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Diagnostics
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Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnosis of Ophthalmology Disease
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Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnosis of Ophthalmology Disease

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Optics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 1901

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ninel Z Gregori

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
Interests: inherited retinal diseases; IRD; gene therapy; macular degeneration; retinal detachment; OCT
Dr. Lisa C. Olmos de Koo

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
Interests: ophthalmology; cataract; retinal detachment; visual impairment; blindness

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The purpose of this Special Issue is to provide articles focused on the importance of OCT in multimodal imaging of retinal diseases and raise readers’ awareness of advances in OCT technology.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive, depth-resolved imaging modality that was introduced in 1991 and has become an important tool in the imaging of numerous diseases of the posterior segment. The improvements made in this technology have resulted in increased scanning speed, axial and transverse resolution, and more effective use of the OCT as a component of multimodal imaging. Adaptive optics devices have also been integrated with OCT systems over the last decade, and the combination of these systems has provided the narrowest point-spread function amongst all the in vivo retinal imaging techniques.

I would appreciate it if you could consider contributing an article to this Special Issue, which can be an original paper, a review article, interesting images, and so on.

Best regards,

Prof. Dr. Ninel Z Gregori
Dr. Lisa C. Olmos de Koo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • adaptive optics
  • multimodal imaging
  • optical coherence tomography
  • retinal diseases
  • spectral-domain optical coherence tomography
  • swept-source optical copherence tomography

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3920 KiB  
Article
Spontaneously Opening and Closing Macular Holes with Lamellar Hole Epiretinal Proliferation: A Longitudinal Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis
by Omar Moussa, Jedrzej Golebka, Gabriel Gomide, Dvir Koenigstein, Hueyjong Shih and Royce W. S. Chen
Diagnostics 2025, 15(6), 759; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15060759 - 18 Mar 2025
Viewed by 387
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Spontaneous macular hole closure is a rare phenomenon, with lamellar hole epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) frequently implicated as a potential mechanism. This study aims to analyze the presence of LHEP in patients with full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) or lamellar macular holes (LMHs) [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Spontaneous macular hole closure is a rare phenomenon, with lamellar hole epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) frequently implicated as a potential mechanism. This study aims to analyze the presence of LHEP in patients with full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) or lamellar macular holes (LMHs) that closed spontaneously without intervention. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans was conducted for 73 patients diagnosed with FTMH or LMH in a single institution. Patients with documented spontaneous hole closure were further analyzed for the presence of LHEP, other OCT findings, and clinical characteristics. Results: Of the 73 patients, eight (11%) exhibited spontaneous closure of their macular holes. LHEP was identified in all cases, regardless of hole type (FTMH or LMH). Associated OCT features on diagnosis included VMT in one eye (13%), partial or complete posterior vitreous detachment in seven eyes (88%) and epiretinal membrane in eight eyes (100%). During hole closure, an outer nuclear layer bridge was noted in six eyes (75%). Various extents of outer retinal recovery were noted following closure. After closure, five holes (63%) remained closed without further intervention, while three (38%) reopened and required surgical intervention. Conclusions: Spontaneous macular hole closure is strongly associated with the presence of LHEP, highlighting its potential role in retinal repair mechanisms. While in most patients the spontaneous closure is permanent, surgical intervention may be necessary in cases of hole recurrence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnosis of Ophthalmology Disease)
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12 pages, 5258 KiB  
Article
Brolucizumab for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema: An Optical Coherence Tomography-Based Analysis
by Marco R. Pastore, Serena Milan, Stefano Gouigoux, Olimpia Colombo, Silvia Rinaldi, Gabriella Cirigliano and Daniele Tognetto
Diagnostics 2024, 14(24), 2858; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14242858 - 19 Dec 2024
Viewed by 802
Abstract
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the structural and functional outcomes after the loading phase with brolucizumab in switched patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and to identify potential predictive biomarkers of treatment response. Methods: A total of [...] Read more.
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the structural and functional outcomes after the loading phase with brolucizumab in switched patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and to identify potential predictive biomarkers of treatment response. Methods: A total of 28 eyes with DME, switched to brolucizumab, were retrospectively reviewed. Main outcomes during the follow-up period, up to 6 weeks after the fifth injection, included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield thickness (CST), macular volume, subfoveal choroidal thickness, intraretinal and subretinal fluid (IRF and SRF), cyst dimension including maximal horizontal cyst diameter (MHCD), maximal vertical cyst diameter (MVCD), width-to-height ratio (WHR), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) dimension, and vessel density (VD). Results: At the last follow-up, BCVA was significantly improved (p = 0.003). Significant reduction of CST was demonstrated after each injection time point (p < 0.05), and a dry macula was detected in 64.3% of patients at the last follow-up. The WHR was 1.23 ± 0.46, and a negative correlation to final CST (p < 0.0001) was found. In FAZ and VD analysis, no significant variation was detected. At the last disease activity assessment, the treatment regimen was q12 in 64% of patients. Conclusions: Brolucizumab leads to anatomical and functional improvements in switched eyes affected by DME. WHR may represent a predictive biomarker of treatment response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnosis of Ophthalmology Disease)
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Review

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31 pages, 2424 KiB  
Review
Expanding Application of Optical Coherence Tomography Beyond the Clinic: A Narrative Review
by Tutut Nurjanah, Milin Patel, Jessica Mar, David Holden, Spencer C. Barrett and Nicolas A. Yannuzzi
Diagnostics 2025, 15(9), 1140; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15091140 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025
Abstract
Since its introduction, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has significantly progressed in addressing its limitations. By integrating artificial intelligence and multimodal imaging, OCT enhances both speed and image quality while reducing its size. OCT continues to advance, offering new possibilities beyond the in-office setting, [...] Read more.
Since its introduction, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has significantly progressed in addressing its limitations. By integrating artificial intelligence and multimodal imaging, OCT enhances both speed and image quality while reducing its size. OCT continues to advance, offering new possibilities beyond the in-office setting, including intraoperative applications. This review will explore the different types of home OCT and intraoperative OCT, as well as the uses of each device and their future potential in ophthalmology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnosis of Ophthalmology Disease)
16 pages, 1184 KiB  
Review
Optical Coherence Tomography in Retinal Detachment: Prognostic Biomarkers, Surgical Planning, and Postoperative Monitoring
by Humza Zaidi and Jayanth Sridhar
Diagnostics 2025, 15(7), 871; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15070871 - 28 Mar 2025
Viewed by 388
Abstract
Retinal detachment (RD) is a vision-threatening ocular emergency that necessitates rapid diagnosis and intervention. This review examines the evolving role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in RD by synthesizing the literature on preoperative biomarkers and advanced image modalities that inform diagnosis, prognosis, and [...] Read more.
Retinal detachment (RD) is a vision-threatening ocular emergency that necessitates rapid diagnosis and intervention. This review examines the evolving role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in RD by synthesizing the literature on preoperative biomarkers and advanced image modalities that inform diagnosis, prognosis, and surgical planning. We evaluated studies employing spectral-domain OCT, swept-source OCT, OCT angiography, adaptive optics OCT, and en face OCT to assess photoreceptor integrity, retinal detachment height, intraretinal cystic cavities, outer retinal corrugations and undulation, and macular involvement. The incorporation of OCT assessment into clinical practice may facilitate more precise surgical timing, technique selection, and postoperative monitoring. Further research is needed to standardize imaging protocols and validate specific prognostic biomarkers for optimal surgical outcomes. Key aspects include uniform imaging protocols, validating OCT-derived biomarkers such as ellipsoid zone integrity, and correlating OCT metrics with functional outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnosis of Ophthalmology Disease)
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