The Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process is widely used in modeling biological systems and, in financial engineering, is commonly employed to describe the dynamics of interest rates, currency exchange rates, and asset price volatilities. As in any stocha...
China has the world’s most extensive vocational education and training (VET) system, and VET teachers are central to training high-quality technical and skilled workers. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing VET teachers’ pr...
Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases around the world and represents a serious problem in human health. Predictive models have become important in medical sciences because they provide valuable information for data-driven decision-making...
A nonlinear log-Birnbaum–Saunders regression model with additive errors is introduced. It is assumed that the error term follows a flexible sinh-normal distribution, and therefore it can be used to describe a variety of asymmetric, unimodal, an...
(1) Background: 18F-FDG PET/CT diagnostic accuracy for liver metastasis (LM) could be influenced by technical parameters, lesion size, and the patient’s covariates. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate these covariates’ impact on PE...
Introduction: Comparing imaging examinations with those previously obtained is considered mandatory in imaging guidelines. To our knowledge, no studies are available on neither the influence, nor the sequence, of prior imaging and reports on diagnost...
There is a possibility that renal dysfunction may potentially reduce the diagnostic power of the laboratory parameters Tn, NT-proBNP and sFLC levels, used in the current prognostic classification of AL amyloidosis and the diagnosis of heart involveme...
18 January 2023
In diagnostic accuracy studies, the test of interest is typically applied only once in each patient. This paper illustrates some possibilities that arise when diagnoses are carried out by a sufficiently large number of multiple raters. In a dental st...
Objectives: Our study aimed to demonstrate the influence of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction on the diagnostic performance of coronary computed tomography angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR). Methods: One hundred vessels f...
The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is often based on the Gaussianity or normality assumption. However, such an assumption is frequently violated in practical situations. In this paper, we introduce the symmetric CAPM considering distributions wit...
Non-invasive diagnostics are crucial for the timely detection of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), significantly improving survival rates. Despite advancements, specific lipid markers for RCC remain unidentified. We aimed to discover and validate potent pl...
The pandemic raised a discussion about the postponement of medical interventions for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We analyzed the characteristics of pretreatment diagnostic assessment in the pandemic and the influence of diagnostic assessment...
18 March 2022
Colorectal cancer affects men and women alike. Sometimes, due to clinical-pathological factors, the absence of symptoms or the failure to conduct screening tests, its diagnosis may be delayed. However, it has not been conclusively shown that such a d...
Nowadays, in the case of suspected prostate cancer (PCa), tissue needle biopsy remains the benchmark for diagnosis despite its invasiveness and poor tolerability, as serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is limited by low specificity. The aim of this...
When making decisions under uncertainty, people in all walks of life, including highly trained medical professionals, tend to resort to using ‘mental shortcuts’, or heuristics. Anchoring-and-adjustment (AAA) is a well-known heuristic in w...
Nowadays, the amyloid cascade hypothesis is the dominant model to explain Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. By this hypothesis, the inherited genetic form of AD is discriminated from the sporadic form of AD (SAD) that accounts for 85&ndash...
[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is increasingly used to demonstrate inflammation in specific sites typical for polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). Scoring systems based on FDG uptake have been proposed to increase diagnostic...
Young women with endometrial cancer (EC) can choose fertility-sparing treatment for stage 1A disease without myometrial invasion (MI). The surgical diagnostic procedure (SDP) may affect the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess MI. H...
This literature review focuses on diagnostics of equine asthma (EA), possible influencing factors on diagnostic techniques and latest developments in diagnosing horses during EA remission or with subclinical disease. Routine EA diagnostics include a...
Standard regression models focus on the mean response based on covariates. Quantile regression describes the quantile for a response conditioned to values of covariates. The relevance of quantile regression is even greater when the response follows a...
The AIDS and COVID-19 pandemics demonstrated that nations at similar economic development levels varied widely in their capacity to protect the health of their residents. For AIDS, Britain and Australia brought gay representatives into official couns...
In this paper, we propose a nonlinear regression model with exponentiated skew-elliptical errors distributed, which can be fitted to datasets with high levels of asymmetry and kurtosis. Maximum likelihood estimation procedures in finite samples are d...
Introduction: Regional variability in lung cancer (LC) outcomes exists across Canada, including in the province of Ontario. The Lung Diagnostic Assessment Program (LDAP) in southeastern (SE) Ontario is a rapid-assessment clinic that expedites the man...
In this article, to study the influence of neural networks’ morphology symmetry, a mathematical model is developed that considers dynamic symmetry for diagnosing complex dynamic objects. The developed mathematical model includes the symmetric a...
Brand names on food packaging and the diagnosticity of brand names have notable effects on consumer preferences. However, their effects on healthy food consumption are not clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of healthy br...
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death among people living with HIV (PLWH), yet diagnostic methods vary in accuracy, accessibility, and implementation. Understanding how diagnostic modality influences TB detection is essential...
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease. The mechanism of these associations is not completely understood. We aimed to investigate the association of the apnea hypopnea index and the de...
Background: Bovine colostrum (BC) contains a myriad of bioactive molecules that are renowned for possessing unique medicinal benefits in children and adults, and BC supplements are considered safe and cost-effective options to manage/prevent the inci...
Early detection and accurate prediction of the risk of early childhood caries (ECC) are essential for effective prevention and management. This systematic review aims to assess the performance and applicability of machine learning algorithms in ECC p...
Background and objectives: The use of delirium screening instruments (DSIs) is recommended in critical care practice for a timely detection of delirium. We hypothesize that the patient-related factors “level of sedation” and “mechan...
Solar flares (SFs) and intense radiation can generate additional ionization in the Earth’s atmosphere and affect its structure. These types of solar radiation and activity create sudden ionospheric disturbances (SIDs), affect electronic equipment on...
Urticaria is one of the most frequent dermatological diseases and it usually occurs in paroxysmal, recurrent form [...]
The study of solar-influenced space weather and, consequently, extreme weather events, climate change, protection, and preservation are of particular interest in modern science because they are acknowledged as being important for sustainable developm...
Background: Interpretation of radiographs is prone to diagnostic errors. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promising results in fracture detection, although systematic evaluation of software updates remains limited. This study compares the diagn...
6 February 2017
Despite the known advantages of the classification of psychological disorders, using formal diagnostic could reduce a story of life and way of behaving to a mere diagnostic label, becoming a tautological explanation that ignores the true explanation...
Augmented reality (AR) enables consumers to browse and try products virtually by providing additional information and functionality to mobile shopping. Retailers continue to develop AR technology to engage consumers and enhance their digital shopping...
Introduction: Glucose homeostasis may be dependent on liver conditions and influence health-related markers and quality of life (QoL) objective measurements. This study aimed to analyze the interactions of glycemia with liver and health status in a p...
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor in pediatric patients. Mainstay of therapy remains surgical resection followed by craniospinal radiation and chemotherapy, although limitations to this therapy are applied...
Cardiac troponins are crucial for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Despite known differences in their diagnostic implication, there are no recommendations for only one of the two troponins, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and troponin T (cTnT)...
Diagnostic errors have been a critical concern in healthcare, leading to substantial financial burdens and serious threats to patient safety. The Improving Diagnosis in Health Care report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medici...
Background/Objectives: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can explain how genetics influence morbidity and mortality in children. However, it is unclear whether health providers will perceive and use such treatments. We conducted a discrete choice expe...
Background and objectives: Diagnostic delay causes unfavorable outcomes among cancer patients. It has been widely analyzed in solid tumors. However, data regarding hematological malignancies diagnostic delay are scarce. We aimed to evaluate diagnosti...
The goal of this study was to describe the variation in hospital-based diagnostic care activities for patients with symptomatology suspect for breast cancer in The Netherlands. Two cohorts were included: the ‘benign’ cohort (30,334 women...
The European Working group on Sarcopenia in Older People recently updated the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. It is yet unclear how these modified criteria influence the rate of diagnosis in high risk populations, such as liver cirrhosis. We ther...
Optical diagnostic techniques represent an attractive complement to conventional pulp vitality tests, as they can provide direct information about the vascular status of the pulp. However, the complex, multi-layered structure of a tooth significantly...
Non-invasive, simple, and fast tests for lung cancer diagnostics are one of the urgent needs for clinical practice. The work describes the results of exhaled breath analysis of 112 lung cancer patients and 120 healthy individuals using gas chromatogr...
The criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder PTSD have changed considerably with the newest edition of the American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Changes to the diagnostic criteria fr...
Given the importance of technologies to organizations, technology leakages can cause considerable financial losses and threaten the survival of firms. Although organizations use technology protection diagnostic models to prevent such leakages, most d...
Objectives: The image quality of an Ultra-Low-Dose (ULD) chest CT depends on the patient’s morphotype. We hypothesize that there is a threshold beyond which the diagnostic performance of a ULD chest CT is too degraded. This work assesses the influenc...
In complex work domains, not all possible faults can be anticipated by designers or handled by automation. Humans therefore play an important role in fault diagnosis. To support their diagnostic reasoning, it is necessary to understand the requiremen...
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