Point machines are the actuators for railway switching and crossing systems that guide trains from one track to another. Hence, the safe and reliable behavior of point machines are pivotal for rail transportation. Recently, scholars and researchers h...
Over the past decade, 3D printing technology has been leading the manufacturing revolution. A recent development in the field of 3D printing has added time as a fourth dimension to obtain 4D printing parts. A fabricated design created by 3D printing...
Mechanical vibrational energy, which is provided by continuous or discontinuous motion, is an infinite source of energy that may be found anywhere. This source may be utilized to generate electricity to replenish batteries or directly power electrica...
Robots are expanding from industrial applications to daily life, in areas such as medical robotics, rehabilitative robotics, social robotics, and mobile/aerial robotics systems. In recent years, augmented reality (AR) has been integrated into many ro...
Piezoelectric ceramic actuators have the advantages of fast response speed and high positioning accuracy and are widely used in micro-machinery, aerospace, precision machining machinery, and other precision positioning fields. However, hysteretic non...
Magnetorheological (MR) materials are a group of smart materials used in new technologies with controlled reliability. The development of these materials is expanding, starting from MR fluids, elastomers, grease, and gel. This large number of materia...
The flexoelectric effect, which exists in all dielectrics, is an electromechanical effect that arises due to the coupling of strain gradients (or electric field gradients) with electric polarization (or mechanical stress). Numerous experimental studi...
Digitalization shapes the ways of learning, working, and entertainment. The Internet, which enables us to connect and socialize is evolving to become the metaverse, a post-reality universe, enabling virtual life parallel to reality. In addition to ga...
Position control of servo motor systems is a challenging task because of inevitable factors such as uncertainties, nonlinearities, parametric variations, and external perturbations. In this article, to alleviate the above issues, a practical adaptive...
In recent years, there has been an increase in the development of medical robots to enhance interventional MRI-guided therapies and operations. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) surgical robots are particularly attractive due to their ability to provi...
Piezoelectric materials are a class of materials that can generate an electric charge when subjected to mechanical stress, or vice versa. These materials have a wide range of applications, from sensors and actuators to energy-harvesting devices and m...
To overcome the limitations of the sparrow search algorithm and the challenges of dynamic obstacle avoidance in mobile robots, an integrated method combining the enhanced sparrow search algorithm with the dynamic window approach is introduced. First,...
Dielectric elastomer transducers (DETs) consist of thin elastomer films and compliant conductive electrodes on each side. Several DE-based systems, e.g., DE actuators, loudspeakers or sensors, have great potential in industrial applications. Differen...
Soft Pneumatic-Network (Pneu-Net) Actuators (SPAs) have been used extensively in making soft grippers, due to their simple driving forms and large bending deformation. However, the capabilities of the regular SPAs in complex soft gripping application...
Rigid robots have found wide-ranging applications in manufacturing automation, owing to their high loading capacity, high speed, and high precision. Nevertheless, these robots typically feature joint-based drive mechanisms, possessing limited degrees...
A magnetic-controlled flexible continuum robot (MFCR) is a kind of continuum robot with small-size and flexibility that deforms under controlled magnetic fields, which makes MFCRs easy to fit in special sizes and designs and provides them with the ab...
This review investigates the opportunities and challenges of interdisciplinary research in upper limb prosthetic (ULP) socket design and manufacturing, which is crucial for improving the lives of individuals with limb loss. By integrating various dis...
Dielectric elastomer sensors (DESs) have been known as highly stretchable strain sensors for about two decades. They are composite films consisting of alternating dielectric and electrode layers. Their electrical capacitance between the electrodes is...
The introduction of smart materials will become increasingly relevant as biomedical technologies progress. Smart materials sense and respond to external stimuli (e.g., chemical, electrical, mechanical, or magnetic signals) or environmental circumstan...
Haptic technology that provides tactile sensation feedback by utilizing actuators to achieve the purpose of human–computer interaction is obtaining increasing applications in electronic devices. This review covers four kinds of electromechanica...
After the catastrophic destruction of the October 2005 Kashmir earthquake, the first building code of Pakistan was developed in 2007. The sole purpose of the building code of Pakistan (BCP) was to incorporate advancements in earthquake-resistant desi...
Soft robotics are attractive to researchers and developers due to their potential for biomimicry applications across a myriad of fields, including biomedicine (e.g., surgery), the film industry (e.g., animatronics), ecology (e.g., physical ‘ani...
Hand paralysis, caused by conditions such as spinal cord injuries, strokes, and arthritis, significantly hinders daily activities. Wearable exo-gloves and telerehabilitation offer effective hand training solutions to aid the recovery process. This st...
The traditional tool center point (TCP) calibration method requires the operator to use their experience to set the actual position of the tool center point. To address this lengthy workflow and low accuracy, while improving accuracy and efficiency f...
Permanent magnet eddy current couplers (PMECCs) have the characteristics of contactless torque transmission, removal of torque ripple, smooth dynamic process, and adjustable speed, and can be used as couplings, dampers, brakes, and speed governors. T...
Soft robots offer a number of advantages over traditional rigid robots in applications such as minimally invasive surgery, where safety and dexterity are required. In previous works, the STIFF-FLOP manipulator has been introduced as a new concept of...
This tutorial reviews the author’s contributions to the active control of precision space structures over the past 35 years. It is based on the Santini lecture presented at the IAC-2022 Astronautical Congress in Paris in September 2022. The fir...
This paper aims to develop a visual servo control of a robotic manipulator for cherry tomato harvesting. In the robotic manipulator, an RGB-depth camera was mounted to the end effector to acquire the poses of the target cherry tomatoes in space. The...
Clamping force control is one of the key technologies in the algorithm design and implementation of electro-mechanical braking system, whose control effects directly affect the vehicle braking performance and safety performance. In order to improve t...
This systematic review explores recent advancements in control methods for rehabilitation exoskeleton robots, which assist individuals with motor impairments through guided movement. As robotics technology progresses, precise, adaptable, and safe con...
This paper focuses on the implementation of Industry 4.0-based maintenance approaches using AR technology. The primary objective is to highlight the benefits of AR in maintenance and provide a framework for implementing AR-based maintenance systems....
Exoskeletons are being explored for assisting motion therapy for neurological impairment-related rehabilitation. Soft robotic exoskeletons are gaining more attention for upper-extremity applications due to their simplistic actuation mechanisms and co...
This paper presents a novel approach to address the challenges associated with the trajectory tracking control of wheeled mobile robots (WMRs). The proposed control approach is based on an indirect adaptive control PID using a neural network and disc...
The ankle joint (AJ) is a crucial joint in daily life, responsible for providing stability, mobility, and support to the lower limbs during routine activities such as walking, jumping, and running. Ankle joint injuries can occur due to sudden twists...
Modern spacecraft usually have larger and more flexible appendages whose vibration becomes more and more prominent, and it has a great influence on the precision of spacecraft attitude. Therefore, the cooperative control of attitude maneuvering and s...
In this study, a novel field-oriented control (FOC) algorithm was proposed in a 60° coordinate system for controlling the speed of permanent magnet synchronous motors. The FOC algorithm consists of several parts in which the reference currents an...
In this paper, we propose a novel method for planning grinding trajectories on curved surfaces to improve the grinding efficiency of large aluminum alloy surfaces with welds and defect areas. Our method consists of three parts. Firstly, we introduce...
Fault-tolerant control of a three-phase inverter can be achieved by performing a hardware reconfiguration of the six-switch and three-phase (6S3P) topology to the four-switch and three-phase (4S3P) topology after detection and localisation of the fau...
Exoskeleton robots hold promising prospects for rehabilitation training in individuals with weakened muscular conditions. However, achieving improved human–machine interaction and delivering customized assistance remains a challenging task. Thi...
Soft robots distinguish themselves from traditional robots by embracing flexible kinematics. Because of their recent emergence, there exist numerous uncharted territories, including novel actuators, manufacturing processes, and advanced control metho...
A cellulose-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with fiber–wave–arch structure was prepared through a multi-fluid electrospinning process for air filtration and wind sensing. The TENG is composed of a cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)/zei...
The automotive industry is continuously looking for innovative solutions to improve vehicle aerodynamics and efficiency. The research introduces a significant breakthrough in the field of automotive aerodynamics by employing shape memory alloys as bi...
This journal review article focuses on the use of assistive and rehabilitative exoskeletons as a new opportunity for individuals with diminished mobility. The article aims to identify gaps and inconsistencies in state-of-the-art assistive and rehabil...
This paper aims to highlight the critical role of robot manipulators in industrial applications and elucidate the challenges associated with achieving high-precision control. In particular, the detrimental effects of nonlinear friction on manipulator...
Visual servoing is widely used in the peg-in-hole assembly due to the uncertainty of pose. Humans can easily align the peg with the hole according to key visual points/edges. By imitating human behavior, we propose P2HNet, a learning-based neural net...
As automation is spreading in all the industry domains, the presence of robots is becoming unavoidable inside factories, warehouses and manufacturing facilities. Although a great number of companies and research institutions have concentrated their e...
To improve the starting performance of the P2.5 plug-in hybrid electric vehicles with a wet dual-clutch transmission, an adaptive starting control strategy is presented in this paper, which controls the two clutches simultaneously involved in the sta...
This study provides simulation and experimental results on techniques for avoiding static and dynamic obstacles using a deep Q-learning (DQL) reinforcement learning algorithm for a two-wheel mobile robot with independent control. This method integrat...
Most existing ESC (electronic stability control) and ADS (auto drive system) stability controls rely on the measurement of yaw rate and sideslip angle. However, the existing sensors are too expensive, which is one of the factors that makes it difficu...
This review will examine the rapidly growing field of soft robotics, with a special emphasis on soft robotic actuators and their applications in bioengineering. Bioengineering has increasingly utilized soft robotics due to their mechanical adaptabili...
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