The trigger voltage of the direct-connected silicon-controlled rectifier (DCSCR) was effectively reduced for electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection. However, a deep NWELL (DNW) is required to isolate PWELL from P-type substrate (PSUB) in DCSCR, whi...
Continuously scaling down and decreasing operation voltages of ICs, from the 5 V TTL-compatible voltage to 3.3 V, then 1.2 V, and now 0.8 V for low-power ICs, results in more stringent electrostatic discharge protection design requirements, such as a...
This work first analyzes the failure behaviors of P-GaN HEMTs with different gate structures (Schottky gate vs. Ohmic gate) under both forward and reverse ESD stresses. It reveals that the Schottky gate structure lacks effective electrostatic charge...
Currently, a tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) is being considered as a suitable electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device in advanced technology. In addition, silicon-germanium (SiGe) engineering is shown to improve the performance of TFET...
The weak ESD-immunity problem has been deeply persecuted in ultra high-voltage (UHV) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and urgently needs to be solved. In this paper, a UHV 300 V circular n-channel (n) lateral diffused MOSF...
CMOS integrated circuits are vulnerable to electrostatic discharge (ESD); therefore, ESD protection circuits are needed. On-chip ESD protection is important for both component-level and system-level ESD protection. In this work, on-chip ESD protectio...
Silicon power diodes are used to design different types of electrical energy systems. Their performance has been improved substantially, as a result of a concentrated research efforts that have taken place in the last two decades. They are considered...
For the first time, we investigated the electrostatic discharge (ESD) behavior of an InGaAs/InP heterojunction tunneling field effect transistor (HTFET). The device structure in this study has a high on-state current without extra process steps. Unde...
In prior technology, system-level electrostatic discharge (ESD) tests under environment change conditions mainly focused on testing the effect of a high-temperature environment. i.e., the effect on internal circuits of heat generated outside. However...
This paper presents, for the first time, a comprehensive detailed design of experiment (DOE) based system level electrostatic discharge (ESD) coupling analysis of high-speed dynamic random access (DRAM) memory modules. The sensitive traces and planes...
The anti-ESD characteristic of the electronic system is paid more and more attention. Moreover, the on-chip electrostatic discharge (ESD) is necessary for integrated circuits to prevent ESD failures. In this paper, the mixed TCAD model of the ESD pro...
The tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) is a potential candidate for replacing the reverse diode and providing a secondary path in a whole-chip electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection network. In this paper, the ESD characteristics of a traditiona...
In Sentinel-1 TOPS mode, the antenna sweeps in the azimuth direction for the purpose of illuminating the targets with the entire azimuth antenna pattern (AAP). This azimuth sweeping introduces an extra high-frequency Doppler term into the impulse res...
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) failure is a major reliability problem for all forms of microelectronics products. ESD protection is required for all integrated circuits (ICs). As dimension scaling-down approaches its physical limit, heterogeneous inte...
Despite the superior working properties, GaN-based HEMTs and systems are still confronted with the threat of a transient ESD event, especially for the vulnerable gate structure of the p-GaN or MOS HEMTs. Therefore, there is still an urgent need for a...
Driven by growing electricity demand, Algeria is diversifying its energy mix with a focus on solar power. A successful transition requires robust climate analysis to guide decision makers and investments. This study investigated the influence of spec...
This study explores the curriculum development process and implementation challenges of a case school transitioning from a local to an ESD curriculum. Data were collected over 13 months through observations, interviews, and analysis of curriculum doc...
A direct bidirectional current discharge path between the input/output (I/O) and ground (GND) is essential for the robust protection of charging device models (CDM) in the tightly constrained design parameters of advanced low-voltage (LV) processes....
Background: An important component of asthma care is understanding potential causes of high asthma admissions (HAADs) or readmissions (HARDs) with potential of risk mitigation. Crucial to this research is accurately distinguishing these events from b...
Concurrently achieving high energy storage density (ESD) and efficiency has always been a big challenge for electrostatic energy storage capacitors. In this study, we successfully fabricate high-performance energy storage capacitors by using antiferr...
A power clamp circuit, which has good immunity to false trigger under fast power-on conditions with a 20 ns rising edge, is proposed in this paper. The proposed circuit has a separate detection component and an on-time control component which enable...
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) events are the main factors impacting the reliability of NAND Flash memory. The behavior of human body model (HBM) failure and the corresponding physical mechanism of 3D NAND Flash memory are investigated in this paper....
Quickly and accurately completing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) operations within narrow lumens is currently challenging because of the environment’s high flexibility, invisible collision, and natural tissue motion. This paper proposes...
This article presents a Q-methodological approach to capturing the relational structure of teacher beliefs regarding education for sustainable development (ESD). It reports on the development and pilot testing of a Q-sample designed to assess the sui...
This paper presents a 50 MHz to 5 GHz broadband gain amplifier using a 0.5 μm gallium-arsenide pseudomorphic high-electron-mobility-transistor (GaAs pHEMT). For broadband design, a high gain cascode structure with a feedback network was used. To ensu...
Evaluating and prioritizing the service quality of higher education is an essential issue for the successful implementation of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). This study investigates an evaluation framework to assess the performances of...
A common goal shared by the world is to achieve well-being for the planet—for this generation and generations to come. The world formalized this common goal when it accepted the concept of ecological sustainable development (ESD) at the 1992 Earth Su...
The Haiyang-2B (HY-2B) satellite, launched on 25 October 2018, carries both active and passive microwave sensors, including a scanning microwave Radiometer (SMR), to deliver high-precision, all-weather global observations. Sea surface temperature (SS...
Overshoot and undershoot caused by the current load impact the accuracy of the required output voltage and circuit performance. The transient response issue in existing low-dropout (LDO) regulators is a dynamic specification that must be addressed at...
Greenhouse gas emissions have become a significant concern for many countries due to their effect on the global economy and environment. This work discusses a standalone hybrid renewable generation system (HRGS) for use in isolated areas with differe...
This work proposes a novel AlGaN/GaN transient voltage suppression (TVS) diode (B-TVS-D) with bidirectional clamp capability, which consists of a small-size AlGaN/GaN monolithic bidirectional switch, two 2DEG-based current-limiting resistors (R1A/R1C...
Higher education institutions (HEIs) play a central role in fostering sustainability competencies to address environmental challenges. Within Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 frameworks, universitie...
A four-channel receiver front-end is designed and implemented for interference- and jamming-robust global navigation satellite system (GNSS) in a 0.18-μm CMOS technology. The front-end consists of four identical RF-to-IF signal paths including low...
Teacher education programs often fail to bridge the gap between sustainability knowledge and its practice, leaving pre-service teachers ill-equipped to implement Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). Addressing this knowledge–action gap,...
In direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation with sensor arrays, the background noise is usually modeled to be uncorrelated uniform white noise, such that the related algorithms can be greatly simplified by making use of the property of the noise covaria...
Critical infrastructure, such as water treatment facilities, largely relies on the effective functioning of industrial control systems (ICSs). Due to the wide adoption of high-speed network and digital infrastructure technologies, these systems are n...
This paper applies a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model that integrates the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for structured weighting of evaluation criteria with the Net Worth Analysis (NWA) method for value-based aggregation of score...
Under the dual carbon strategy and the sweeping tide of digital transformation in education, higher education confronts an urgent imperative: cultivating talent equipped with interdisciplinary skills and sustainable decision-making capabilities. To m...
Power converters are essential for solar energy systems but achieving over 96% efficiency at 1 kW and 300 kHz with compact magnetic and EMC compliance remains challenging for high-power-density PV applications. This study presents the design, modelin...
Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems constitute the majority of the demands in modern power systems for aggregated buildings. However, HVAC integrated with renewable energy sources (RES) face notable issues, such as uneven demand&...
Understanding how environmental values translate into sustainability-related decision-making is central to Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). Much of the existing literature, however, implicitly assumes that this translation operates unifor...