With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), micro-energy storage devices face increasing demands for miniaturization, high energy density, and high power density. Owing to their excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical strengt...
The cutting properties of tools can be greatly improved by AlCrSiN coatings. The AlCrSiN coatings with nitrogen content in the range of 28.2–56.3 at.% were prepared by varying the N2/Ar flow ratio from 1/4 to 1/1. The influence of N2/Ar flow ratio on...
In this study, multi-element nitride coatings composed of (Ti, Cr, Cu, Al, Si)N were synthesized on H13 tool steel using cathodic arc deposition (CAD) technology. The N2/Ar flow ratio varied from 0 to 2 as the experimental parameter, and two targets,...
Residual stress plays a crucial role in determining the structural reliability and mechanical performance of nano-multilayers. In the present study, nano-multilayers composed of ZrOxNy and V2O3 were deposited via magnetron sputtering, with the N:Ar f...
The reactive gas flow ratio and substrate bias voltage are crucial sputtering parameters for fabricating transition metal nitride films. In this study, W–N films were prepared using sputtering with nitrogen flow ratios (f) of 0.1–0.5. W&n...
In this study, as-cast ductile iron was austempered to produce austempered ductile iron (ADI). A CrAlSiN film was then deposited on the surface of ADI specimens using the cathodic arc deposition (CAD) method. The gas flow ratio of Ar/N2 varied (2, 2....
This study deposited CrAlN coatings from Al50Cr50 targets using high-power impulse magnetron sputtering, with a focus on the effects of nitrogen content and substrate bias voltage on the deposition rate, microstructure, crystal orientation, residual...
ZrNx (x = 0.67–1.38) films were fabricated through direct current magnetron sputtering by a varying nitrogen flow ratio [N2/(Ar + N2)] ranging from 0.4 to 1.0. The structural variation, bonding characteristics, and mechanical properties of the...
A series of Tantalum Nitride (TaN) films under a reactive direct current magnetron sputtering method with a controlled total gas flow rate were prepared on aluminum oxide substrates. To find the nitrogen flow rate, which produced the minimum sheet re...
In this paper we undertake the theoretical analysis of a two-stage semiconductor thermoelectric module (TEM) which contains an arbitrary and different number of thermocouples, n1 and n2, in each stage (pyramid-styled TEM). The analysis is based on a...
The equilibrium position yep/H of a particle in a microchannel flow of Newtonian and power-law fluids with an obstacle is numerically studied using the lattice Boltzmann method in the range of the ratio of an obstacle to particle diameter 0.5 ≤ &b...
Initial fluctuation is one of the ingredients that washes fingerprints of the nuclear symmetry energy on observables in heavy-ion collisions. By artificially using the same initial nuclei in all collision events, the effect of the initial fluctuation...
As a debris-flow control and mitigation countermeasure, flexible net barriers can effectively mitigate debris flows. The control and interception characteristics of flexible net barrier play an important role in engineering design. Many influencing f...
Microreactors are essential for microchemical reactions owing to their high mass transfer efficiency, precise control of reaction time, easy amplification, and good safety performance. These characteristics provide several advantages, including short...
Titanium nitride (TiN) is a typical inorganic compound capable of achieving resistance modulation by adjusting the element ratio. In this work, to deeply investigate the resistance-tunable characteristics and electron emission properties of TiN, we p...
Self-lubricating coatings are an effective solution for achieving stable and reliable lubrication in mechanical equipment; however, most self-lubricating coatings currently available still have certain shortcomings in terms of lubricity. In this pape...
The cylindrical flow around a cylinder is present in several engineering problems. Moreover, the flow pattern around a rotating cylinder is more complex than that around a cylinder. In this paper, a rotating cylinder at different speed ratios is inve...
High-density carbon blocks are much lighter than metals and have excellent mechanical properties and are one of the materials garnering attention to replace existing metal parts. In this study, a binderless coke was produced by changing the flow rate...
The excessive H2S presence in water and wastewater can lead to corrosion, toxicity, and biological processes inhibition—i.e., anaerobic digestion. Production of H2S can occur in psychrophilic conditions. Biological removal of HS− by addition of NO3−...
This paper proposes a stage flow parameter analytical model for rapid evaluation of a counter-rotating compressor’s performance for design optimization and its application in the design of a transonic counter-rotating fan. In the first part, th...
In this article, electro-osmotic thrusters (EOTs), which are full of non-Newtonian power-law fluids with a flow behavior index n of the effective viscosity, are theoretically investigated in a microchannel. Different values of the flow behavior index...
Tantalum nitride (TaN) is a typical transition metal nitride characterized by a wide range of tunable resistivity. Low-resistance TaN even exhibits a resistivity similar to that of metals. Given that electrical resistance influences secondary electro...
The contraction/expansion laminar flow containing rodlike particles in power-law fluid is studied numerically when the particles are in a dilute phase. The fluid velocity vector and streamline of flow are given at the finite Reynolds number (Re) regi...
To explore the characteristics of overland flow resistance under the condition of sparse vegetative stem coverage and improve the basic theoretical research of overland flow, the resistance characteristics of overland flow were systematically investi...
Nitrogen foam is expected to be an effective method to extinguish large-scale fires and suppress explosions. The key to its foaming process is that gas nitrogen (N2) and a foam solution are mixed uniformly in a foam generator. Moreover, liquid nitrog...
The anisotropic flow of photons produced in relativistic nuclear collisions is known as a promising observable for studying the initial state and the subsequent evolution of the hot and dense medium formed in such collisions. The investigation of pho...
Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) has lately been extensively investigated in cancer immunotherapy due its activation of the innate immunity stimulation of interferon genes (STING) pathway within antigen presenting cells (APC) leading to an increase in tumor sp...
Packed beds are widely used in catalytic reactors or nuclear reactors. Reducing the pressure drop and improving the heat transfer performance of a packed bed is a common research aim. The dimpled structure has a complex influence on the flow and heat...
Inorganic nanopores occurring in the shale matrix have strong hydrophilicity and irreducible water (IW) film can be formed on the inner surface of the pores making gas flow mechanisms in the pores more complex. In this paper, the existence of irreduc...
Riverine concentrations and loads of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), in both dissolved and particulate fractions, are influenced by land cover and hydrologic variability. Previous studies on relationships between watershed characteristics and stream...
Age-related immune deficiencies increase the risk of comorbidities and mortality. This study evaluated immunosenescence patterns by flow cytometry of naïve and memory T cell subpopulations and the immune risk profile (IRP), expressed as the CD4/...
The second law of thermodynamics is applied to evaluate the influence of entropy generation on the performances of a cold heat exchanger of an experimental Stirling refrigeration machine by means of three factors: the entropy generation rate N S...
Carbon, a compensator in GaN, is an inherent part of the organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE) environment due to the use of organometallic sources. In this study, the impact of growth conditions are explored on the incorporation of carbon in Ga...
The present work is concerned with the experimental analysis of the thermal and hydraulic performance of Al2O3−H2O nanofluid flow in dimpled rib with arc pattern in a square duct. The Alumina nanofluid consists of nanoparticles having a size of...
The focus of this work is the study of the extractive dividing wall column (EDWC) for separating the azeotropic mixture of dipropyl ether and 1-propyl alcohol with N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) as the entrainer. Three separation sequences are investi...
In the study described herein, CrTaWNx thin films were deposited on Si and 304 stainless-steel (SUS304) substrates through magnetron co-sputtering using CrW and Ta targets. The nitrogen flow ratio (fN2 = [N2/(N2 + Ar)]) was adjusted to 0.05, 0.2, 0.4...
Oscillatory baffled flows (OBFs) provide a combined active and passive means of achieving convective heat transfer enhancement, and previous studies at large scale have demonstrated the heat transfer benefits of OBFs. To date, however, this technolog...
Introduction: Gestational diabetes (GD) is a common pregnancy metabolic disorder involving immune alterations. While there is a link between immune cells and GD, the specific roles of NKT/NK, helper/cytotoxic T, and B1/B2 lymphocyte ratios in complic...
The analysis of entropy generation provides valuable information for the design and optimization of thermal systems. Solar stills are used for water desalination and purification. Using renewable energies, they provide a sustainable solution for drin...
Determining the friction coefficients for uniform flows over very rough bottoms is a long-standing problem in open-channel hydraulics and river engineering. This experimental study presents measurements of the surface deformation as well as Darcy&nda...
The molybdenum silicon nitride (Mo–Si–N) films were deposited by a radio frequency (RF) magnetron reactive dual-gun co-sputtering technique with process control on input power and gas ratio. Composition variation, microstructure evolution...
Non-stoichiometric NbxNy coatings, produced in a reactive sputtering process, were analyzed on the basis of their chemical composition (specifically, nitrogen concentration) and its relationship with electrical conductivity. The chemical composition...
In order to obtain input data for numerical simulations of tube forming, the material properties of tubes need to be determined. A tube tensile test can only be used to measure yield stress and ultimate tensile stress. For tubes with a large diameter...
In this research paper, investigations of counter flow (opposing) jet on the aerodynamic performance, and flight stability characteristics of an airfoil with blunt leading-edge in supersonic regime are performed. Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Sto...
A thermodynamic efficiency analysis of MnFe2O4-based CO2 splitting (CDS) cycle is reported. HSC Chemistry software is used for performing the calculations allied with the model developed. By maintaining the reduction nonstoichiometry equal to 0.1, va...
Blending with light oil is a commonly used and reliable method of crude oil transportation, and the blending ratio is a crucial operating parameter in determining the safe and efficient operation of the pipeline. In this paper, in-house flow and depo...
Reciprocating piezoelectric micropumps enable miniaturization in microfluidics for lab-on-a-chip applications such as organs-on-chips (OoC). However, achieving a steady flow when using these micropumps is a significant challenge because of flow rippl...
For medium voltage applications, multilevel inverters are used. One of its classic topologies is the Cascaded H-Bridge, which requires isolated DC voltages to work. Depending on the DC voltage ratio used in the Cascaded H-bridge can be classified int...
In this paper, a Multi Relaxation Time Lattice Boltzmann scheme is used to describe the evolution of a non-Newtonian fluid. Such method is coupled with an Immersed-Boundary technique for the transport of arbitrarily shaped objects navigating the flow...
Data regarding the in-depth surface marker profiles of gastric tissue-resident lymphocytes in autoimmune and Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis are lacking. In this study, we investigated potential differences in lymphocyte composition between...
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