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  • Article
  • Open Access

Modeling Energy Storage Systems for Cooperation with PV Installations in BIPV Applications

  • Grzegorz Trzmiel,
  • Damian Głuchy,
  • Stanisław Mikulski,
  • Nikodem Sowinski and
  • Leszek Kasprzyk
Energies2025, 18(24), 6546;https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246546 
(registering DOI)

14 December 2025

The main objective of this article is to model, simulate, and analyze the interaction of energy storage systems with BIPV installations. Currently, due to the instability of energy generation, the economic challenges of integrating PV installations i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Energies2025, 18(24), 6545;https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246545 
(registering DOI)

14 December 2025

Lignocellulosic biomass wastes are renewable carbon resources that can be available for conversion into biofuels. There is a growing interest in utilizing a broader range of alternative biomass feedstocks such as agri-crop residues aside from the tra...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Energies2025, 18(24), 6544;https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246544 
(registering DOI)

14 December 2025

The compression–absorption cascade refrigeration cycle (CACRC) has attracted considerable interest due to its advantages of decreasing electricity consumption and enhancing efficiency of energy utilization. To further reduce irreversibility and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Energies2025, 18(24), 6543;https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246543 
(registering DOI)

14 December 2025

Integrated hydro-wind-solar-storage (HWSS) bases are pivotal for advancing new power systems under the low carbon goals. However, the independent decision-making of diverse generation investors, coupled with limited transmission capacity, often leads...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Energies2025, 18(24), 6542;https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246542 
(registering DOI)

14 December 2025

Market power remains a persistent challenge in liberalized electricity spot markets, where generators can manipulate bids to distort prices and extract rents. Traditional monitoring approaches—such as structural indices or simulation-based mode...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Energies2025, 18(24), 6541;https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246541 
(registering DOI)

14 December 2025

In power systems with a high penetration of renewable energy, integrating battery energy storage systems can enhance frequency regulation capabilities. However, in “islanded” operation mode, the lack of large grid interconnection support...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Energies2025, 18(24), 6540;https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246540 
(registering DOI)

14 December 2025

Power semiconductor devices are fundamental components in modern electronic power conversion. In applications demanding high power density and efficiency, the choice between silicon (Si) IGBTs and Silicon Carbide (SiC) MOSFETs is critical. SiC MOSFET...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Energies2025, 18(24), 6539;https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246539 
(registering DOI)

13 December 2025

This paper develops a compact and scalable mathematical model of an AC circuit with an uncontrolled diode bridge rectifier, formulated using dimensionless variables. The model captures the joint influence of supply inductance, resistance, and load pa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Energies2025, 18(24), 6534;https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246534 
(registering DOI)

13 December 2025

The high energy consumption characteristics across all segments of the agricultural supply chain, coupled with rural areas’ excessive reliance on traditional power grids and fossil fuel-based energy supply models, not only result in persistentl...

  • Review
  • Open Access
Energies2025, 18(24), 6538;https://doi.org/10.3390/en18246538 
(registering DOI)

13 December 2025

The chemical looping steam methane reforming (CL-SMR) process is an efficient and low-carbon hydrogen production technology. It enables high-efficiency methane conversion and inherent CO2 separation through the cyclic utilization of oxygen carriers....

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Energies - ISSN 1996-1073