Energies, Volume 18, Issue 23

This Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) are emerging as promising alternatives to conventional horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs) for renewable energy generation, particularly in urban and offshore environments. Despite increasing interest, a com...

In this study, the evolved gas analysis of polypropylene (PP), mixed wood biomass (WB), cardboard (CB), and their blends was investigated using a coupled thermo-gravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) approa...

This study presents an integrated experimental–modeling investigation of the thermal behavior of a multistage centrifugal refrigerant pump in solar ejector refrigeration systems (SERS). A temperature-rise prediction model is formulated strictly...

Thermal energy storage using latent heat storage materials represents a promising solution for stabilizing low-temperature energy systems; however, its effectiveness is limited by the low thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCM), particul...

Battery energy storage systems can mitigate power fluctuations and enhance system reliability; however, cell-to-cell inconsistencies and aging in large-capacity battery packs can lead to imbalance. To address the limitations of passive balancing, whi...

This paper presents a comprehensive methodology to forecast the daily energy demand associated with recharging private electric vehicles in urban areas. The approach is based on plausible scenarios regarding the penetration of battery-powered vehicle...

This paper presents the results of research on the effect of temperature on damage processes occurring in power MOSFETs. The impact of changes in the activation energy of selected mechanisms initiating the damage process in power MOSFETs during conti...

Accurate and real-time state of charge (SOC) monitoring is critical for the safe, efficient, and stable long-term operation of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). Traditional monitoring methods are susceptible to errors arising from side reactions...

Gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) serves as the core equipment in substations. Its partial discharge detection requires ultrasonic sensors to be precisely aligned with millimeter-level measurement points. However, existing technologies face three major...

Due to the dominance of renewable energy sources and DC loads, modern power distribution systems are undergoing a transformative shift toward DC microgrids. Therefore, this article is structured to present information on the design, optimization, con...

In heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, chiller power model prediction is crucial for control and improving energy efficiency. However, in practical engineering scenarios, the chilled water supply temperature, chilled water flow...

Sustainable urban energy is based on innovative solar and wind solutions. The paper presents such a hybrid solar–wind system, which is easy to place on building terraces, highlighting the advantages of this technical solution: energy production...

Powered by high-efficiency thermophotovoltaics and developed through economics-by-design analysis, a promising, optimized design was selected for the radiantly integrated TPV–microreactor system. However, the novelty of the conversion system, t...

Agrivoltaic (APV) systems co-locate agricultural production and photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation on the same land to maximize land use efficiency. This study proposes an integrated assessment framework that jointly evaluates crop yield and el...

The article deals with the creation of a calibration model of lactic acid content in an aqueous solution. The research concept included the preparation of a control tool for the process of modifying the properties of the food fraction for methane fer...

The penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as photovoltaic (PV) generation and electric vehicles (EVs), in distribution systems has been increasing rapidly. At the same time, load demand is rising due to the proliferation of data ce...

In the original publication [...]

One of the most important goals in developing centrifugal pumps for liquid hydrogen transport is to minimize the temperature rise of the working fluid caused by internal and external heat sources during operation. In this paper, as part of our evalua...

To address the challenges of renewable energy curtailment under normal conditions and severe power outages under extreme scenarios, this paper proposes a hydrogen-integrated comprehensive energy system (H-IES) configuration method aimed at enhancing...

Underground gas storage (UGS), encompassing hydrogen, natural gas, and compressed air, is a cornerstone of large-scale energy transition strategies, offering seasonal balancing, security of supply, and integration with renewable energy systems. Howev...

To reduce the impact of extreme natural disasters on urban distribution networks and improve the interpretability of planning decisions, this paper proposes a distributionally robust planning strategy for distribution networks that considers decision...

The chosen topic—artificial intelligence and energy security—is of profound relevance, representing one of the key trajectories in contemporary technological and socio-economic development [...]

The synthesis and electrocatalytic properties of amorphous first- and third-row transition metal sulfides (a-TMS) for green hydrogen generation have been comprehensively reviewed. These electrocatalysts can be prepared by several solution processes,...

The hybrid energy storage system (HESS) significantly improves the dynamic response and energy utilization efficiency of the propulsion system in fuel cell vessels while maintaining the stability of the power grid. To address the issue of inaccurate...

In the fight against growing energy poverty in Europe, remote and rural areas are most affected but play a crucial role in promoting a fair and sustainable transition. Furthermore, energy communities have been recognized as cost-efficient options and...

This paper investigates how the existing pellet plant of the Energy Community of Karditsa (ESEK) can be leveraged to strengthen RESCoop operations by integrating a variety of biomass feedstocks as (i) urban residual biomass, (ii) forest residues, and...

Utilizing microfluidic models, this review synthesizes experimental and simulation insights into the pore-scale behavior of hydrates during formation and decomposition in porous media. It outlines the fundamental characteristics of CO₂ hydrates and t...

Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation has become an important source of global renewable energy. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon PV modules decreases as their surface temperature rises, while excessively high operati...

As distributed power sources, agricultural electrical equipment, and user-side energy storage are scaled up in rural distribution networks, agricultural integrated energy systems play a key role in promoting distributed energy accommodation and econo...

It is well established that solar cells convert solar energy into electrical energy, thereby contributing to environmental sustainability by reducing dependence on fossil fuels. In the present study, thin films composed of different materials were em...

The increasing integration of renewable energy into transmission grids requires accurate short-term wind forecasting to optimize Dynamic Line Rating systems, yet numerical weather prediction (NWP) models alone show insufficient accuracy for energy ma...

High-voltage (HV) bushings are critical hub components in power systems, whose operational reliability is paramount to the safety and stability of transmission and distribution infrastructure. Conventional management paradigms are hampered by challen...

Driven by the global energy transition and carbon-neutrality goals, virtual power plants (VPPs) are expected to aggregate distributed energy resources and participate in multiple electricity markets while achieving economic efficiency and low carbon...

High penetration of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation introduces operational challenges for thermal power plants, including increased cycling, higher losses, and reduced system flexibility. This study proposes an integrated optimization framew...

The aim of the paper is to recognize the role of external institutions in supporting the Transport, Shipping, and Logistics (TSL) sector in the transformation towards sustainable and low-emission operations in Poland. In the context of the EU’s...

In the analysis of electric vehicle (EV) energy consumption, three main approaches are commonly used: physics-based models, artificial intelligence (AI) models, and hybrid frameworks that combine both. This combination enables more accurate estimatio...

The proliferation of power converters in modern energy production systems has led to increased harmonic content due to the commutation of active switching devices. This increase in harmonics contributes to lower system efficiency, reduced power facto...

Coalbed methane (CBM) is an unconventional natural gas primarily stored in coal seams. The efficient recovery of CBM mainly depends on the desorption and diffusion process. In this study, a stepwise wetting–corrosion method employing a combinat...

The increasing penetration of microgrids (MGs) in modern power distribution systems requires advanced operational strategies to ensure both economic efficiency and technical reliability. This study developed an optimal economic framework for battery...

Cracked ammonia is attracting attention as a carbon-free energy carrier, yet trace residual ammonia after reforming can significantly affect nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. This study quantifies how residual ammonia from 0 to 10,000 ppm affects NOx f...

Heavy-duty vehicles cause a significant percentage of the harmful gas emissions from the automotive industry. This article presents the development of a compression system for hydrogen as part of the H2REF-DEMO hydrogen refueling station, joining the...

The objective of this article is to evaluate the viability of implementing the Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) methodology in the design and construction of complex wooden structures with non-standard geometry. The present study incorpor...

Urban densification intensifies urban heat islands (UHIs), leading to higher temperatures in cities which negatively affect residents’ health and comfort and increase energy consumption for air conditioning, thereby raising carbon emissions. Re...

Unsteady simulations were performed to investigate hot spot migration in an annular recirculation combustor equipped with two different swirler configurations. The Scale-Adaptive Simulation (SAS) turbulence model was applied, using steady-state resul...

This article aims to identify changes in the components of pellet supply chain management (SCM). The following research question is explored: To what extent are pellet supply chains changing? A research gap was identified in the use of pellets for en...

Wind power has become a strategic cornerstone of China’s renewable-energy transition and industrial upgrading, making it essential to understand how policy interventions shape the behaviour of its industry chain. This study examines how major w...

This study establishes the Construction Embodied Energy and Emissions Index (CEEEI) to assess the comprehensive environmental impacts of construction work in 148 countries from 2000 to 2023. The index combines data on material, energy, and carbon int...

Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) represent a promising class of carbon nanomaterials bridging the gap between graphite and monolayer graphene. Their unique combination of high electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, mechanical strength, an...

Magnetorheological (MR) dampers provide tunable, fast-response damping for semi-active suspension systems. However, their nonlinear flow behavior can limit stability and energy efficiency under broadband road excitation. This study proposes an additi...

Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) using inorganic salt hydrates is a promising technology for buffering renewable energy fluctuations; however, phase-dependent heat transfer remains insufficiently understood for design optimization. In this...