Lysosomes are central effectors of cellular maintenance, integrating the degradation of damaged organelles and protein aggregates with macromolecule recycling and metabolic signaling. In neurons, lysosomes are particularly crucial due to the cells&rs...
Brain aging causes a wide variety of changes at the molecular and cellular levels, leading to the decline of cognitive functions and increased vulnerability to neurodegenerative disorders. The research aimed at understanding the aging of the brain ha...
Introduction: The primary objective of researchers in the biology of aging is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the aging process while developing practical solutions that can enhance the quality of life for older individuals. This involves a...
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a widespread neurotropic virus establishing a life-long latent infection in neurons with periodic reactivations. Recent studies linked HSV-1 to neurodegenerative processes related to age-related disorders such as Alz...
With an increased life expectancy among humans, aging has recently emerged as a major focus in biomedical research. The lack of in vitro aging models—especially for neurological disorders, where access to human brain tissues is limited—has hampered t...
Aging is often associated with a cognitive decline and a susceptibility to neuronal damage. It is also the most important risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is related to an excess of neurotox...
Multifractal analysis offers a sophisticated method to examine the complex morphology of neurons, which traditionally have been analyzed using monofractal techniques. This study investigates the multifractal properties of two-dimensional neuron proje...
Neuronal circuits regulating appetite are dominated by arcuate nucleus neurons, which include appetite-promoting and -suppressing neurons that release the orexigenic neuropeptide agouti-related protein (AgRP) and anorexigenic neuropeptide pro-opiomel...
The existing study examines four features of 2D images from the principal olivary nucleus of the adult human. The main goal of the research is to investigate the relationship between monofractal and computational parameters that quantify three featur...
The expansion of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in organismal genomes has been associated with the emergence of sophisticated regulatory networks that may have contributed to more complex neuronal processes, such as higher-order cognition. In line wi...
Palmitoylethanolamide is a nutraceutical compound naturally produced in many plants and animal source foods, but the natural form is poorly water-soluble. It has demonstrated an anti-inflammatory role as a neuroprotective mediator, acting on several...
Neurons become more vulnerable to stress factors with age, which leads to increased oxidative DNA damage, decreased activity of mitochondria and lysosomes, increased levels of p16, decreased LaminB1 proteins, and the depletion of the dendritic tree....
The effects of aging on the nervous system are well documented. However, most previous studies on this topic were performed on the central nervous system. The present study was carried out on the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) of mice, and focused on age...
Accumulating data suggest that the brain undergoes various changes during aging. Among them are loss of both white and gray matter, neurons and synapses degeneration, as well as oxidative, inflammatory, and biochemical changes. The above-mentioned ag...
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation process maintaining cell homeostasis. Induction of autophagy is triggered as a response to a broad range of cellular stress conditions, such as nutrient deprivation, protein aggregation, organelle...
Neurons are central to lifelong learning and memory, but ageing disrupts their morphology and function, leading to cognitive decline. Although epigenetic mechanisms are known to play crucial roles in learning and memory, neuron-specific genome-wide e...
Our laboratory and others have previously shown that cannabinoid receptor type-1 (CB1r) activity is neuroprotective and a modulator of brain ageing; a genetic disruption of CB1r signaling accelerates brain ageing, whereas the pharmacological stimulat...
The COVID-19 pandemic was caused by infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which may lead to serious respiratory, vascular and neurological dysfunctions. The SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein (E protein) is a structura...
A substantial challenge in human brain aging is to find a suitable model to mimic neuronal aging in vitro as accurately as possible. Using directly converted neurons (iNs) from human fibroblasts is considered a promising tool in human aging since it...
This study aimed to determine the effect of age on CVLM C1 neuron glucoregulatory proteins in the feeding pathway. Male Sprague Dawley rats aged 3 months and 24 months old were divided into two subgroups: the treatment group with 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2...
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central feature of aging, driving bioenergetic decline, increased oxidative stress, and increased vulnerability to neurodegenerative diseases. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived neurons provid...
The accumulation of damaged mitochondria has long been considered a hallmark of the aging process. Among various factors, age-related mitochondrial alterations comprise bioenergetic impairments and disturbances in reactive oxygen species (ROS) contro...
Aging is a natural process that leads to time-related changes and a decrease in cognitive abilities, executive functions, and attention. In neuronal aging, brain cells struggle to respond to oxidative stress. The structure, function, and survival of...
Brain plasticity is important for translational purposes since most neurological disorders and brain aging problems remain substantially incurable. In the mammalian nervous system, neurons are mostly not renewed throughout life and cannot be replaced...
Aging is a physiological process accompanied by a decline in cognitive performance. The cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain provide projections to the cortex that are directly engaged in many cognitive processes in mammals. In addition, basal...
Ageing results in an increased microglial activation and neuroinflammation. We are interested in assessing ageing-dependent changes in the amount and fractalkine (CX3CL1) proteoforms participating in neuron–microglia crosstalk that could be inv...
It is often assumed, but not established, that the major neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease, are not just age-dependent (their incidence changes with time) but actually aging-dependent (their incidence is coupled to the process t...
Collagens are the most abundant proteins in vertebrates and constitute the major components of the extracellular matrix. Collagens play an important and multifaceted role in the development and functioning of the nervous system and undergo structural...
Despite combination antiretroviral therapy, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) occur in ~50% of people living with HIV (PLWH), which are associated with dysfunction of the corticostriatal pathway. The mechanism by which HIV alters the neu...
Neuronal senescence-like states are increasingly implicated in age-related neurodegeneration, yet the neuron-intrinsic regulators that drive these phenotypes remain poorly defined. Guided by prior transcriptomic analysis of aged basal forebrain choli...
Aging profoundly modifies neuronal responses to ischemia. We aimed to define age-dependent features of neuronal metabolism and cell death after ischemic stroke by assessing NeuN, NSE, and Caspase-3 in human cortical neurons and by comparing transcrip...
Aging leads to cognitive decline and increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases. While molecular changes in central nervous system (CNS) cells contribute to this decline, the mechanisms are not fully understood. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are k...
Background/Objectives: Oxidative stress constitutes a principal pathophysiological mechanism driving neurodegeneration and brain aging. α-Ketoglutarate (AKG), a key intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, has shown potential in long...
Methylation of histone 3 at lysine 79 (H3K79) and its catalyst, a disrupter of telomeric silencing (DOT1l), have been coupled to multiple forms of stress, such as bioenergetic and ER challenges. However, studies on H3K79 methylation and Dot1l in the...
Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) is the most recognized genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), whereas ApoE2 reduces the risk for LOAD. The underlying mechanisms are unclear but may include effects on brain energy metabolism. H...
Studies on somatic mutations in cloned animals have revealed slight genetic variances between clones and their originals, but have yet to identify the precise effects of these differences within the organism. Somatic mutations contribute to aging and...
Age-related neurodegeneration is characterized by oxidative stress and iron-dependent cell death, yet the neuroprotective mechanisms of folic acid in modulating ferroptosis remain unclear. This study systematically investigated the role of folic acid...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the commonest type of late-life dementia and damages the cerebral cortex, a vulnerable brain region implicated in memory, emotion, cognition, and decision-making behavior. AD is characterized by progressive neuronal...
Hemoglobin (Hb) is the oxygen transport protein in erythrocytes. In blood, Hb is a tetramer consisting of two Hb-alpha (Hb-α) chains and two Hb-beta (Hb-β) chains. A number of studies have also shown that Hb-α is also expressed in ne...
Ageing is associated with notorious alterations in neurons, i.e., in gene expression, mitochondrial function, membrane degradation or intercellular communication. However, neurons live for the entire lifespan of the individual. One of the reasons why...
Advanced age is one of the leading risk factors for vision loss and eye disease. Photoreceptors are the primary sensory neurons of the eye. The extended photoreceptor cell lifespan, in addition to its high metabolic needs due to phototransduction, ma...
Sesamin, a major lignin in sesame seeds, possesses health-promoting properties. Sesamin feeding suppresses several aging-related phenotypes such as age-dependent accumulation of damaged proteins in the muscles and neuronal loss in the brains of Droso...
In this report, we describe the kinetics characteristics of the diacylglycerol lipase-α (DGLα) located at the nuclear matrix of nuclei derived from adult cortical neurons. Thus, using high-resolution fluorescence microscopy, classical bio...
Late-onset sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) is the most common form of dementia. The disease is characterized by progressive loss of memory and behavioral changes followed by neurodegeneration of all cortical areas. While the contribution of...
Astrocyte senescence is a recognized feature of brain aging, but its impact on neuronal mitochondrial homeostasis remains poorly defined, particularly in human cells. Here we show that doxorubicin-induced senescence disrupts mitochondrial function in...
(1) Background: Astrocytes, the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system, are essential to tune individual-to-network neuronal activity. Senescence in astrocytes has been discovered as a crucial contributor to several age-related neurolo...
The modeling of neuropathology on induced neurons obtained by cell reprogramming technologies can fill a gap between clinical trials and studies on model organisms for the development of treatment strategies for neurodegenerative diseases. Patient-sp...
Brain aging is associated with a progressive decrease in learning abilities, memory, attention, decision making, and sensory perception. Age-related cognitive disturbances may be related to a decrease in the functional capacities of the hippocampus....
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Although traditionally considered a disorder of early brain development, growing evidence...
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and ageing is strongly associated with progressive arterial stiffening. Age-related alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanics influence vascular smooth muscle cel...
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