The diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) progression based on structural imaging such as color fundus photos (CFPs) is challenging due to the limited number of early biomarkers, as commonly determined by clinicians, and the inherent variab...
Objectives: The goal was to study the ellipsoid zone (EZ) as a structural biomarker for final visual outcomes after pharmacological intervention in center-involving diabetic macular edema (DME) and surgical intervention for full-thickness macular hol...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and disproportionately affects women, who experience a higher lifetime risk and more rapid structural brain changes than men. Reliable imaging biomarkers are essential for detecting thes...
Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness, poses a significant global health burden. Early detection is crucial for effective management and prevention of vision loss. This study presents a collection of novel structural biomarkers in glauc...
Structural biomarkers determined by X-ray scattering of the tissues can complement conventional diagnostics and provide a pathway for early detection of diseases. In the present study, mouse models were utilized to observe the progression of prostate...
With breast cancer being one of the most widespread causes of death for women, there is an unmet need for its early detection. For this purpose, we propose a non-invasive approach based on X-ray scattering. We measured samples from 107 unique patient...
Background: Idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) is a common retinal pathology in elderly patients, thought to originate primarily from an anomalous process of posterior vitreous detachment. The standard treatment is pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with...
A tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) is a special component in the immune microenvironment that is mainly composed of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), including T cells, B cells, DC cells, and high endothelial venules (HEVs). For cancer patients...
Background: Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is a dynamic remodeling process characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, fibroblast activation, and dysregulated matrix turnover. Although initially reparative, persistent fibrotic remodel...
Background: Soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs) are rare and heterogeneous malignancies with generally poor and unpredictable prognosis. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) have been identified as favorable prognostic indicators in several cancer types, yet...
Alzheimer’s disease accounts for approximately 50% to 80% of all causes of dementia. Co-existence of AD with other diseases causing dementia poses a diagnostic challenge, as we are still far from diagnosing AD accurately in order to manage it a...
Background/Objectives: Whole body vibration (WBV) is a valuable tool to mitigate physiological adaptations related to age and inactivity. Although significant benefits have been found at the musculoskeletal level, including increased bone mass and re...
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between lipids with different structural features and lung cancer (LC) risk and identify prospective biomarkers of LC. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to screen for differen...
Spondyloarthritis represents a group of chronic immune-mediated rheumatic diseases that manifest as peripheral or axial musculoskeletal involvement. In axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), the milestones of structural damage are represented by inflammati...
A label-free biosensor based on a tunable MEMS metamaterial structure is proposed in this paper. The adopted structure is a one-dimensional array of metamaterial gratings with movable and fixed fingers. The moving unit of the optical detection system...
As the number of new breast cancer cases grows around the world, there is an unmet need for fast, accurate, and low-cost methods of early cancer detection. It was previously shown that X-ray scattering on lipid molecules can provide the necessary str...
Artificial diets are increasingly utilized in sericulture, yet they often yield cocoons with properties that differ from those produced by mulberry leaf-fed silkworms. A reliable method to distinguish between these two types of cocoons remains lackin...
This narrative review aims to clarify the role of tertiary lymphoid structures in breast cancer. We examine their development, composition, and prognostic value, and current ways of recognizing them. A comprehensive literature review was performed us...
Chronic kidney disease patients treated by hemodialysis present a high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is an imperative need for novel biomarkers for identifying these patients and to offer possible therapeutically interventions. We per...
Background/Objectives: Establishing biomarkers is crucial for early cancer detection. Structural biomarkers can be revealed by noninvasive X-ray diffraction. We applied this approach to human nails and observed structural changes in the major nail ti...
Structural biomarkers determined by X-ray scattering of the tissues can complement conventional histopathology and facilitate a fast triage procedure of cancer biopsy samples. It has been shown previously that lipid reflexes can distinguish cancerous...
The global rise in cancer incidence and mortality represents a major challenge for modern healthcare. Although current screening programs rely mainly on histological or immunological biomarkers, cancer is a multifactorial disease in which biological,...
We report the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of the dogs’ claws and show the feasibility of using this approach for early, non-invasive cancer detection. The obtained two-dimensional XRD patterns can be described by Fourier coe...
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is powerful for structural characterization of biomolecules under physiological condition. Owing to its high sensitivity and selectivity, SERS is useful for probing intrinsic structural information of protei...
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a biologically and clinically heterogeneous disease arising from the bladder and upper urinary tract. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed treatment of advanced UC, yet durable responses remain limited to...
Niemann–Pick disease type C (NPC) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by the mutation of cholesterol-transporting proteins. In addition, early treatment is important for good prognosis of this disease because of the progressive neurodegen...
Triazole pesticides are widely used throughout the world, but their abuse causes toxic effects in non-targeted organisms. In the present study, the cytotoxic effect of the triazole ipconazole was evaluated in porcine and ram spermatozoa. Ipconazole s...
Gangliosides are highly abundant in the human brain where they are involved in major biological events. In brain cancers, alterations of ganglioside pattern occur, some of which being correlated with neoplastic transformation, while others with tumor...
Gangliosides are effective biochemical markers of brain pathologies, being also in the focus of research as potential therapeutic targets. Accurate brain ganglioside mapping is an essential requirement for correlating the specificity of their composi...
Bacteria play a vital role in enhancing host resistance to salt–alkali stress. However, the composition and structure of bacterial communities associated with halophytes under natural high salt–alkali conditions remain poorly understood....
Background. Early childhood experiences have long-lasting effects on subsequent mental and physical health, education, and employment. The measurement of these effects relies on insensitive behavioral signs, subjective assessments by adult observers,...
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) is an evolutionarily conserved enzyme present in eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea. As the rate-limiting enzyme in the methionine cycle, it catalyzes the reversible hydrolysis of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (S...
Early cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s (AD) is associated with quantifiable structural and functional connectivity changes in the brain. AD dysregulation of Aβ and tau metabolism progressively disrupt normal synaptic function...
Background: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is widely used in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), yet cumulative exposure may result in progressive retinal toxicity. Structural biomarkers capable of identifying subclinical damage remain incompletely defined...
Background: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) may identify immunologically active pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but clinical definitions and spatial analyses have been inconsistent. Methods: We integrated a systematic review of 21 studie...
The lymphatic system is essential for maintaining the body’s fluid balance, lipid absorption, and immune regulation. The dysfunction of the lymphatic system is associated with a wide spectrum of disorders. These disorders include primary and se...
As the leading cause of dementia worldwide, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) has prompted significant interest in developing Deep Learning (DL) approaches for its classification. However, it currently remains unclear whether these models rely on establ...
Endophytic bacteria play crucial roles in plant pathogen protection and growth. Oryza eichingeri is a unique wild rice species rich with genetic resources. Studies have explored beneficial endophytic bacteria and investigated the synergistic interact...
Introduction: Natural polyphenolics are frequently inefficient in metabolic disorders due to multi-target promiscuity and restrictive in vivo bioavailability. This study proposes a chemoinformatics framework utilizing human bioactivity data to map mi...
Background/Objectives: Oxidative stress and galectin-3-related fibro-inflammatory processes contribute to heart failure pathophysiology, but their concurrent relationships with natriuretic peptides and structural/cardiorenal parameters remain incompl...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for studying brain development and psychiatric disorders in adolescents. However, the imaging consistency remains challenging, highlighting the need for advanced methodologies to improve the diagnostic an...
Background/Objectives: Autophagy is a conserved self-degradation process by which cells break down and recycle their cellular constituents. This process is activated by various stressors, including nutrient deprivation and DNA damage, and has also be...
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by emotion dysregulation, interpersonal dysfunction, and frequent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Altered pain sensitivity in BPD has raised interest in the possible role of the endogenous opioi...
Introduction: Gastrointestinal dysfunction is common in critically ill patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Plasma citrulline, a non-proteinogenic amino acid synthesized by enterocytes, has been proposed as a biomarker o...
Cancer immunotherapy has redefined oncology’s goals, aiming for durable systemic immunity rather than mere cytoreduction. However, many solid tumors remain refractory due to immunosuppressive microenvironments and antigenic heterogeneity. Local...
TLSs are ectopic, non-encapsulated aggregates of immune cells that develop de novo in non-lymphoid tissues in response to persistent antigenic stimulation and have emerged as clinically relevant features of many solid tumours. However, conventional T...
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) share clinical features, which complicates their differentiation in clinical settings. This study proposes an innovative approach that integrates structural connectome analysis with machine le...
Retinal imaging being a potential biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease is gradually attracting the attention of researchers. However, the association between retinal parameters and AD neuroimaging biomarkers, particularly structural changes, is st...
Human Biomonitoring (HBM) is a key tool for assessing human exposure to environmental contaminants and identifying early biological changes potentially associated with adverse health effects. However, as contaminated sites are characterized by multip...
Background: Breast density (BD) and background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) have long been considered related descriptors of breast tissue composition, yet growing evidence shows that they represent distinct and non-interchangeable physiological dom...
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