Background: Immunosuppressive therapies are vital for solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients to ensure graft survival, but long-term use can lead to complications. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the complications associated with immuno...
The risk of fractures is higher in patients with autoimmune diseases, but it is not clear whether the use of immunosuppressive agents can further increase this risk. To investigate this issue, a retrospective study was conducted using data from Taiwa...
Effective immunosuppressant pharmacotherapy is essential for successful organ transplantation. Background/Objectives: Generally, induction therapy includes basiliximab (BAS) or anti-thymocyte globulin (THY). However, other biological molecules have b...
In December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic began to ravage the world quickly, causing unprecedented losses in human life and the economy. A statistical study revealed that the proportion of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with severe symptoms an...
There are about 200 different types of interstitial lung disease (ILD), and a crucial initial step in the assessment of a patient with suspected ILD is achieving an appropriate diagnosis. Some ILDs respond to immunosuppressive agents, while immunosup...
Individuals with immunosuppressive conditions are at a higher risk of developing malignancies than those in the general population. Immunosuppression weakens tumor immunity, hinders the detection of pro-oncogenic cells, and activates oncogenic viruse...
Background: The effects of steroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents (SSIAs), used for the treatment of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), on immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) antitumor activity is not well known. We compared tumor outcomes of pat...
Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have transformed hepatitis C virus (HCV) management, offering high cure rates, favorable safety, and simplified regimens. Management in immunosuppressed patients remains challenging due to drug–drug interactions...
Immunosuppressive drugs are administered to a number of patients; e.g., to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Immunosuppressive drugs impair the immune system and thus increase the risk of invasive fungal disease, but may exhib...
Background and Objectives: Evidence regarding continuation versus withdrawal of immunosuppressive agents during antiviral treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis complicating ulcerative colitis (UC) remains limited. We compared molecular remission...
Gagam-palmultang (PMT), a traditional Korean herbal formula, has been used to treat various conditions; however, its immunomodulatory potential remains unclear. Our objective was to assess the immunomodulatory effects of PMT in an immunosuppression m...
Chronic inflammatory processes are related to all stages of tumorigenesis. As inflammation is closely associated with the activation and release of different cytotoxic agents, the interplay between cytotoxic agents and antagonizing principles is high...
Angiogenesis has long been considered to facilitate and sustain cancer growth, making the introduction of anti-angiogenic agents that disrupt the vascular endothelial growth factor/receptor (VEGF/VEGFR) pathway an important milestone at the beginning...
The number of solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) is growing as a consequence of an increase in transplantations and longer survival; these patients, thus, frequently suffer various comorbidities and are subjected to the detrimental effects of...
The widespread use of immunosuppressive drugs makes it possible to reduce inflammation in autoimmune diseases, as well as prevent transplant rejection in organ recipients. Despite their key action in blocking the body’s immune response, these d...
Background/Objectives: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multi-organ disease with greatly varying therapeutic approaches and a lack of specific treatment algorithms. This systematic review aimed to determine the therapeutic approaches for pediatric...
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) represent a complex interplay between autoimmune and fibrotic processes that poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The dist...
Therapeutic options with immunosuppressive agents for glomerular diseases have widened with refinements to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines from 2012 to 2021. However, international guidelines do not necessarily match t...
Background: Liver transplant recipients are highly susceptible to invasive fungal infections, particularly candidemia, due to intensive immunosuppressive therapy and postoperative complications. However, few studies have comprehensively examined post...
This study evaluates the antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with neuroimmunological disorders (pwNID) who are receiving immunomodulating treatments, compared to healthy individuals. It included 25 pwNID with conditions such as opti...
The marine environment is a rich source of both biological and chemical diversity. This diversity has been the source of unique chemical compounds with the potential for industrial development as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nutritional supplements, m...
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis is a significant entity in hospitalized patients with ulcerative colitis, particularly during immunosuppressive therapy. The factors associated with antiviral treatment duration remain incompletely defined. This retrospe...
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The aim was to adapt and validate the Modified Transplant Symptom Occurrence and Symptom Distress Scale (MTSOSD-59R) for kidney transplant recipients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy in Korea. The MTSOSD-59R has been used with solid organ transpl...
Obesity and diabetes mellitus epidemics exert a measurable impact on the liver transplant (Ltx) population. This study aimed to investigate the metabolic profile of Ltx recipients and its association with body fat distribution. Adults who underwent d...
The pharmacological treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) aims to decrease disease activity, progression, systemic compromise, and mortality. Among the pharmacological alternatives, there are chemically synthesized drugs whose efficacy has...
Donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) is used as a biomarker for detection of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and other forms of graft injury. Another potential indication is guidance of immunosuppressive therapy when no therapeutic drug monitori...
Background: In liver transplant (LT) recipients, immunosuppressive therapy may potentially increase the risk of severe COVID-19 and may increase the mortality in patients. However, studies have shown conflicting results, with various studies reportin...
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a varied inflammatory chronic liver disease. AIH’s prevalence varies and has increased recently. Diagnosis involves the discovery of histologic features following liver biopsy and serologic testing. Clinical featur...
Background/Objective: To investigate the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and rituximab (RTX) on pulmonary function test (PFT) results in a mixed cohort of patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD), l...
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the immune system which sense pathogens and present their antigens to prime the adaptive immune responses. As the progression of sepsis occurs, DCs are capable of orchestrating the aberrant innate immune...
Background/Objective: To describe the clinical features and radiological outcomes of patients with spinal cord neurosarcoidosis, treatments, and long-term follow-up for this rare disorder. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective medical chart revie...
Background: Organ transplantation in children is a vital procedure for those with end-stage organ failure, but it has been linked to the development of post-transplant allergies, especially food allergies. This phenomenon, known as transplant-acquire...
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) in COVID-19 patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment, which has been insufficiently studied to date. Secondarily, we aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence...
In recent years, the incidence of fungal infections in humans has increased dramatically, accompanied by an expansion in the number of species implicated as etiological agents, especially environmental fungi never involved before in human infection....
Background/Objectives: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a progressive autoimmune disease characterized by widespread fibrosis, including skin thickening. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is commonly used in SSc-associated interstitial lung disease, but its eff...
Background: Lupus nephritis (LN), a major complication of systemic lupus erythematosus, remains a key determinant of morbidity and mortality despite therapeutic progress. Objective: An expert report aims to present multidisciplinary insights from lea...
Background/Objectives: Combining calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) with mTOR inhibitors has been explored to reduce CNI exposure. However, the safety of this early conversion approach remains uncertain, and the optimal therapeutic targets for tacrolimus...
Background/Objectives: Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease is a bilateral granulomatous panuveitis that can progress to a chronic, relapsing phase. Patients refractory or intolerant to systemic corticosteroids and conventional immunomodula...
Background and Objectives: Immunosuppressive medication adherence is essential for maintaining graft function and long-term survival after liver transplantation, yet adherence may be influenced by treatment complexity, psychosocial burden, and post-t...
Pulmonary cryptococcosis describes an invasive lung mycosis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans or Cryptococcus gattii complex. It is often a high-consequence disease in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent populations, and may be misdiagnosed as...
Introduction: Tacrolimus is a cornerstone immunosuppressant in kidney transplantation (KT), but its narrow therapeutic index necessitates precise monitoring. Early post-transplant tacrolimus trough concentrations (C0) are critical, as suboptimal leve...
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the prototype of systemic autoimmune diseases is characterized by extreme heterogeneity with a variable clinical course. Renal involvement may be observed and affects the outcome. Hydroxychloroquine should be admin...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in the setting of immunosuppressive therapy is an increasingly recognized and preventable cause of elevated liver enzymes and clinical hepatitis in treated patients. However, not all immunosuppressive therapies co...
Liver transplantation (LT) is the standard of care for both end-stage liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Side effects of the main used immunosuppressive drugs have a noteworthy impact on the long-term outcome of LT recipients. Conseque...
An innovative immunosuppressant with a minimally invasive delivery system has emerged in the biomedical field. The application of biodegradable and biocompatible polymer forms, such as hydrogels, scaffolds, microspheres, and nanoparticles, in transpl...
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease usually treated with immunomodulatory/immunosuppressive agents. The use of these agents has been associated with an increased susceptibility to infections. Vaccination might represent a critical aspect...
Anti-rejection medications are essential in preventing organ rejection amongst solid organ transplant recipients; however, these agents also cause profound immunosuppression, predisposing lung transplant recipients (LTRs) to infectious complications....
Patients with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have increased risk of developing intestinal and extraintestinal cancers. However, once a diagnosis of malignancy is made, the therapeutic management of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative...
Kidney transplant recipients are a unique subgroup of chronic kidney disease patients due to their single functioning kidney, immunosuppressive agent usage, and long-term complications related to transplantation. Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PT...
Background: Immunosuppressive agents represent a broad group of drugs, such as calcineurin inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, and glucocorticosteroids, among others. These drugs are widely used in a number of conditions, but lifelong therapy is crucial in...
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