Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) face persistent trade-cost disadvantages arising from distance, transit dependence, border frictions, and uneven logistics performance. This study reconstructs bilateral merchandise exports for 11 Asian LLDCs t...
This study investigates the relationship between green trade, economic complexity, and green indicators in Asian countries using a Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) fixed effects model. This study uses panel data from 33 countries in the Asia...
This study examines the potential of grain trade within the context of global commerce, highlighting its role as a primary component of the worldwide agricultural market and a crucial factor in ensuring global food security and price stability. To ac...
Internal migration can redistribute workers and economic activity across regions, but its implications for sustainable development depend on local opportunity and capacity. This study analyzes directed flows among Türkiye’s 12 Nomenclature...
Ensuring the safe, reliable, and energy-efficient provision of electricity is a complex task for smart grid (SG) management applications. Internet of Things (IoT) and edge computing-based SG applications have been proposed for time-responsive monitor...
This study analyses the causes of the strong growth in the agri-food exports of Latin America between 1994 and 2019. To do this, a series of gravity models are estimated, using as a dependent variable the agri-food exports of 15 Latin American countr...
This paper provides a historical perspective on comparatively low levels of trade in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, focusing on studies addressing the impact of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Our literature review identifies...
Peruvian fresh-grape exports have expanded substantially but remain concentrated in a limited number of markets. This study examines the factors associated with bilateral export value for 17 destinations during 2001–2024, using a balanced panel...
Forest certification plays an important role in the global trade of legal, sustainably harvested timber. There is no accurate definition of how international forest certification systems impact international trade from a global perspective. This pape...
Since China first joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, many countries around the world have sought to capitalize on lower tariff rates and China’s increasing demand for high quality agricultural products. However, as competitive pressur...
Privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) constitutes a core element of responsible AI by supporting model training and inference without exposing sensitive information. This survey presents a comprehensive examination of the major cryptographic PPM...
This study evaluates the implications of Egypt’s accession to the BRICS+ bloc by integrating a Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood gravity model with a comprehensive PESTEL analysis. Using panel data on Egypt’s bilateral trade with BRICS+ f...
Functional complementarity between residential and commercial functions explains inter-zonal shopping flows, yet commerce is typically treated as a single category and the intervening-opportunity pillar of spatial interaction theory is left empirical...
The gravity model of trade is one of the most common approaches in modern econometrics. In its basic form, the model assumes that income and distance between two partners most likely play a major role in the occurrence of trade. Despite the long hist...
Given their increasing engagement with the global economy, emerging countries such as Peru depend on their export sector. This research evaluates the level of efficiency of Peruvian exports (EF) and the impact of four regional trade agreements (RTAs)...
The adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by 166 countries since 2004 has been a major achievement in the international standardization of accounting regulations. The present paper draws on the Eclectic Paradigm as the analyt...
The primary aim of this study is to analyze the determinants of international tourist arrivals in Australia using a gravity model approach. Even though the gravity model is widely applied in tourism research, this method has not been used to analyze...
Papillary muscle (PPM) involvement in myocardial infarction (MI) increases the risk of secondary mitral valve regurgitation or PPM rupture and may be diagnosed using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging. The native T1-mapping (nT1) technique and...
The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), and the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), are key stored-product pests in Egypt and worldwide. The extensive use of synthetic insecticides has led to adverse effects on the environment, human hea...
This paper explores the feasibility and implications of developing a privacy-preserving, data-driven cloud service for predicting the energy consumption of industrial robots. Using machine learning, we evaluated three neural network architectures&mda...
The growing incorporation of environmental policy into international trade has transformed the competitiveness of export industries and raised risks for carbon-intensive products. Focusing on China’s aquatic product exports to the European Unio...
Higher-level environmental supervision is intended to strengthen local implementation, but its influence need not extend across administrative boundaries. We examine whether China’s environmental protection interviews are associated with record...
The transition to low-carbon energy systems depends on national innovation systems generating climate mitigation technologies. This study examines how environmental policy stringency and trade openness shape green patenting (IPC/CPC class Y02), using...
Remittances are one of the major driving forces of economic growth in Bangladesh. The paper’s main objective is to empirically investigate the effect of COVID-19 on the remittance inflow to Bangladesh using a gravity model framework. We have em...
This paper extends the gravity model to financial markets by examining how distance and bilateral linkages influence stock market correlations between the United States and selected emerging economies. To this end, the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likeliho...
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of environmental policies on bilateral green exports among developed and developing countries. The empirical analysis was based on the fixed-effects gravity model estimation with the PPML (Poi...
Inter-provincial migration causes dramatic changes in the population, as well as in the development of the social economy at both origin and destination, which is related to sustainable development in any country. Using inter-provincial migration dat...
China has developed many strategies to promote sustainable trade, including accelerating the signing of free-trade agreements (FTAs). However, there is a lack of studies examining the impact of FTAs on the sustainable growth of foreign trade from a h...
This study investigates how Chinese ownership in European ports affects trade flows between China and Eurozone countries, set against the backdrop of recent global economic disruptions that have emphasized the crucial role of maritime trade and port...
The continuous threat of foreign animal disease (FAD) is real and present for the U.S. swine industry. Because of this, the industry has developed plans to ensure business continuity during a FAD outbreak. A core aspect of these plans is regional sta...
Due to the ability to perform computations directly on encrypted data, homomorphic encryption (HE) has recently become an important branch of privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) implementation. Nevertheless, existing implementations of HE-base...
With reference to the existing literature, this paper investigates the heterogenous effect on the attainment of circular economy by government policies in the form of government stringency and government financial support, environmentally related inn...
With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), large volumes of sensitive data are produced from IoT devices, driving the adoption of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) to overcome their limited computational resources. However, as privacy conce...
Since 2014, economic sanctions between Russia and Western nations have significantly altered the global seafood trade. The consequent decline in bilateral trade also had spillover effects on the rest of the world (ROW). According to earlier studies,...
We investigated the effect of agreements related to climate change on bilateral trade, using the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML) estimator on a large dataset that requires computing high-dimensional fixed effects. This study develops the con...
Data are needed to train machine learning (ML) algorithms, and in many cases often include private datasets that contain sensitive information. To preserve the privacy of data used while training ML algorithms, computer scientists have widely deploye...
The main objective of this paper is to reinvestigate the impacts of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on bilateral exports among Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) countries. The study adds to the literature in two areas. First, we calculate...
This study analyzes whether ongoing liberalization has resulted in more profound trade expansion for Indonesia versus regional partner countries. A gravity model is first employed to find whether regional trade agreements resulted in more significant...
We present automatically parameterised Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) for encrypted neural network inference and exemplify our inference over FHE-compatible neural networks with our own open-source framework and reproducible examples. We use the...
The frequency and intensity of extreme weather events are increasing, yet their implications for perennial tree crops such as cocoa remain understudied. Existing cocoa-climate evidence is based on mean climate variables, discrete shocks, and concentr...
This study compares the concentration, positional persistence, institutional mobility, and performance associations observed in five major public research funding systems: NSF, NSFC, JSPS, NSERC, and NSTC. Institution-year funding records are linked...
Can national standards, as a core component of national quality infrastructure (NQI), facilitate the sustainable development of South–South trade, or do they instead create barriers to market access? We examine this question by combining China&...
Digital technologies may support environmental innovation when combined with production-specific knowledge, but green knowledge creation and realized production performance are distinct stages. Using an unbalanced panel of 280 Chinese prefecture-leve...
Using 1135 customer–supplier–year observations involving Chinese A-share listed firms and their major suppliers from 2011 to 2023, together with prefecture-level government work reports and patent-assignment records, we examine whether en...
(1) Background: As countries with troubled histories, China, Japan, and Korea have, in recent times, attempted to overcome political and economic differences in a bid to forge strong trade relationships. However, Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) have emerg...
Cultural and linguistic affinities have been studied in international business through the gravity model and economics of language. International investment theories enable the assessment of organisational, location, and internalisation motivations....
As generative AI (GenAI) technologies proliferate, ensuring trust and transparency in digital ecosystems becomes increasingly critical, particularly within democratic frameworks. This article examines decentralized Web3 mechanisms—blockchain, d...
Hyperloop ultra-high-speed transport presents a transformative opportunity for future mobility systems in smart cities. However, assessing its socio-economic impact remains challenging due to Hyperloop’s unique technological, modal, and operati...
This study examines the potential implications of the EU–Mercosur free trade agreement for the Polish horticultural sector, with particular emphasis on sustainability, trade competitiveness, and structural complementarities between the regions....
Amidst the polycrisis of 2018–2024, Asia-Pacific trade flows exhibited a structural resilience that contrasts with traditional theoretical predictions of severe trade contraction under high uncertainty. This study investigates these resilience...
of 2