD) (n = 51) compared to children with other developmental disorders (DD) (n = 42), using direct measures and pa...
A number of different language measures are used in child language acquisition studies. This raises the issue of comparability across tasks, and whether this comparability diverges depending on the specific language domain or the language population...
Background: Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) patients typically show progressive visual decline, although language impairment can be a prominent feature. Previous studies have explored language connectivity impairment in PCA; not much is known about...
This research provides a systematic reconstruction of nine botanical names from the Papuan languages spoken on Alor Island. Although genealogical links among the Papuan Timor–Alor–Pantar languages have been previously investigated, lingui...
As studies of bilingual language control (BLC) seek to explore the underpinnings of bilinguals’ abilities to juggle two languages, different types of language switching tasks have been used to uncover switching and mixing effects and thereby re...
There is limited evidence regarding the effect of animation compared to static pictures on children’s language development. The aim was to systematically review the available literature for evidence concerning the effect of brief animation on s...
Automatic speech recognition systems with a large vocabulary and other natural language processing applications cannot operate without a language model. Most studies on pre-trained language models have focused on more popular languages such as Englis...
City networks are multiplex and diverse rather than being regarded as part of a single universal model that is valid worldwide. This study contributes to the debate on multiple globalizations by distinguishing multiscale structures of world city netw...
This study focuses on the contexts of language experience in relation to language dominance in eighty-seven Italian–German primary school children in Germany using the MAIN narrative task. We compare current language experience in the heritage...
This study explored the efficacy of large language models (LLMs), namely GPT-4, in supporting second language (L2) writing in comparison with interaction with a human language partner in the pre-writing phase. A within-subject behavioral experiment w...
This study dives into the interactive functions of the palm-up across four language ecologies drawing on comparable corpus data from American Sign Language (ASL)-American English and French Belgian Sign Language (LSFB)-Belgian French. While researche...
Background: This study evaluates the ability of six popular chatbots; ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Gemini, Copilot, Chatsonic, and Perplexity, to provide reliable answers to questions concerning keratoconus. Methods: Chatbots responses were assessed usi...
The transformative capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are reshaping educational assessment and question design in higher education. This study proposes a systematic framework for leveraging LLMs to enhance question-centric tasks: aligning e...
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