Correction of spectral reflectance for shadow and topography in optical remote sensing data is challenging. Here, we corrected for canopy self-shadowing in an evergreen conifer forest in mountainous terrain using a three-dimensional (3D) point cloud....
The spatial characteristics of discontinuity traces play an important role in evaluations of the quality of rock masses. Most researchers have extracted discontinuity traces through the gray attributes of two-dimensional (2D) photo images or the geom...
The concept referred to as the measure shadowing property for a dynamical system on compact metric space has recently been introduced, acting as an extension of the classical shadowing property by using the property of the Borel measures on the phase...
We prove that a linear operator of a complex Banach space has a shadowable point if and only if it has the shadowing property. In addition, every equicontinuous linear operator does not have the shadowing property and its spectrum is contained in the...
The shadow fraction of the canopy is an important factor in Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) and in estimating physical quantities, such as tree height and biomass. Shadows are used as a shielding ratio for direct solar irradian...
In the context of mobile phones, the local optimal global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) shadow matching algorithm, which is based on the urban three-dimensional model, can effectively reduce the error of GNSS pseudo-range single-point positioni...
The presence of shadows is one of the main disadvantages of photovoltaic solar panel installations in urban environments. This article analyses their effect on solar installations performed on urban elements where the use of solar energy can be consi...
This paper presents a hybrid maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method to detect the global maximum power point (GMPP) under partially shaded conditions (PSCs), which have more complex characteristics with multiple peak power points. The hybrid meth...
The development of robust and accurate methods for automatic building detection and regularisation using multisource data continues to be a challenge due to point cloud sparsity, high spectral variability, urban objects differences, surrounding compl...
The purpose of this paper is to prove fixed point theorems for cyclic-type operators in extended b-metric spaces. The well-posedness of the fixed point problem and limit shadowing property are also discussed. Some examples are given in order to suppo...
Solar generation has become increasingly important in grid applications. In order to improve the energy efficiency of the photovoltaic array (PV), factors such as temperature, nonlinear characteristics, and partial shadow conditions (PSCs) of the PV...
In the hot-spot fault of photovoltaic modules, there is a low resistance hot-spot fault caused by crystal defects, such as internal crack and PN junction failure. When the faulty area is partially shaded, it will produce severe temperature rise, acce...
This paper is devoted to a novel autonomous navigation method for spacecraft around the Sun–Earth L2 point. In contrast to the previous navigation methods, which rely on ground-based or inter-spacecraft measurements, the proposed method determi...
Modular encodings are traditionally interpreted through exact integer reconstruction, most commonly by the Chinese Remainder Theorem. In applications that require only positional, comparative, or structural information, however, complete reconstructi...
Novel view synthesis using neural radiance fields (NeRFs) for remote sensing images is important for various applications. Traditional methods often use implicit representations for modeling, which have slow rendering speeds and cannot directly obtai...
The segmentation of Hehuang shadow puppet images holds significant value for artistic creation and cultural preservation. However, it still faces challenges such as the subjective nature of manual segmentation and inaccurate boundary delineation in c...
Segmentation of vegetation LiDAR point clouds is an important method for obtaining individual tree structure parameters. The current individual tree segmentation methods are mainly for airborne LiDAR point clouds, which use elevation information to f...
Reconstructing building models from urban SAR tomography (TomoSAR) point clouds is often constrained by limited resolution, low positioning accuracy in elevation, as well as data incompleteness and artifacts caused by microwave imaging mechanisms. Th...
Accurate and efficient classification and quantification of CD34+ cells are essential for the diagnosis and monitoring of leukemia. Current methods, such as flow cytometry, are complex, time-consuming, and require specialized expertise and equipment....
As the requirement for image uploads in various systems continues to grow, image segmentation has become a critical task for subsequent operations. Balancing the efficiency and accuracy of image segmentation is a persistent challenge. This paper focu...
When two varieties X,
Moving cast shadows of moving objects significantly degrade the performance of many high-level computer vision applications such as object tracking, object classification, behavior recognition and scene interpretation. Because they possess similar mo...
Although many efforts have been made on building shadow detection from aerial images, little research on simultaneous shadows detection on both building roofs and grounds has been presented. Hence, this paper proposes a new method for simultaneous sh...
We show that if a
In land monitoring applications, clouds and shadows are considered noise that should be removed as automatically and quickly as possible, before further analysis. This paper presents a method to detect clouds and shadows in Suomi NPP satellite’s VIIR...
In this paper, four kinds of shadowing properties in non-autonomous discrete dynamical systems (NDDSs) are discussed. It is pointed out that if an NDDS has a
In this paper, the notion of shadowable measures is introduced as a generalization of the shadowing property from the measure theoretical view point, and the set of diffeomorphisms satisfying the notion is considered. The dynamics of the
Shadow is one of the fundamental indicators of remote sensing image which could cause loss or interference of the target data. As a result, the detection and removal of shadow has already been the hotspot of current study because of the complicated b...
In this study, we describe the dynamical formation of the shadow of a collapsing star in Hayward spacetime from the points of view of an observer far away from the center and a free-falling observer. By solving the time-like and light-like radial geo...
Some countries have puppet culture in various forms, terms, and ways, including Indonesia. As a country with a diverse culture, it has detailed and comprehensive characteristics and stories related to puppets, especially the Javanese shadow puppet. S...
Environmental illumination information is necessary to achieve a consistent integration of virtual objects in a given image. In this paper, we present a gradient-based shadow detection method for estimating the environmental illumination distribution...
With the widespread adoption of mobile devices in daily life, efficiently capturing and digitizing documentation has emerged as a critical research question. The acquisition of documents via mobile devices is often compromised by shadow interference...
With a primary focus on sunlight and building shadows, we studied the impact of residential building orientation angles, building heights, and area combinations, as well as the underlying surface materials, on the outdoor thermal environment in Chang...
Binary self-dual codes and additive self-dual codes over
This paper employs the quadratic directional output distance function to derive shadow prices of China’s aggregate carbon emissions at the province level between 1997 and 2010. The empirical results indicate that the national weighted average shadow...
Current automatic shadow compensation methods often suffer because their contrast improvement processes are not self-adaptive and, consequently, the results they produce do not adequately represent the real objects. The study presented in this paper...
Shadow price of carbon dioxide (CO2) plays a fundamental role in evaluating CO2 abatement cost and formulating regional environmental policies. In this study, CO2 shadow prices are estimated in 29 provinces of China from 2006 to 2015. Directional Env...
The high-density development of urban centers has worsened outdoor thermal comfort in many cities. In this study, ENVI-met was used to simulate thermal comfort, and the universal thermal climate index (UTCI) and eight urban morphological indicators w...
Applying an advance dynamic panel second-generation two-step system generalized method of movement modeling, this study endeavors to bridge the gap in the literature by examining the association between shadow economy and economic stability in multip...
The complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most important clinical steps in clinical diagnosis. The instruments used for CBC are usually expensive and bulky and require well-trained operators. Therefore, it is difficult for medical institutions bel...
Drones are useful tools for performing tasks that are difficult for humans. Thus, they are being increasingly utilized in various fields. In smart construction, a range of methods, including robots and drones, has been proposed to inspect facilities...
A prerequisite for any system that enhances drivers’ awareness of road conditions and threatening situations is the correct sensing of the road geometry and the vehicle’s relative pose with respect to the lane despite shadows and occlusions. In this...
The freshwater flux from icebergs into the Southern Ocean plays an important role in the global climate through its impact on the deep-water formation. Large uncertainties exist in the ice volume transported by Southern Ocean icebergs due to the spar...
We present the case of a female patient who developed complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) after a right-foot injury. The patient had pain from the right knee to the toes and showed severe disgust at the appearance of the affected limb. Consequently...
Performance evaluation tools for wireless cellular systems are very important for the establishment and testing of future internet applications. As the complexity of wireless networks keeps growing, wireless connectivity becomes the most critical req...
Object detection has made great progress. However, due to the unique imaging method of optical satellite remote sensing, the detection of slender targets is still insufficient. Specifically, the perspective of optical satellites is small, and the cha...
This study investigates the macroeconomic impact of financial corruption and institutional weakness on Pakistan’s economy from 1996 to 2023, addressing a critical research gap in quantifying the simultaneous effects of shadow economy operations and p...
The accurate estimation of tree canopy volume is fundamental in precision agriculture for quantifying vegetation structure, biomass, and productivity in perennial cropping systems. This study investigates a shadow geometry approach for estimating oli...
Stem characteristics of plants are of great importance to both ecology study and forest management. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) may provide an effective way to characterize the fine-scale structures of vegetation. However, clumping plants, dense...
A significant wave height (SWH) estimation method for X-band ocean radar images based on the shadow modulation principle is studied. The conventional shadow method obtains the wave steepness by analyzing the bright and dark patterns in the radar imag...
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