Different kinds of thermal indices have been applied in several decades as essential tools to investigate thermal perception, environmentally thermal conditions, occupant thermal risk, public health, tourist attractiveness, and urban climate. Physiol...
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is now central to pediatric dose selection, because clinical sampling in children is ethically constrained and simple weight-based scaling is unreliable while organ function and enzyme activity ar...
Malnutrition in children is a global health problem, particularly in developing countries. The effects of an insufficient supply of nutrients on body composition and physiological functions may have implications for drug disposition and ultimately af...
This paper proposes a real-time emotion recognition system that utilizes photoplethysmography (PPG) and electromyography (EMG) physiological signals. The proposed approach employs a complex-valued neural network to extract common features from the ph...
The bidirectional pulsatile movement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), instead of the traditionally believed unidirectional and constant CSF circulation, has been demonstrated. In the present study, the structure and parameters of the CSF compartments we...
Supinoxin is a novel anticancer drug candidate targeting the Y593 phospho-p68 RNA helicase, by exhibiting antiproliferative activity and/or suppression of tumor growth. This study aimed to characterize the in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetics of sup...
Central nervous system (CNS) drug disposition is dictated by a drug’s physicochemical properties and its ability to permeate physiological barriers. The blood–brain barrier (BBB), blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and centrally located drug transpor...
Most marketed drugs are administered orally, despite the complex process of oral absorption that is difficult to predict. Oral bioavailability is dependent on the interplay between many processes that are dependent on both compound and physiological...
Nitrofurantoin (NFT) is a commonly used antibiotic for the treatment of urinary tract infections that can cause liver toxicity. Despite reports of hepatic adverse events associated with NFT exposure, there is still limited understanding of the interp...
Withdrawal periods for diclazuril in broilers have traditionally been determined through regression analysis. However, over the last two decades, the physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model has gained prominence as a predictive tool for ve...
Management of invasive alien species is a high priority for biodiversity conservation. Here, we studied the effects of glyphosate application, at 0.06 g/m2 concentration, on physiologically integrated basal and apical ramets of the invasive clonal pl...
Buprenorphine plays a crucial role in the therapeutic management of pain in adults, adolescents and pediatric subpopulations. However, only few pharmacokinetic studies of buprenorphine in children, particularly neonates, are available as conducting c...
Natural medicine has been widely used for clinical treatment and health care in many countries and regions. Additionally, extracting active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine and other natural plants, defining their chemical structure and...
Stress has become one of the most pervasive health challenges in modern societies, contributing to cardiovascular, cognitive, and emotional disorders that degrade overall well-being and productivity. Continuous monitoring of stress in everyday settin...
IDP-73152, a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor with an antibacterial effect against Gram-positive bacteria, is in phase I development. The objective of this study was to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model (PBPK) for IDP-73152 in...
Background/Objectives: This study applies a Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Modeling (PBBM) framework to predict the bioavailability (BA) and bioequivalence (BE) of apixaban, a borderline BCS Class III/IV drug. It investigates how formulation...
Doxorubicin (DOX) is still an important anticancer agent despite its tricky pharmacokinetics (PK) and toxicity potential. The advent of systems pharmacology enables the construction of PK models able to predict the concentration profiles of drugs and...
Fexuprazan is a new drug candidate in the potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) family. As proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), P-CABs inhibit gastric acid secretion and can be used to treat gastric acid-related disorders such as gastroesophageal refl...
Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of several age-related ocular diseases, such as macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. The delivery of anti-inflammatory siRNA to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) may become a...
Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) enables non-contact physiological measurement for emotion recognition, yet the temporally sparse nature of emotional cardiovascular responses, intrinsic measurement noise, weak session-level labels, and subtle corre...
Pregnancy is associated with physiological changes that may affect drug pharmacokinetics (PKs). The aim of this study was to establish a maternal–fetal physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of oxcarbazepine (OXC) and its active met...
The appropriate use of antibiotics is crucial and involves selecting an optimal dosing regimen based on pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) indicators. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a powerful tool that integrates...
The System of Rice Intensification (SRI), an agro-ecological approach to rice cultivation developed in Madagascar, has generated considerable interest worldwide. Having not been developed at a research establishment but rather from observation and te...
The volume of distribution at steady state (Vss) in neonates is still often estimated through isometric scaling from adult values, disregarding developmental changes beyond body weight. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of two physiologically...
Fentanyl is widely used for analgesia, sedation, and anesthesia both in adult and pediatric populations. Yet, only few pharmacokinetic studies of fentanyl in pediatrics exist as conducting clinical trials in this population is especially challenging....
Understanding antibiotic concentration-time profiles in the central nervous system (CNS) is crucial to treat severe life-threatening CNS infections, such as nosocomial ventriculitis or meningitis. Yet CNS distribution is likely to be altered in patie...
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling is a bottom-up approach to predict pharmacokinetics in specific populations based on population-specific and medicine-specific data. Using an illustrative approach, this review aims to highlight...
Chemical release incidents in the United States involve hazardous chemicals that can harm nearby communities. A historical tracking of these chemical release incidents from 1991 to 2014 across up to 16 states has been conducted by The Agency for Toxi...
Physiologically relevant tumour models are increasingly used in cancer research, drug development, and functional precision oncology, yet selection often remains platform-led rather than biology-led. This structured critical narrative review proposes...
Background/Objectives: Cipepofol is a novel intravenous anesthetic whose pharmacokinetics (PK) may vary with dosing regimens, sampling sites, and physiological differences across populations. However, clinical PK data remain fragmented across study s...
The bioavailability of an orally administered small molecule is often dictated by drug-specific physicochemical characteristics and is influenced by many biological processes. For example, in fed or fasted conditions, the transit time within the gast...
One of the main obstacles in neurological disease treatment is the presence of the blood–brain barrier. New predictive high-throughput screening tools are essential to avoid costly failures in the advanced phases of development and to contribute to t...
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) constitute one of the main populations of dividing cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Physiologically, OPCs give rise to mature, myelinating oligodendrocytes and confer trophic support to their neighbor...
Interpretability is essential for deploying deep learning (DL) models in electroencephalography (EEG)-based neurotechnology, particularly in brain–computer interfaces and clinical decision-support settings. Existing post hoc explainable artific...
The cultivation of sweet cherry takes place in various climatic zones, where the plant may be exposed to different types of environmental stress during the growing season, which can significantly affect yield and fruit quality. The role of various ph...
Background: The treatment of cancer during pregnancy remains challenging with knowledge gaps in drug dosage, safety, and efficacy due to the under-representation of this population in clinical trials. Our aim was to investigate physiological changes...
Background/Objectives: Fluvoxamine is commonly prescribed for depressive disorders in elderly patients, a population that frequently exhibits variable drug responses and increased susceptibility to adverse effects due to age-related physiological cha...
The antifungal ketoconazole, which is mainly used for dermal infections and treatment of Cushing’s syndrome, is prone to drug–food interactions (DFIs) and is well known for its strong drug–drug interaction (DDI) potential. Some of k...
Regulatory agencies worldwide expect that clinical pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions (DDIs) between an investigational new drug and other drugs should be conducted during drug development as part of an adequate assessment of the drug&rsquo...
Buprenorphine readily crosses the placenta, and with greater prenatal exposure, neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) likely grows more severe. Current dosing strategies can be further improved by tailoring doses to expected NOWS severity. To al...
Background/Objectives: N-acetyl-galactosamine small interfering RNAs (GalNAc-siRNA) are an emerging class of drugs due to their durable knockdown of disease-related proteins. Direct conjugation of GalNAc onto the siRNA enables targeted uptake into he...
Enavogliflozin is a sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor approved for clinical use in South Korea. As SGLT2 inhibitors are a treatment option for patients with diabetes, enavogliflozin is expected to be prescribed in various pop...
Introduction: Ondansetron is a drug that is routinely prescribed for the management of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer, radiation therapy, and surgical operations. It is mainly metabolized in the liver, and it might accumulate in patients...
Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) holds the third and second position among cancers affecting men and women, respectively. Frequently, the first-line treatment for metastatic CRC consists of the intravenous administration of 5-fluorourac...
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a congener of chloroquine, is widely used in prophylaxis and the treatment of malaria, and also as a cure for rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and various other diseases. Physiologically based pharmacokine...
Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) is one of the most commonly used payloads for developing antibody–drug conjugates (ADC). However, limited studies have comprehensively evaluated the whole-body disposition of MMAE. Consequently, here, we have investigat...
Cabozantinib (CAB) is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of several cancer types. Enterohepatic recirculation (EHC) of the substance is assumed but has not been further investigated yet. CAB is mainly metabolized via CYP3...
Here we describe a toolkit for presenting physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models in a modular graphical view in the BioUML platform. Firstly, we demonstrate the BioUML capabilities for PBPK modeling tested on an existing model of nanopar...
Paliperidone was approved by the US FDA in 2006 as an extended-release (ER) tablet (Invega®) for the once-daily treatment of schizophrenia. This osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system (OROS) offers advantages, such as the prevention of p...
Diazepam is one of the most prescribed anxiolytic and anticonvulsant that is administered through intravenous (IV), oral, intramuscular, intranasal, and rectal routes. To facilitate the clinical use of diazepam, there is a need to develop formulation...
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