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Volume 11
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10.3390/universe11100330
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Shadow of a Collapsing Star in a Regular Spacetime

by
Daniel Nuñez
and
Juan Carlos Degollado
*
Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 48-3, Cuernavaca 62251, Morelos, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Universe 2025, 11(10), 330; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11100330
Submission received: 19 August 2025 / Revised: 27 September 2025 / Accepted: 29 September 2025 / Published: 3 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Gravitation)
Versions Notes

Abstract

In this study, we describe the dynamical formation of the shadow of a collapsing star in Hayward spacetime from the points of view of an observer far away from the center and a free-falling observer. By solving the time-like and light-like radial geodesics, we determine the angular size of the shadow as a function of time. We find that the formation of the shadow is a finite process for both observers, and the size of the shadow is affected by the Hayward spacetime parameters. In this study, we consider several scenarios, from the Schwarzschild limit to an extreme Hayward black hole.
Keywords: regular black holes; gravitational collapse; shadows of black holes regular black holes; gravitational collapse; shadows of black holes

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MDPI and ACS Style

Nuñez, D.; Degollado, J.C. Shadow of a Collapsing Star in a Regular Spacetime. Universe 2025, 11, 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11100330

AMA Style

Nuñez D, Degollado JC. Shadow of a Collapsing Star in a Regular Spacetime. Universe. 2025; 11(10):330. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11100330

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nuñez, Daniel, and Juan Carlos Degollado. 2025. "Shadow of a Collapsing Star in a Regular Spacetime" Universe 11, no. 10: 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11100330

APA Style

Nuñez, D., & Degollado, J. C. (2025). Shadow of a Collapsing Star in a Regular Spacetime. Universe, 11(10), 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11100330

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