Sensor-based human activity recognition is now well developed, but there are still many challenges, such as insufficient accuracy in the identification of similar activities. To overcome this issue, we collect data during similar human activities usi...
Optimizing hearing in patients with a unilateral cochlear implant (CI) and contralateral acoustic hearing is a challenge. Evolutionary algorithms (EA) can explore a large set of potential solutions in a stochastic manner to approach the optimum of a...
Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) are consttablerained by three core challenges: data scarcity, individual variability, and temporal instability. To mitigate these issues, this study proposes an...
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in recruitment, performance management, and algorithmic work management, with potentially divergent implications for worker inclusion, exclusion, and discrimination. This systematic review synthesizes...
Surface freezing and thawing processes pose significant influences on surface water and energy balances, which, in turn, affect vegetation growth, soil moisture, carbon cycling, and terrestrial ecosystems. At present, the changes in surface freezing...
European cities increasingly use digital platforms, predictive analytics and artificial intelligence to allocate welfare, regulate mobility, plan public space and support security. This article examines how these systems reshape migrants’ effec...
Flow patterns in vertical wellbores are highly complex and variable. Classical theoretical models for pressure drop prediction frequently yield significant errors when applied to different geological blocks. However, existing correction models suffer...
Discriminating between surface soil freeze/thaw states with the use of passive microwave brightness temperature has been an effective approach so far. However, soil moisture has a direct impact on the brightness temperature of passive microwave remot...
In the field of video image processing, high definition is one of the main directions for future development. Faced with the curse of dimensionality caused by the increasingly large amount of ultra-high-definition video data, effective dimensionality...
Object localization is a sub-field of computer vision-based object recognition technology that identifies object classes and locations. Studies on safety management are still in their infancy, particularly those aimed at lowering occupational fatalit...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are chronic autoimmune diseases. They share similar symptoms. The lack of specific markers can lead to misdiagnosis. Using spectroscopic information on the chemical composition of body fluids ca...
Genetic variation between various plant species determines differences in their physio-chemical makeup and ultimately in their hyperspectral emissivity signatures. The hyperspectral emissivity signatures, on the one hand, account for the subtle physi...
In this study, the satellite data of ASTER and Landsat 8 OLI were used for the discrimination of lithological units covering the Khyber range. Of the 24 tested band combinations, the most suitable include 632 and 468 of ASTER and 754 and 147 of OLI i...
Traveling salesman, linear ordering, quadratic assignment, and flow shop scheduling are typical examples of permutation-based combinatorial optimization problems with real-life applications. These problems naturally represent solutions as an ordered...
This paper proposes a novel image alignment algorithm based on rotation-discriminating ring-shifted projection for automatic optical inspection. This new algorithm not only identifies the location of the template image within an inspection image but...
This study introduces a novel method for classifying sets of images, called Riemannian geodesic discriminant analysis–minimum Riemannian mean distance (RGDA-MRMD). This method first converts image data into symmetric positive definite (SPD) mat...
Thalassemia is one of the major inherited haematological disorders in the Southeast Asia region. This study explored the potential utility of red blood cell (RBC) parameters and reticulocyte cell population data (CPD) parameters in the differential d...
Chinese indigenous pig breeds have unique genetic characteristics and a rich diversity; however, effective breed identification methods have not yet been well established. In this study, a genotype file of 62,822 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs...
An electronic nose (e-nose) was used to characterize sesame oils processed by three different methods (hot-pressed, cold-pressed, and refined), as well as blends of the sesame oils and soybean oil. Seven classification and prediction methods, namely...
Probiotic bacteria are microorganisms with beneficial effects on human health and are currently used in numerous food supplements. However, no selection process is able to effectively distinguish probiotics from non-probiotic organisms on the basis o...
Decoding natural hand movements is of interest for human–computer interaction and may constitute a helpful tool in the diagnosis of motor diseases and rehabilitation monitoring. However, the accurate measurement of complex hand movements and th...
Manual material handling and load lifting are activities that can cause work-related musculoskeletal disorders. For this reason, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health proposed an equation depending on the following parameters: int...
Generative adversarial network (GAN) has been regarded as a promising solution to many machine learning problems, and it comprises of a generator and discriminator, determining patterns and anomalies in the input data. However, GANs have several comm...
Focus on fair lending has become more intensified recently as bank and non-bank lenders apply artificial-intelligence (AI)-based credit determination approaches. The data analytics technique behind AI and machine learning (ML) has proven to be powerf...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in the textures of slice images of radish subjected to lacto-fermentation. The models developed for individual color channels of images and color spaces RGB, Lab, YUV, and XYZ were used to disti...
With the Internet of Things (IoT), mobile healthcare applications can now offer a variety of dimensionalities and online services. Disease Prediction Systems (DPS) increase the speed and accuracy of diagnosis, improving the quality of healthcare serv...
As an important data analysis method in the field of machine learning and data mining, feature learning has a wide range of applications in various industries. The traditional multidimensional scaling (MDS) maintains the topology of data points in th...
The detection and level assessment of microorganisms is a practical quality/contamination indicator of food and water samples. Conventional analytical procedures (e.g., culture methods, immunological techniques, and polymerase chain reactions), while...
Food processing allows for maintaining the quality of perishable products and extending their shelf life. Nondestructive procedures combining image analysis and machine learning can be used to control the quality of processed foods. This study was ai...
Using implicit responses to determine consumers’ response to different stimuli is becoming a popular approach, but research is still needed to understand the outputs of the different technologies used to collect data. During the present researc...
Machine learning has transformed consumer credit scoring, delivering substantial gains in predictive accuracy over traditional scorecards—but whether those gains come at a cost to fairness has remained contested. The dominant assumption in the...
Location is one of the most important parameters of a self-driving car. To filter the sensor noise, we proposed the extended particle-aided unscented Kalman filter (PAUKF). Although the performance of the PAUKF improved, it still needed parameter tun...
As regulatory requirements increasingly shape automated lending decisions, fairness remains a critical challenge in high-stakes domains, particularly credit scoring. Although artificial intelligence models can achieve strong predictive performance, t...
The current state-centric analysis of Official Variety Trials (OVTs) restricts the identification of stable performance zones across political boundaries. This study employed multivariate statistical learning techniques to delineate soybean (Glycine ...
In recent decades, the Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) model has shown good potential and capability in image generation and dimensionality reduction. The combination of VAE and various machine learning frameworks has also worked effectively in differe...
Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare represents a transformative shift with substantial potential for enhancing patient care. This paper critically examines this integration, confronting significant ethical, legal, and technological...
The tropism of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) is determined by the use of either or both chemokine coreceptors CCR5 (R5) and CXCR4 (X4) for entry into the target cell. The ability of HIV-1 to bind R5 or X4 is determined primarily by...
The production of Fiore Sardo cheese is regulated by the specification of the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), which aims to guarantee the specific area of production, the know-how of local producers, and the specific use of raw milk from Sarda...
The deployment of emotion-recognition technologies expands across healthcare education and gaming sectors to improve human–computer interaction. These systems examine facial expressions together with vocal tone and physiological signals, which...
Background: Essential tremor (ET) is among the most common neurological disorders, requiring precise diagnosis and severity assessment for personalized and effective management. Methods: This study explores an innovative approach to evaluate ET sever...
European Union legislation, particularly Council Directive 2004/113/EC, mandates gender neutrality in credit scoring to prevent discrimination. However, this creates a regulatory paradox if gender is a statistically relevant predictor of default risk...
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) play crucial roles in various cell functions and biological processes. Protein hydroxylation is one type of PTM that usually occurs at the sites of proline and lysine. Given an uncharacterized protein sequence,...
Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) has been reported to cause complicated infections. Subspecies identification of MABC is crucial for adequate treatment due to different antimicrobial resistance properties amid subspecies. However, long incubati...
To realize the classification of lubricating oil types using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used for the dimensionality reduction of spectrum data, and the classification model was established based on the sup...
BACKGROUND: Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) and early clinical stage malignant adnexal masses can make sonographic diagnosis challenging, while the clinical utility of tumor markers, e.g., CA125 and HE4, or the ROMA algorithm, remains controversial...
(1) Background: Calculation of vessel density in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images with thresholding algorithms varies in clinical routine. The ability to discriminate healthy from diseased eyes based on perfusion of the posterio...
Background: Modern implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) utilize single-chamber (SC) or dual-chamber (DC) discrimination algorithms to differentiate between tachyarrhythmias and minimize the risk of inappropriate therapies. While modern SC a...
In this paper, a deep learning-based traffic state discrimination method is proposed to detect traffic congestion at urban intersections. The detection algorithm includes two parts, global speed detection and a traffic state discrimination algorithm....
In this paper, with the aim of performing joint multi-target localization and discrimination tasks, a performance-driven resource allocation scheme is proposed. In the first, by establishing the signal model under deception jamming and utilizing the...
Speech and singing voice discrimination is an important task in the speech processing area given that each type of voice requires different information retrieval and signal processing techniques. This discrimination task is hard even for humans depen...
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