Since the advent of super-resolution microscopy, countless approaches and studies have been published contributing significantly to our understanding of cellular processes. With the aid of chromatin-specific fluorescence labeling techniques, we are g...
Optical methods of super-resolution microscopy, such as confocal microscopy, structured illumination, nonlinear microscopy, and image scanning microscopy are reviewed. These methods avoid strong invasive interaction with a sample, allowing the observ...
Conventional fluorescence microscopy is limited by the optical diffraction of light, which results in a spatial resolution of about half of the light’s wavelength, approximately to 250–300 nm. The spatial resolution restricts the utilizat...
We recently assisted in a revolution in the realm of fluorescence microscopy triggered by the advent of super-resolution techniques that surpass the classic diffraction limit barrier. By providing optical images with nanometer resolution in the far f...
With the advent of super-resolution microscopy, we gained a powerful toolbox to bridge the gap between the cellular- and molecular-level analysis of living organisms. Although nanoscopy is broadly applicable, classical model organisms, such as fruit...
It is difficult to observe the molecular choreography between viruses and host cell components, as they exist on a spatial scale beyond the reach of conventional microscopy. However, novel super-resolution microscopy techniques have cast aside techni...
Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) is an optical fluorescence microscopy method which is suitable for imaging a wide variety of cells and tissues in biological and biomedical research. Typically, SIM methods use high spatial...
Super-resolution microscopies, such as single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), allow the visualization of biomolecules at the nanoscale. The requirement to observe molecules multiple times during an acquisition has pushed the field to explore...
To overcome the diffraction limit and resolve target structures in greater detail, far-field super-resolution techniques such as stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) have been developed, and different STORM algorithms have been develo...
Blood cell analysis is essential for the diagnosis and identification of hematological malignancies. The use of digital microscopy systems has been extended in clinical laboratories. Super-resolution microscopy (SRM) has attracted wide attention in t...
The resolution of conventional optical microscopy is restricted by the diffraction limit. Light waves containing higher-frequency information about the sample are bound to the sample surface and cannot be collected by far-field optical microscopy. To...
Interorganelle membrane contact sites (MCS) are areas of close vicinity between the membranes of two organelles that are maintained by protein tethers. Recently, a significant research effort has been made to study MCS, as they are implicated in a wi...
Here, we present a simple and robust experimental setup for the super-resolution live cell microscopy of membrane-proximal fluorophores, which is comparably easy to perform and to implement. The method is based on Structured Illumination Microscopy (...
Lignocellulosic biomass is a complex network of polymers making up the cell walls of plants. It represents a feedstock of sustainable resources to be converted into fuels, chemicals, and materials. Because of its complex architecture, lignocellulose...
With an estimated three to five million human cases annually and the potential to infect domestic and wild animal populations, influenza viruses are one of the greatest health and economic burdens to our society, and pose an ongoing threat of large-s...
Super-resolution microscopy (SRM) has revolutionized our understanding of subcellular structures, including cell organelles and viruses. For human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), SRM has significantly advanced knowledge of viral structural biology and...
The genomes of metazoans are organized at multiple spatial scales, ranging from the double helix of DNA to whole chromosomes. The intermediate genomic scale of kilobases to megabases, which corresponds to the 50–300 nm spatial scale, is particu...
Molecular assembly is promising in the construction of advanced materials, obtaining structures with specific functions. In-depth investigation of the relationships between the formation, dynamics, structure, and functionality of the specific molecul...
Single Layer Graphene (SLG) has emerged as a critically important nanomaterial due to its unique optical and electrical properties and has become a potential candidate for biomedical applications, biosensors, and tissue engineering. Due to its intrin...
For decades, terahertz (THz) microscopic imaging has been limited by the resolution of the system due to the larger wavelength, the power of the source, and the equivalent noise power of the detector, so a lot of research has focused on single-point...
Blind super-resolution algorithms based on diffusion models still face significant challenges at the current stage, including high computational cost, long inference time, and limited cross domain generalization ability. This paper aims to apply supe...
We present a novel experimental setup in which magnetic and optical tweezers are combined for torque and force transduction onto single filamentous molecules in a transverse configuration to allow simultaneous mechanical measurement and manipulation....
The purpose of this study was to propose a deep learning-based model for the super-resolution reconstruction of stained light microscopy images. To achieve this, perceptual loss was applied to the generator to reflect multichannel signal intensity, d...
Accurate and label-free quantitative phase imaging (QPI) plays a crucial role in advancing diagnostic techniques that streamline histology and diagnostic procedures by minimizing sample preparation time, resources, and requirements. Although Digital...
Understanding molecular interactions and regulatory mechanisms in tumor initiation, progression, and treatment response are key requirements towards advanced cancer diagnosis and novel treatment procedures in personalized medicine. Beyond decoding th...
Amber is known as one of the best sources of fossil organisms preserved with exceptional fidelity. Historically, different methods of imaging have been applied to amber, including optical microscopy and microtomography. These methods are sufficient t...
Lipids are spatiotemporally organized in cell membranes, where they play indispensable roles in regulating diverse biological processes. Their distribution and dynamics are intricately coupled to signal transduction, membrane trafficking, and host&nd...
Imaging of the ocular vasculature can provide new insights into the pathophysiology of ocular diseases. This study proposes a novel high-frequency super-resolution ultrasound localization microscopy (SRULM) technique and evaluates its ability to meas...
The ongoing threat of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) requires continued, detailed investigations of its replication cycle, especially when combined with the most physiologically relevant, fully infectious model systems. Here, we demonstrate the...
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) plays a crucial role in the characterization of nanoparticles. Unfortunately, due to the limited resolution, existing imaging techniques are insufficient to display all detailed characteristics at the nanoscale. Har...
The resolution of an optical microscope is determined by the overall point spread function of the system. When examining structures significantly smaller than the wavelength of light, the contribution of the background or surrounding environment can...
A method for the analysis of super-resolution microscopy images is presented. This method is based on the analysis of stochastic trajectories of particles moving on the membrane of a cell with the assumption that this motion is determined by the prop...
SUMOylation of proteins plays a key role in modulating neuronal function. For this reason, the balance between protein SUMOylation and deSUMOylation requires fine regulation to guarantee the homeostasis of neural tissue. While extensive research has...
Ion-radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks can lead to severe cellular damage ranging from mutations up to direct cell death. The interplay between the chromatin surrounding the damage and the proteins responsible for damage recognition and repai...
Expansion microscopy has recently emerged as an alternative technique for achieving high-resolution imaging of biological structures. Improvements in resolution are achieved by physically expanding samples through embedding in a swellable hydrogel be...
The importance of fluorescence light microscopy for understanding cellular and sub-cellular structures and functions is undeniable. However, the resolution is limited by light diffraction (~200–250 nm laterally, ~500–700 nm axially). Meanwhile, super...
Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) with π/2 phase-shift modulation traditionally relies on frequency-domain computation, which greatly limits processing efficiency. In addition, the illumination regime inherent in structured illumination tec...
This study presents an advanced integration of Multi-modal Raman Light Sheet Microscopy with zero-shot learning-based computational methods to significantly enhance the resolution and analysis of complex three-dimensional biological structures, such...
Microsphere-assisted microscopy serves as an effective super-resolution technique in biological observations and nanostructure detections, and optical trapping is widely used for the manipulation of small particles like microspheres. In this study, w...
We review fluorescent probes that can be photoswitched or photoactivated and are suited for single-molecule localization based super-resolution microscopy. We exploit the underlying photochemical mechanisms that allow photoswitching of many synthetic...
The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 inhibits the growth of the major human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), but the mechanism of the peptide–pathogen interaction inside human macrophages remains unclear. Super-resolution imaging technique...
Total internal reflection fluorescence–structured illumination microscopy (TIRF-SIM) can enhance the lateral resolution of fluorescence microscopy to twice the diffraction limit, enabling subtler observations of activity in subcellular life. Ho...
Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy is a typical laser-scanning super-resolution imaging technology, the emergence of which has opened a new research window for studying the dynamic processes of live biological samples on a nanometer scal...
Optical nanoscopy, also known as super-resolution optical microscopy, has provided scientists with the means to surpass the diffraction limit of light microscopy and attain new insights into nanoscopic structures and processes that were previously in...
Centromeres are essential for proper chromosome segregation to the daughter cells during mitosis and meiosis. Chromosomes of most eukaryotes studied so far have regional centromeres that form primary constrictions on metaphase chromosomes. These mono...
Progress in developing fluorescent probes, such as fluorescent proteins, organic dyes, and fluorescent nanoparticles, is inseparable from the advancement in optical fluorescence microscopy. Super-resolution microscopy, or optical nanoscopy, overcame...
Synapse structures, including neuronal and immunological synapses, can be seen as the plasma membrane contact sites between two individual cells where information is transmitted from one cell to the other. The distance between the two plasma membrane...
We report on the synthesis of two fluorescent probes which can be activated by β-Galactosidase (β-Gal) enzymes and/or light. The probes contained 2-nitro-4-oxybenzyl and 3-nitro-4-oxybenzyl fragments, with β-Gal residues linked to C-4....
The tight junction (TJ) and the adherens junction (AJ) bridge the paracellular cleft of epithelial and endothelial cells. In addition to their role as protective barriers against bacteria and their toxins they maintain ion homeostasis, cell polarity,...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), secreted from most cells, are small lipid membranes of vesicles of 30 to 1000 nm in diameter and contain nucleic acids, proteins, and intracellular organelles originating from donor cells. EVs play pivotal roles in inter...
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