Oxidative Stress and Its Mitigation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 July 2025 | Viewed by 740
Special Issue Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Oxidative stress, commonly defined as excessive production of free radicals, decreases the scavenging of free radicals by antioxidant enzymes and/or small-molecule antioxidants, and it is now widely accepted as a critical aspect of neuronal loss, with consequent abnormal pathology and symptomology, in neurodegenerative disorders. Among the latter disorders are Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Down syndrome.
In biological cells, the predominant indices of protein oxidation include excessive levels of protein-resident carbonyls or 3-nitrotyrosine, while the major indices of lipid peroxidation include protein-bound 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), isoprostanes (mostly derived from peroxidation of arachidonic acid) and neuroprostanes (derived from the peroxidation of neuronal-resident docosahexaenoic acid). The major indices of the oxidation of DNA or RNA are 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and 8-hydroxyguanosine, respectively.
The mechanisms of elevated oxidative stress are numerous and diverse, and they include mitochondrial dysfunction; metabolic dysfunction, including glucose dysfunction and insulin resistance and other metabolic processes; the activation of the mTORC1 pathway; the peroxidation of membrane bilayer-resident lipids; and roles involving the oligomeric forms of peptides, proteins and oligosaccharides.
Potential mitigation of oxidative stress can be achieved by certain endogenous antioxidant enzymes or small-molecule antioxidants, as well as by the application of exogenous small-molecule antioxidants, i.e., naturally occurring or synthetic molecules.
Papers discussing various aspects of oxidative stress and its mitigation in neurodegenerative disorders will be considered for inclusion in this Special Issue of Antioxidants.
Prof. D. Allan Butterfield
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- oxidative stress
- neurodegenerative disorders
- brain
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Parkinson’s disease
- Huntington’s disease
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