(1) Background: The demands of patients for aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of edentulous areas led to the use of dental implants as therapeutic means on an increasingly large scale. This aspect determined the appearance of some infectious pa...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with the occurrence of oral infection sources in patients scheduled for total hip or knee arthroplasty, with the purpose of establishing standardized preoperative dental triage criteria. Ma...
Indigenous breeds of young chickens in India are believed to be resistant to the classical strain of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). However, the mechanism underlying this resistance is obscure. Innate immunity is a key factor in defining the...
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) continues to threaten poultry production globally, with highly virulent strains circulating in many parts of Africa. In this study, molecular characterization was performed on a circulating infectious bursal disease vi...
Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged viruses are basic research tools widely applied in studies concerning molecular determinants of disease during virus infection. Here, we described a new generation of genetically stable infectious clones of toma...
Necropsies can reveal herd problems or comorbidities that can lead to management corrections, improvements in animal performance, and better decision making. Furthermore, the pattern and causes of mortality might differ when different systems are eva...
Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) is a common transmissible ocular disease in semi-domesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). In large outbreaks, IKC may affect tens of animals in a herd, with the most severe cases often...
The main objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the microbiology of maxillary sinus infections and to determine whether an odontogenic origin of the infection can be established. The PIE question posed was the following: In patients with...
Background: Readmission of newborns within the first 28 days after initial discharge represents a significant healthcare concern, causing distress to families and financial burden on healthcare systems. Understanding readmission patterns and risk fac...
Background: Diabetic foot osteomyelitis is a common infection where treatment involves multiple services, including infectious diseases, podiatry, and pathology. Despite its ubiquity in the hospital, consensus on much of its management is lacking. Me...
Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen causing osteomyelitis, amongst other diseases, and its methicillin-resistant form (MRSA) in particular poses a huge threat to public health. To increase our knowledge of the origin and evolution of S. aureus,...
This work summarizes the mortality cases of twenty-five free-ranging Eurasian wild brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) from the Cantabrian mountain range submitted for necropsy in Asturias and Castilla y León (northwestern Spain) from 1998 to 20...
Leptospirosis is a worldwide-distributed, re-emerging zoonosis due to the large variety of wild and domestic animal species that can play the role of natural or accidental host. Currently, specific animal species play an important role as the reservo...
The antemortem clinical and clinicopathological diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) remains challenging, particularly when effusions deviate from the classically protein-rich, low-to-moderate-cellularity phenotype. The FIP Effusion Index...
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led the medical and scientific community to explore the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of coronaviruses. In felines, a widespread coronavirus known as feline...
Harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) are the most common pinniped species in the Wadden Sea of Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg and Lower Saxony, Germany. Their numbers have recovered after significant depletion due to viral outbreaks and effects of anthropogen...
Membranes are mainly composed of a lipid bilayer and proteins, constituting a checkpoint for the entry and passage of signals and other molecules. Their composition can be modulated by diet, pathophysiological processes, and nutritional/pharmaceutica...
Interfaces among humans, wildlife and domestic animals represent critical hotspots for the emergence and spread of infectious agents. The gray wolf (Canis lupus) and the golden jackal (Canis aureus) are expanding wild canid populations in Italy, whos...
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a multisystemic, generally lethal immuno-inflammatory disease of domestic cats caused by an infection with a genetic variant of feline coronavirus, referred to as the FIP virus (FIPV). We leveraged data from fou...
Background: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) remains a major challenge for poultry production, with very virulent IBD virus (vvIBDV) strains causing severe bursal damage, immunosuppression, and performance losses. This study evaluated the protective e...
As guest editors, we are pleased to present this Special Issue on BK virus (BKV) and transplantation with the intention of exploring some aspects related to BKV-associated diseases in transplant recipients, since they are still unclear [...]
Veterinary pathology laboratories play an important role in animal health, food security and disease surveillance by generating large volumes of diagnostic data. However routinely collected laboratory data is often underutilised as a source of epidem...
Dental pathologies of endodontic origin are varied in nature, and include infectious and non-infectious causes. Through this review, we aim to provide a deeper understanding of the role of bacterial involvement and in the pathogenesis of endodontic p...
The emergency department (ED) represents an important setting for addressing inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing practices because of the time constraints and the duration of microbiological diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the...
Blood is a key component of organisms, serving numerous functions, including metabolism, innate and humoral responses, and hemostasis. Variations in hematological parameters can indicate the presence of infectious and non-infectious diseases, chronic...
The two oncogenic human gammaherpesviruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) cause significant disease burden, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals. Both viruses display latent and lytic phases of the...
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are non-infectious chronic pathologies [...]
With the recent increase in the amount of disposed infectious waste due to COVID-19, a growing interest to develop an efficient, economical, and effective infectious waste segregation system has prompted both the health sector and the government. Thi...
Background: Syphilis, tuberculosis and toxoplasmosis are major infectious diseases worldwide; all of them are multisystem pathologies and share a possible ocular involvement. In this context, a fundamental help for the definitive diagnosis is provide...
As one of the major pathogens for human herpetic diseases, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) causes herpes labialis, genital herpes and herpetic encephalitis. Our aim here was to investigate the infectious process of HSV1 in rhesus macaques and the...
Amyloidoses are a group of diseases associated with the formation of pathological protein fibrils with cross-β structures. Approximately 5–10% of the cases of these diseases are determined by amyloidogenic mutations, as well as by transmission of inf...
Background and Clinical Significance: Renal abscess represents one infectious urological complication with lethal potential. The treatment of this pathology may differ depending on the severity of the symptoms and the size of the infectious collectio...
Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is a prompt and non-invasive imaging modality helpful in detecting pathological abnormalities within the retina and the choroid. This narrative review and case series provides an overview on the current application of FA...
The cause of childhood hearing impairment (excluding infectious pathology of the middle ear) can be extrinsic (embryofoetopathy, meningitis, trauma, drug ototoxicity, noise trauma, etc [...]
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) induces respiratory and urogenital disease in chickens. Although IBV replicates in the gastrointestinal tract, enteric lesions are uncommon. We have reported a case of runting-stunting syndrome in commercial broilers...
Cardiac surgery remains a field of medicine with a high percentage of postoperative complications, including infectious ones. Modern data indicate a close relationship of infectious disorders with pathological changes in the composition of the gut mi...
Infectious diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract often present diagnostic challenges due to the variability in clinical manifestations and overlapping symptoms. Ultrasound imaging has emerged as a valuable tool in the assessment of gastrointe...
The etiology of Kawasaki disease (KD), the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children, is currently unknown. Epidemiology supports a relationship of KD to an infectious disease. Several pathological mechanisms are being considered, including...
Since the development of the fiberoptic colonoscope in the late 1960s, colonoscopy has been a useful tool to diagnose and treat various intestinal diseases. This article reviews the clinical use of colonoscopy for various intestinal diseases based on...
Recent studies have clarified many still unknown aspects related to innate immunity and the blood-brain barrier relationship. They have also confirmed the close links between effector immune system cells, such as granulocytes, macrophages, microglia,...
Begomovirus has become a potential threat to the agriculture sector. It causes significant losses to several economically important crops. Given this considerable loss, the development of tools to study viral genomes and function is needed. Infectiou...
Despite progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of diseases, the dominant paradigm in explaining pathogenesis remains the concept of a pathogen’s direct damaging effect on parenchymal cells. Based on years of research, the authors of...
The synovial fluid (SF) analysis involves a series of chemical and physical studies that allow opportune diagnosing of septic, inflammatory, non-inflammatory, and other pathologies in joints. Among the variety of analyses to be performed on the synov...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide. Emerging research has challenged the conventional notion of a direct correlation between amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration in AD. Recent s...
Prion diseases or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are a unique category of infectious protein-misfolding neurodegenerative disorders. Hypothesized to be caused by misfolding of the cellular prion protein these disorders possess an infectiou...
Here, we present a review of the development of paranasal sinuses and pathologies associated to them, allergic and/or infectious sinusitis, in children. A review of 200 medical records of children and adolescents affected with respiratory disease is...
The World Health Organization has repeatedly issued warnings regarding the danger of an escalation in infectious pathology, whether through the appearance of new diseases termed emerging, or through re-emerging diseases resulting from increased morbi...
The Chlorovirus genus of the Phycodnaviridae family includes large viruses with a double-stranded DNA genome. Chloroviruses are widely distributed in freshwater bodies around the world and have been isolated from freshwater sources in Europe, Asia, A...
Chlamydia trachomatis infection causes pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility, but how host immune factors control pathogen clearance or pathology is not fully understood. Using a mouse model of genital tract infection with Chlamydia muridarum,...
Poultry disease outbreaks are frequently multifactorial, involving complex interactions between infectious agents and environmental stressors. This report describes a case of avian influenza (AI) co-infection in a commercial broiler farm located in M...
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