1,222 Results Found

To improve the machinability properties of CuZn-alloys, these are alloyed with the element lead. Due to its toxicity, a variety of legislative initiatives aim to reduce the lead content in CuZn-alloys, which results in critical machinability problems...

The search for stable, lead-free perovskite materials is critical for developing efficient and environmentally friendly energy solutions. In this study, machine learning methods were applied to predict the bandgap and formation energy of double perov...

Recently, zero-dimensional luminescent material has attracted researchers because of its optical properties, which is a possible candidate to replace lead halide perovskite. This review focused on the recent development of tetrahedrally and octahedra...

Tin-based halide perovskites have emerged as one of the most promising classes of lead-free materials for next-generation photovoltaic technologies. Their favorable optoelectronic properties, narrow band gaps, and structural compatibility with the AB...

Piezoelectrics have widespread use in today’s sensor and actuator technologies. However, most commercially available piezoelectric materials, e.g., Pb [Zr_xTi_1-x] O₃ (PZT),are comprised of more than 60 weight percent lead (Pb). Dueto its harmful effec...

Metal halide perovskite materials have shown significant advancements in their application as light absorbers in perovskite solar cells, with power conversion efficiencies reaching 27%. However, lead-based perovskites pose a concern due to their toxi...

Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) are promising materials in several fields related to electronics, offering long carrier-diffusion lengths, high absorption coefficients, tunable band gaps, and long spin lifetimes. Recently, chiral p...

In recent years, energy harvesting from ambient vibrations using piezoelectric materials has become the center of attention due to the fact that it has the potential to replace batteries, providing an easy way to power wireless and low power sensors...

This article presents a high-performance lead-free piezoelectric energy harvester (LPEH) system for magnetic field. It based on a Ba_0.85Ca_0.15Ti_0.90Zr_0.10O₃ + CuO 0.3 wt% (BCTZC_0.3) composite was fabricated by sintering at 1450 °C. The BCTZC_0.3 compo...

Six commercial, lead-free, radiation protective materials were tested for their attenuation across a range of X-ray energies used in medical diagnostic imaging and interventional radiology. While all the tested materials showed the specified attenuat...

The burgeoning significance of antiferroelectric (AFE) materials, particularly as viable candidates for electrostatic energy storage capacitors in power electronics, has sparked substantial interest. Among these, lead-free sodium niobate (${\mathrm{N}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{N}\mathrm{b}\mathrm{O}}_3$) AFE...

The Ba_(1−x)Ca_xZr_yTi_(1−y)O₃ (BCZT), a lead-free ceramic material, has attracted the scientific community since 2009 due to its large piezoelectric coefficient and resulting high dielectric permittivity. This perovskite material is a charac...

The increasing utilization of radiation in medicine, industry, and water purification highlights the need for efficient radiation-protection materials. This study investigates lead-free polymer composites based on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) fil...

Despite the advancement made by the scientific community in the evolving photovoltaic technologies, including the achievement of a 29.1% power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells over the past two decades, there are still numerous challen...

There is a strong need in the industry to develop lead-free piezoelectrics for sensors and actuators. Although these materials have become an important component of many electronic devices, it is very important for the industry to decarbonise ceramic...

Lead-free piezoelectric materials attract more and more attention owing to the environmental toxicity of lead-containing materials. In this work, we review our first attempts of single crystal grown by the top-seeded solution growth method of BaTiO₃...

The growing use of radiation technologies has increased the need for shielding materials that are lightweight, safe, and adaptable to complex geometries. While lead remains highly effective, its toxicity and weight limit its suitability, driving inte...

Lead-free halide double perovskites have emerged as promising candidates for sustainable optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications due to their tunable band gaps, high stability, and non-toxic nature. In this work, we systematically investigate...

This paper presents impedance measurements of ferroelectric structures involving lead-free oxide and polymer-oxide composite coatings for sensing and energy harvesting applications. Three different ferroelectric materials grown by conventional microf...

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) exploitation represents the next big frontier in photovoltaic technologies. However, the extraordinary optoelectronic properties of these materials also call for alternative utilizations, such as in solar-driven photoc...

The increasing restriction of lead in industrial alloys, particularly in copper–zinc-based materials such as CuZn40Pb2, necessitates the development of environmentally safer alternatives. ZnAl15Cu1Mg (ZEP1510), a zinc-based wrought alloy compos...

In this work, we introduce lead-free organic ferroelectric perovskite N-methyl-N′-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octonium)–ammonium triiodide (MDABCO-NH₄I₃) nanocrystals embedded in three different polymer fibers fabricated by the electrospinning tec...

In the race toward next-generation electronics and energy systems, ceramic nanocomposites have taken center stage due to their remarkable dielectric and ferroelectric functionalities. By pushing the boundaries of nanoscale engineering, recent studies...

This study investigates the design and experimental evaluation of Fe–B–Si-based bilayer composites engineered for dual shielding against gamma rays and thermal neutrons. The materials integrate a boron-enriched amorphous Fe matrix with su...

The advancement of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) drives the demand for multifunctional ferroelectrics that synergistically combine substantial strain with competitive energy storage capabilities. In this work, the simultaneous enhancement of...

This article presents the research results of lead-free Ba_1−3/2xLa_x(Fe_0.5Nb_0.5)O₃ (BFNxLa) ceramic materials doped with La (x = 0.00–0.06) obtained via the solid-state reaction method. The tests of the BFNxLa ceramic samples included stru...

Utilizing a polymer-based radiation shield offers lightweight, low cost, non-toxic compared to lead and solution for eliminating generated secondary neutrons. Incorporating silicon (i.e., one of the most abundant elements) in new applications, such a...

With the ever-increasing demand for energy, research on energy storage materials is imperative. Thereinto, dielectric materials are regarded as one of the potential candidates for application in advanced pulsed capacitors by reason of their ultrahigh...

The radiological protection has the purpose of safeguarding the physical well-being of the user, preventing exposure to detrimental levels of ionizing radiation. This study introduces a novel, cost-effective category of lead-free elastomeric material...

In an attempt to reutilize marble waste, a new approach is presented in the current study to promote its use in the field of shielding against ionizing radiation. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel and sustainable/eco-friendly lead-free radia...

The incorporation and doping of elements represent a widely used approach to enhance the solidity, integrity, and characteristics of pb-free solder joints. The present study summarizes the incorporation of indium and its impact on the mechanical aspe...

A typical piezoelectric energy harvester is a bimorph cantilever with two layers of piezoelectric material on both sides of a flexible substrate. Piezoelectric layers of lead-based materials, typically lead zirconate titanate, have been mainly used d...

The current study aims to enhance the efficiency of lead-free glass as a shielding material against radiation, solve the problem of the dark brown of bismuth glass, and reduce the accumulation of waste glass disposed in landfills by using soda-lime-s...

Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and electrical properties of lead-free AgSn_m[Bi_1−xSb_x]Se_2+m (m = 1, 2) selenides. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns and Rietveld refinement data revealed that these selenides consisted of phases rela...

Mechanochemical synthesis offers unique possibility of perovskite phase formation at ambient conditions that is very attractive (simplifies production, allows strict stoichiometry control and brings economic benefits). In this work the mechanochemica...

Lead-free (K_0.5Na_0.5)NbO₃-LiNbO₃ (KNN-LN) and (K_0.5Na_0.5)NbO₃-LiTaO₃ (KNN-LT) ferroelectric single crystals, with the dimensions of 11 ´ 11 ´ 5 mm³ and 5 ´ 5 ´ 3 mm³, were grown successfully using the top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method, respec...

In advanced microelectronic packaging, high thermo-mechanical loads arise on the solder interconnects. Accurate and efficient modeling of the mechanical behavior is crucial in the design of the package, and the simulation results can provide a basis...

Alkaline based materials have been considered as a replacement for environmentally harmful Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ (PZT) electro-ceramics. In this paper, the K_1/2Na_1/2NbO₃ (KNN) ceramics were prepared in a three stage process: first Nb₂O₅, Na₂CO_3, and K₂CO₃ were...

The electric field response of the lead-free solid solution (1−x)Bi_0.53Na_0.47TiO₃–xBaTiO₃ (BNT–BT) in the higher BT composition range with x = 0.12 was investigated using in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. An introduced B...

This paper describes the design, fabrication, and characterization of tightly focused (ƒ-number close to 1) high frequency needle-type transducers based on lead-free Na_0.5Bi_4.5Ti_3.975Co_0.025O₁₅ (NBT-Co) piezo-ceramics. The NBT-Co ceramics, are f...

(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_0.94Ba_0.06TiO₃ dense ceramics were obtained from autocombustion sol-gel synthesized nanopowders and sintered at 1050 °C for 1–2 h for the study of the electromechanical anisotropy. Measurement of the complex impedance spectrum was carried...

With the global market value of sensors on the rise, this paper focuses on the fabrication and testing of a proof-of-concept piezoelectric energy harvester which is able to harvest mechanical energy from the ambient environment and convert it into el...

This study investigated the interfacial reactions between n-type Bi₂(Te,Se)₃ thermoelectric material, characterized by a highly-oriented (110) plane, and pure Sn and Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (wt.%) solders, respectively. At 250 °C, the liquid-state Sn/Bi₂(...

Herein, we report the synthesis, structural and microstructural characterization, and thermoelectric properties of AgSn_m[Sb_0.8Bi_0.2]Te_2+m and Br-doped telluride systems. These compounds were prepared by solid-state reaction at high temperature. Powde...

In this study, the composition of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1 − x)(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃–x(Ba_0.5Sr_0.5)TiO₃ with excellent piezoelectric properties was investigated. Crystal analysis and electrical and piezoelectric properties were analy...

Methyl ammonium antimony iodide (MA₃Sb₂I₉) perovskite-like materials have gained enormous attention from the scientific community because of their excellent aerobic stability, good optical properties, and less-toxic nature. Herein, we report on the s...

Lead-free K_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃ (KBT) ceramics with high density (~5.36 g/cm³, 90% of X-ray density) and compositional purity (up to 90%) were synthesized using a solid-state reaction method. Strongly condensed KBT ceramics revealed homogenous local microstr...

Tin-based perovskite solar cells have gained global research attention due to the lead toxicity and health risk associated with its lead-based analog. The promising opto-electrical properties of the Tin-based perovskite have attracted researchers to...

The highest energy conversion efficiencies are typically shown by lead-containing piezoelectric materials, but the harmful environmental impacts of lead and its toxicity limit future use. At the bulk scale, lead-based piezoelectric materials have sig...

In this work, we studied the effect of bismuth oxide particle size and its attenuation capacity as a filler additive in epoxy resins. Six samples were prepared according to the amount of microparticles and nanoparticles in the sample and were coded a...