Modified mRNA (modRNA)-based somatic reprogramming is an effective and safe approach that overcomes the genomic mutation risk caused by viral integrative methods. It has improved the disadvantages of conventional mRNA and has better stability and imm...
For over a decade, non-integrating Sendai virus vectors have been the gold standard for induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) reprogramming. However, as the field shifts toward regenerative and precision medicine and large-scale biorepositories, Senda...
Reprogramming of somatic cells has great potential to provide therapeutic treatments for a number of diseases as well as provide insight into mechanisms underlying early embryonic development. Improvement of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) gen...
Background: Human growth hormone (hGH) deficiency (GHD) is typically treated with daily injections of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), which do not fully replicate physiological secretion patterns. This study evaluates a novel approach using...
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold enormous potential for the development of cell-based therapies; however, the safety and efficacy of potential iPSC-based treatments need to be verified in relevant animal disease models before their applica...
X-adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a peroxisomal metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene encoding the peroxisomal ABC transporter adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP). Similar mutations in ABCD1 may result in a spectrum of phenotypes i...
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of infectious disease mortality worldwide despite widespread Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination and decades of control efforts. The limited and variable efficacy of current vaccination...
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are promising cell sources for regenerative medicine and disease modeling. iPSCs are commonly established by introducing the defined reprogramming factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. However, iPSC reprogramming...
The tumor microenvironment creates strong stress conditions, including hypoxia and nutrient depletion, which cause the blocking of cap-dependent translation. Under stressful conditions, cancer cells exploit the cap-independent translation mechanism m...
In vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA is increasingly applied in lieu of DNA to deliver reprogramming genes to fibroblasts for stem cell derivation. However, IVT mRNA induces interferon (IFN) responses from mammalian cells that reduces transfection efficie...
At present, the prognostic value of N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-related enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) still remains unclear. Our study aims to explore the prognostic value of m6A-related eRNAs in HNSCC patients...
The RNA world is wide, and besides mRNA, there is a variety of other RNA types, such as non-coding (nc)RNAs, which harbor various intracellular regulatory functions. This review focuses on small interfering (si)RNA and micro (mi)RNA, which form a com...
Background/Objectives: Therapeutic strategies for Neurofibromatosis Type I (NF1) that correct the underlying pathogenic NF1 variant hold promise for restoring neurofibromin function, reducing tumor burden, and improving patient outcomes by addressing...
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major threat to the global swine industry. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulators of antiviral immunity, but their roles in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and neuronal loss, representing a most challenging health issue. We present a computational analysis of transcriptomic data of AD tissues v...
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) comprises molecularly diverse tumor subtypes. This diversity is reflected in distinct and adaptable gene-expression programs that enable tumor cells to reprogram metabolism and survive therapeutic pressure. By regulating RN...
Mutualistic interactions between plants and beneficial fungi rely on extensive transcriptional reprogramming in both partners, yet the underlying regulatory mechanisms coordinating these responses remain incompletely understood. Here, we combined a t...
Adoptive T cell immunotherapy has received considerable interest in the treatment of cancer. In recent years, chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T) therapy has emerged as a promising therapy in cancer treatment. In CAR T therapy, T cells from the...
Soil salinization is a major constraint to global crop productivity, highlighting the need to identify salt tolerance genes and their molecular mechanisms. Here, we integrated mRNA and miRNA profile analyses to investigate the molecular basis of salt...
Traditional treatments of autoimmune diseases relying on systemic immunosuppression often lack curative potential and have severe side effects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising alternative due to their immunomodulatory properties; howeve...
Within the last decade, the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors proposed to boost the patients’ anti-tumor immune response has proven the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches for tumor therapy. Furthermore, especially in the context of th...
Autologous macrophage transfer is an emerging platform for cell therapy. It is anticipated that conventional macrophage reprogramming based on ex vivo polarization using cytokines and ligands of TLRs may enhance the therapeutic effect. We describe an...
Macrophage polarization refers to the process by which macrophages can produce two distinct functional phenotypes: M1 or M2. The balance between both strongly affects the progression of inflammatory disorders. Here, we review how redox signals regula...
Animal cloning is of great importance to the production of transgenic and genome-edited livestock. Especially for multiple gene-editing operations, recloning is one of the most feasible methods for livestock. In addition, a multiple-round cloning met...
In recent years, RNA trans-splicing has emerged as a suitable RNA editing tool for the specific replacement of mutated gene regions at the pre-mRNA level. Although the technology has been successfully applied for the restoration of protein function i...
RNA-based therapeutics offer transformative potential for treating devastating diseases. However, current RNA delivery technologies face significant hurdles, including inefficient tissue targeting, insufficient selectivity, and severe side effects, l...
(1) Background: After HBV infection, viral transcripts and host RNA form a multi-layered interwoven regulatory network. However, a comprehensive map encompassing mRNA, miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA is still lacking. This absence complicates the systemat...
RNA-based cancer vaccines have emerged as transformative immunotherapeutic platforms, leveraging advances in mRNA technology and personalized medicine approaches. Recent clinical breakthroughs, particularly the success of mRNA-4157 combined with pemb...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as a neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by mass neuronal and synaptic loss and, currently, there are no successful curative therapies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an emerging approach to intercellular communic...
During the 2023 surveillance of mosquito-borne viruses in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, a strain of Umatilla virus (UMAV) was isolated from a pool of Culex pipiens pallens (NX23166) collected in Xiji County and cultured in C6/36 cells. Electron micr...
Pseudouridylation, the most abundant RNA modification, plays a critical role in modulating RNA structure, stability, and function. Among the family of pseudouridine synthases, Pseudouridine Synthase 7 (PUS7) has recently gained attention for its emer...
Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV 16) infection is associated with several types of cancer, such as head and neck, cervical, anal, and penile cancer. Its oncogenic potential is due to the ability of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins to promote alterations associ...
Liver cirrhosis (LC) is a complex pathological condition characterized by extensive transcriptomic reprogramming, yet the regulatory role of non-coding RNAs in disease progression remains poorly understood. This study aimed to systematically investig...
The adult mammalian heart lacks the ability to sufficiently regenerate itself, leading to the progressive deterioration of function and heart failure after ischemic injuries such as myocardial infarction. Thus far, cell-based therapies have delivered...
Tibetan sheep, a unique breed indigenous to the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, exhibit remarkable adaptations to high-altitude hypoxia, and their muscle quality is a key economic determinant. However, the molecular mechanisms by which exercise regulate...
Plants have evolved sophisticated immune systems to defend against diverse pathogens, whereas pathogens deploy effectors to manipulate host cellular processes for successful infection. Recent studies have revealed that pathogen effectors can target h...
Background: Zinc homeostasis regulated by ZIP transporters is critical for tumor glycolytic reprogramming and progression, yet the role of specific ZIP family members in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the key...
Genetic code expansion has largely focused on the reassignment of amber stop codons to insert single copies of non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins. Increasing effort has been directed at employing the set of aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (aaR...
Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), a rapidly progressive condition with high short-term mortality in patients with chronic liver disease, has shown therapeutic responsiveness to mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exos) in pre...
Studies have shown that the occurrence and development of endometriosis are closely linked to long-term psychological stress. The specific contribution of chronic stress to the metabolic adaptations in patients with endometriosis is still unknown. Le...
Chronic cold stress disrupts hepatic metabolism and fetal development of Mongolian sheep in northern pastoral zones, while systematic nutritional mitigation strategies remain poorly characterized. N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) promotes endogenous arginin...
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain cancer that lacks effective molecular targeted therapies. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is activated in 90% of all Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumors. To gain insight into the impact of the PI3K pathw...
Repurposing drugs to target M1 macrophages inflammatory response in depression constitutes a bright alternative for commonly used antidepressants. Depression is a significant type of mood disorder, where patients suffer from pathological disturbances...
Transcriptional reprograming after the exposure of plants to elevated temperatures is a hallmark of stress response which is required for the manifestation of thermotolerance. Central transcription factors regulate the stress survival and recovery me...
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the deadliest gynecological malignancies, largely due to late diagnosis and the emergence of resistance to platinum–based chemotherapy. Long non–coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently emerged as key regulat...
Background: The reprogramming of lipid metabolism, especially glycerolipid metabolism (GLM), plays a key role in cancer progression and response to therapy. However, the role and molecular characterization of GLM in pancreatic cancer (PC) remain uncl...
Background/Objectives: Over the past two decades, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of gene expression, reshaping the classical view of the genome as predominantly protein-coding. Among them, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-codi...
We wished to understand the metabolic reprogramming underlying liver fibrosis progression in mice. Administration to male C57BL/6J mice of the hepatotoxins carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), thioacetamide (TAA), or a 60% high-fat diet, choline-deficient, a...
P. multocida is notorious for inducing excessive inflammation with high lethality in multiple animals, such as cattle, pigs, and chickens. Our previous study revealed that L-serine was decreased in the lungs of mice infected with P. multocida capsula...
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a model halophytic crop species, was used to shed light on salt tolerance mechanisms at the transcriptomic level. An RNA-sequencing analysis of genotype R49 at an early vegetative stage was performed by Illumina pa...
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