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213 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
79 Citations
9,833 Views
12 Pages

Improved Bidirectional RRT* Algorithm for Robot Path Planning

  • Peng Xin,
  • Xiaomin Wang,
  • Xiaoli Liu,
  • Yanhui Wang and ,
  • Zhibo Zhai and
  • Xiqing Ma
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

16 January 2023

In order to address the shortcomings of the traditional bidirectional RRT* algorithm, such as its high degree of randomness, low search efficiency, and the many inflection points in the planned path, we institute improvements in the following directi...

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Mobile Robotics Navigation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,841 Views
14 Pages

12 July 2024

This paper proposes a solution for the cooperative obstacle avoidance path planning problem in dual manipulator arms using an improved Rapidly Exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm. The dual manipulator arms are categorized into a main arm and a seco...

(This article belongs to the Section Automation and Control Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
845 Views
16 Pages

17 April 2026

An automotive welding unit is a modular production cell within a welding workshop that integrates industrial manipulators, welding equipment, fixtures, and control systems to perform specific welding and assembly tasks. A large number of industrial m...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Twins and Intelligent Systems for Condition-Based Industrial Maintenance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,036 Views
22 Pages

Evaluation of Operational Energy Efficiency for Bridge Cranes Based on an Improved Multi-Strategy Fusion RRT Algorithm

  • Quanwei Wang,
  • Xiaoyang Wang,
  • Ziya Ji,
  • Weili Liu and ,
  • Yingying Fang,
  • Jiayi Hou,
  • Xuying Liu and
  • Hao Wen
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

7 October 2025

Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, high energy consumption, and poor path quality during the multi-mechanism operation of bridge cranes in spatial tasks, an improved Rapidly exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm based on multi-strategy fusion...

(This article belongs to the Section Automation and Control Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
58 Citations
8,604 Views
17 Pages

18 April 2022

In the future of automated production processes, the manipulator must be more efficient to complete certain tasks. Compared to single-arm robots, dual-arm robots have a larger workspace and stronger load capacity. Coordinated motion planning of multi...

(This article belongs to the Topic Industrial Robotics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
4,216 Views
17 Pages

Improved RRT* Algorithm for Disinfecting Robot Path Planning

  • Haotian Wang,
  • Xiaolong Zhou,
  • Jianyong Li,
  • Zhilun Yang and
  • Linlin Cao

26 February 2024

In this paper, an improved APF-GFARRT* (artificial potential field-guided fuzzy adaptive rapidly exploring random trees) algorithm based on APF (artificial potential field) guided sampling and fuzzy adaptive expansion is proposed to solve the problem...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensors and Robotics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,270 Views
21 Pages

4 November 2025

Percutaneous puncture has become one of the most widely used minimally invasive techniques in clinical practice due to its advantages of low trauma, quick recovery and easy operation. However, incomplete needle tip movement, tissue barriers and compl...

(This article belongs to the Section Combinatorial Optimization, Graph, and Network Algorithms)
  • Article
  • Open Access
51 Citations
7,862 Views
16 Pages

19 December 2023

RRT (rapidly exploring random tree) is a sampling-based planning algorithm that has been widely used due to its simple structure and fast speed. However, the RRT algorithm has several issues such as low planning efficiency, high randomness, and poor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
51 Citations
5,054 Views
22 Pages

Due to the complexity of the marine environment, underwater target search and interception is one of the biggest problems faced by an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). At present, there is quite a lot of research in terms of the two-dimensional en...

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Sensors and Robotic Platform Technologies for the Exploration and Monitoring of Marine Ecosystems and Far Beyond)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
583 Views
24 Pages

18 June 2026

To address the limitations of the traditional rapidly exploring random tree (RRT) algorithm, including redundant exploration, limited adaptability in dense environments, insufficient obstacle clearance, and poor path smoothness, this paper proposes a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
652 Views
27 Pages

Research on Three-Dimensional Simulation Technology Based on an Improved RRT Algorithm

  • Nan Zhang,
  • Yang Luan,
  • Chengkun Li,
  • Weizhou Xu and ,
  • Fengju Zhu,
  • Chao Ye and
  • Nianxia Han
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

As urban power grids grow increasingly complex and underground space resources become increasingly scarce, traditional two-dimensional cable design methods face significant challenges in spatial representation accuracy and design efficiency. This stu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Planning, Scheduling and Control of Grids with Renewables)
  • Article
  • Open Access
530 Views
30 Pages

Underwater Vehicle Path Planning Based on the Improved Bidirectional APF-RRT* Algorithm

  • Chenrui Bai,
  • Ya Zhang,
  • Zehui Yuan,
  • Shuwen Zhao and
  • Chenghao Yang

10 August 2026

Aiming at the problems of traditional Rapidly exploring Random Tree Star (RRT*), its modified algorithms in the three-dimensional complex underwater path planning of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), including sampling redundancy, simplistic exp...

(This article belongs to the Section Unmanned Surface and Underwater Drones)
  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,426 Views
27 Pages

Path Planning Algorithm for Manipulators in Complex Scenes Based on Improved RRT*

  • Xiqing Zhang,
  • Pengyu Wang,
  • Yongrui Guo,
  • Qianqian Han and
  • Kuoran Zhang

8 January 2025

Aiming at the problems of a six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm in a three-dimensional multi-obstacle space, such as low sampling efficiency and path search failure, an improved fast extended random tree (RRT*) algorithm for robotic arm path planning m...

(This article belongs to the Section Electronic Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,427 Views
20 Pages

Pruning branches of apple trees is a labor-intensive task. Pruning robots can save manpower and reduce costs. A full map of the apple orchard with collision-free paths, which is navigation planning, is essential. To improve the navigation efficiency...

(This article belongs to the Section Agricultural Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,599 Views
17 Pages

19 March 2025

The Rapidly Exploring Random Tree algorithm, renowned for its randomness, asymptotic properties, and local planning capabilities, is extensively employed in autonomous driving for path planning. Addressing issues such as pronounced randomness, low se...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
891 Views
19 Pages

8 December 2025

In order to solve the problem of obstacle avoidance for unmanned surface vehicles (USV), based on the classic RRT algorithm and Velocity Obstacle principle, an improved RRT algorithm is proposed. For the situation of the extension direction of the pa...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Technology: Latest Advancements and Prospects)
  • Article
  • Open Access
287 Views
26 Pages

6 October 2026

Unordered parcel sorting corresponds to collision-free motion planning for manipulators within 3D unstructured obstacle-laden environments. Random poses of sorted objects impose stringent requirements on planning real-time performance and trajectory...

  • Article
  • Open Access
574 Views
19 Pages

29 June 2026

This paper investigates the path-planning problem of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for logistics delivery in urban environments. The impact of real-time obstacle avoidance and path smoothness on the flyability of UAVs remains a challenge in existin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
3,278 Views
20 Pages

A Path Planning Algorithm of Inspection Robots for Solar Power Plants Based on Improved RRT*

  • Fangbin Wang,
  • Yefei Gao,
  • Zhong Chen,
  • Xue Gong and ,
  • Darong Zhu and
  • Wanlin Cong
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

29 October 2023

In order to improve the safety and efficiency of inspection robots for solar power plants, the Rapidly Exploring Random Tree Star (RRT*) algorithm is studied and an improved method based on an adaptive target bias and heuristic circular sampling is p...

(This article belongs to the Section Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,532 Views
14 Pages

An Improved RRT Path-Planning Algorithm Based on Vehicle Lane-Change Trajectory Data

  • Jianlong Li,
  • Bingzheng Liu,
  • Dong Guo,
  • Xianjie Gao and
  • Pengwei Wang

The Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm faces issues in path planning, including low search efficiency, high randomness, and suboptimal path quality. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes an improved RRT planning algorithm based on...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Intelligent Vehicle Path Planning Algorithm)
  • Article
  • Open Access
67 Citations
9,306 Views
24 Pages

FC-RRT*: An Improved Path Planning Algorithm for UAV in 3D Complex Environment

  • Yicong Guo,
  • Xiaoxiong Liu,
  • Xuhang Liu,
  • Yue Yang and
  • Weiguo Zhang

In complex environments, path planning is the key for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to perform military missions autonomously. This paper proposes a novel algorithm called flight cost-based Rapidly-exploring Random Tree star (FC-RRT*) extending the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Aerial Systems and Geoinformatics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
5,661 Views
26 Pages

16 December 2024

Efficient and effective path planning can significantly enhance the task execution capabilities of UAVs in complex environments. This paper proposes an improved sampling-based path planning algorithm, Bi-APF-RRT*, which integrates an Artificial Poten...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cartography, Mission Planning, Path Search, and Path Following for Drones)
  • Article
  • Open Access
88 Citations
8,006 Views
18 Pages

Path planning is one of the key technologies for unmanned driving of underground intelligent vehicles. Due to the complexity of the drift environment and the vehicle structure, some improvements should be made to adapt to underground mining condition...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Motion Planning and Control of Autonomous Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,847 Views
20 Pages

Autonomous valet parking technology refers to a vehicle’s use of onboard sensors and line-controlled chassis to carry out a fully automatic valet parking function, which can greatly improve the driver’s experience. This study focuses on a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Design Theory and Methods of Intelligent Electric Vehicle Chassis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
606 Views
26 Pages

17 May 2026

In complex obstacle environments, the RRT* algorithm, an asymptotically optimal variant of the Rapidly exploring Random Tree (RRT), and its related variants often suffer from slow generation of the initial feasible solution, unstable sampling efficie...

(This article belongs to the Section Robotics and Automation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
48 Citations
7,206 Views
31 Pages

16 June 2024

For the RRT* algorithm, there are problems such as greater randomness, longer time consumption, more redundant nodes, and inability to perform local obstacle avoidance when encountering unknown obstacles in the path planning process of autonomous veh...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Control Systems for Autonomous Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
70 Citations
5,654 Views
14 Pages

Inland Waterway Ship Path Planning Based on Improved RRT Algorithm

  • Shengshi Cao,
  • Pingyi Fan,
  • Tao Yan,
  • Cheng Xie and ,
  • Jian Deng,
  • Feng Xu and
  • Yaqing Shu
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

9 October 2022

Ship path planning is crucial for the shipping industry, especially for the development of autonomous ships. Many algorithms have been developed over the last few decades to solve the ship path planning problem. However, it is still challenging for s...

(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,352 Views
20 Pages

9 November 2023

This paper proposed an improved potential rapidly exploring random tree star (P-RRT*) algorithm for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The algorithm has faster expansion and convergence speeds and better path quality. Path planning is an important part...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control and Applications of Intelligent Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)
  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
3,657 Views
21 Pages

30 March 2025

The Rapidly-exploring Random Tree Star (RRT*) algorithm, widely utilized for path planning, faces challenges, such as slow acquisition of feasible paths and high path costs. To address this issue, this paper presents an improved algorithm based on RR...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sensing, Control and Path Planning for Robotic Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,241 Views
25 Pages

HPS-RRT*: An Improved Path Planning Algorithm for a Nonholonomic Orchard Robot in Unstructured Environments

  • Meiqi Hu,
  • Qinpeng Huang,
  • Jiamin Cai,
  • Yu Chen and ,
  • Jun Li and
  • Linlin Shi
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

14 March 2025

Path planning is a fundamental challenge for autonomous robots, particularly in unstructured environments, where issues such as low search efficiency, suboptimal path quality, and local optima often arise. To address these challenges and enable a non...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Robotics and Automation in Farming)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
1,660 Views
33 Pages

In order to solve the problems of traditional RRT algorithms that are too random in planning, have low planning efficiency, and have insufficient security, this paper proposes an algorithm that fuses APF and the improved bidirectional RRT* algorithm...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Intelligent Vehicle Path Planning Algorithm)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
570 Views
31 Pages

Efficient Path Planning of Robotic Arms Based on the Improved Informed-RRT* Algorithm

  • Yutong Chen,
  • Yudong Xu,
  • Hongjie Zheng,
  • Zhenyu Lu and ,
  • Bin Xu and
  • Yapeng Gao
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

To address the limitations of the standard Informed-RRT* algorithm in manipulator path planning, including low initial path search efficiency, susceptibility to local optima in complex obstacle environments, and high path redundancy, this paper propo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
90 Citations
7,120 Views
14 Pages

It is well known that path planning has always been an important study area for intelligent ships, especially for unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). Therefore, it is necessary to study the path-planning algorithm for USVs. As one of the basic algorith...

  • Article
  • Open Access
265 Citations
20,572 Views
15 Pages

13 February 2018

In a future intelligent factory, a robotic manipulator must work efficiently and safely in a Human–Robot collaborative and dynamic unstructured environment. Autonomous path planning is the most important issue which must be resolved first in the proc...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Sensors for Mechatronic and Robotic Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
1,239 Views
19 Pages

Adaptive Path Planning for Robotic Winter Jujube Harvesting Using an Improved RRT-Connect Algorithm

  • Anxiang Huang,
  • Meng Zhou,
  • Mengfei Liu,
  • Yunxiao Pan and ,
  • Jiapan Guo and
  • Yaohua Hu
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Winter jujube harvesting is traditionally labor-intensive, yet declining labor availability and rising costs necessitate robotic automation to maintain agricultural competitiveness. Path planning for robotic arms in orchards faces challenges due to t...

(This article belongs to the Section Agricultural Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
733 Views
27 Pages

14 May 2026

We present a hybrid algorithm for 3D obstacle-avoidance path planning of a six-axis robotic arm in cable inspection environments. It improves on traditional RRT, which suffers from blind sampling and low efficiency, and APF, which tends to become stu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,641 Views
30 Pages

Aiming at the problem that the traditional rapidly exploring random tree (RRT) algorithm only considers the global path of unmanned vehicles in a static environment, which has the limitation of not being able to avoid unknown dynamic obstacles in rea...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Intelligent Vehicle Path Planning Algorithm)
  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,774 Views
22 Pages

15 April 2022

Given that the rapidly exploring random tree algorithm (RRT) and its variants cannot efficiently solve problems of path planning of autonomous vehicles, this paper proposes a new, adaptive improved RRT algorithm. Firstly, an adaptive directional samp...

(This article belongs to the Section Actuators for Surface Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,971 Views
23 Pages

The autonomous navigation of an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) in unknown 3D underwater environments remains a challenging task due to the presence of complex terrain, uncertain obstacles, and strict kinematic constraints. This paper proposes a no...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Measurement and Control System of Marine Robots)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,362 Views
33 Pages

22 February 2026

In response to issues such as insufficient bias in random sampling, low convergence efficiency, inadequate path search efficiency, and lack of path smoothness encountered by the traditional RRT* algorithm during path planning, an improved algorithm i...

(This article belongs to the Section Sensors and Robotics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
421 Views
30 Pages

27 August 2026

Sampling-based path planning is widely used in autonomous navigation, but Informed-RRT* still relies mainly on geometric ellipsoidal sampling and does not explicitly evaluate local obstacle risk, which can lead to invalid expansion, redundant nodes,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
398 Views
28 Pages

20 September 2026

Efficient and safe path planning is the core prerequisite for realizing the autonomous crushing operation of the hydraulic crushing robotic arm in the mine chute. Foundational sampling-based algorithms, specifically standard RRT* and Informed RRT*, h...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optimization in Engineering: Models and Algorithms)
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,234 Views
14 Pages

17 December 2024

To address the shortcomings of the original rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) algorithm, such as long and non-smooth paths, slow convergence to the goal region, and limited adaptability in dynamic environments, this paper proposes a hybrid path pla...

  • Article
  • Open Access
51 Citations
5,522 Views
33 Pages

19 October 2022

The existing variants of the rapidly exploring random tree (RRT) cannot be effectively applied in local path planning of the autonomous vehicle and solve the coherence problem of paths between the front and back frames. Thus, an improved heuristic Bi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Sensing and Safety Control for Connected and Automated Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,534 Views
17 Pages

Automated Flight Technology for Integral Path Planning and Trajectory Tracking of the UAV

  • Mengjing Gao,
  • Tian Yan,
  • Wenxing Fu,
  • Zhenfei Feng and
  • Hang Guo

30 December 2023

In view of the problem that path planning and trajectory tracking are rarely solved simultaneously in the current research, which hinders their practical implementation, this paper focuses on enhancing the autonomous flight planning capability of unm...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,676 Views
18 Pages

Research on Intelligent Vehicle Trajectory Planning and Control Based on an Improved Terminal Sliding Mode

  • Aijuan Li,
  • Chuanhu Niu,
  • Shunming Li,
  • Xin Huang and ,
  • Chuanyan Xu and
  • Gang Liu
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

26 February 2022

Aiming at precisely tracking an intelligent vehicle on a desired trajectory, this paper proposes an intelligent vehicle trajectory planning and control strategy based on an improved terminal sliding mold. Firstly, the traditional RRT algorithm is imp...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Reliability & Prognostics and Health Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
1,867 Views
31 Pages

14 June 2025

At present, there is a lack of effective and usable machinery in the harvesting of aquatic vegetables. The harvesting of most aquatic vegetables such as Brasenia schreberi relies entirely on manual labor, resulting in a high labor demand and labor sh...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Machine Learning and Modelling in Food Crops)
  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
8,822 Views
19 Pages

3 June 2023

Water quality sampling and monitoring are fundamental to water environmental protection. The purpose of this study was to develop a water quality sampling and multi-parameter monitoring system mounted on a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). T...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of AI and UAV Techniques in Urban Water Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
571 Views
21 Pages

A Global Path Planning Method for Unmanned Sailboats with Optimal Time Consumption

  • Yong Cai,
  • Zhaozhao Zhang,
  • Yixin Yang,
  • Zhexuan Xu and ,
  • Xing Gao,
  • Shuo Liu and
  • Tao Wang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Unmanned sailboats rely on wind and solar energy for long-duration marine missions, yet their navigation performance is strongly constrained by sail aerodynamics, hull hydrodynamics, and time-varying wind fields. Due to their underactuated nature and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamics and Control of Marine Mechatronics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,124 Views
18 Pages

Path Planning of Quadrupedal Robot Based on Improved RRT-Connect Algorithm

  • Xiaohua Xu,
  • Peibo Li,
  • Jiangwu Zhou and
  • Wenzhuo Deng

18 April 2025

In view of the large randomness, redundant path nodes, and low search efficiency of RRT-connect in a complex obstacle environment, this study intends to develop a path-planning method combining RRT-connect and Informed RRT*. First, to solve the probl...

(This article belongs to the Section Navigation and Positioning)

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