Freezing effectively extends the shelf life of food and maintains product quality by inhibiting microorganisms, enzyme activity, and chemical reactions. However, issues such as ice crystal formation, protein denaturation, lipid oxidation, and the low...
Ice nucleation temperatures and associated ice growth rates are critical parameters in defining the initial ice morphology template, which governs dry layer resistance during sublimation and therefore impacts primary drying kinetics and overall proce...
The modifiers NTC (nano-TiO2/CaCO3) and BF (basalt fiber) were adopted to modify a base matrix asphalt mixture. The base matrix asphalt mixture and three kinds of modified asphalt mixture under F–T (freeze–thaw) cycles were scanned by com...
The freeze-drying process removes water from a product through freezing, sublimation and desorption procedures. However, the extreme conditions of the freeze-drying environment, such as the limited space, vacuum and freezing temperatures of as much a...
In high-altitude and cold regions, external dynamic geological processes, such as glacial melting and other processes are intense, which frequently results in surface dynamic geological processes, such as slope collapse, landslides, debris flows, and...
With a novel Freeze Foaming method, it is possible to manufacture porous cellular components whose structure and composition also enables them for application as artificial bones, among others. To tune the foam properties to our needs, we have to und...
In the pharmaceutical industry, freeze-drying is crucial for the stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Monitoring this complex process presents challenges as traditional methods often lack real-time insights, potentially leading to q...
With the development of the agro-processing industry, the efficient cryogenic treatment and resource utilization of porcine bile—a high-value byproduct—has received increasing attention. This study investigates the dynamic behaviour and f...
Background/Objectives: Recently, new methods of monitoring sublimation flow during freeze-drying operations have been proposed. They are based either on measuring the difference between the temperature of the heat transfer liquid at the inlet and out...
Models for ice sublimation from a freeze-drying vial rely on the assumption of a planar ice interface up to ~25% loss of ice mass (which is difficult to qualify) whereas single-vial determinations of the sublimation endpoint (by temperature sensors)...
Carrier particle spray freeze-drying is a new technology with high added value for thermosensitive powder spray freeze-drying. The technology includes the following steps: atomization, coating, freezing, and drying. Due to the action of carrier parti...
The freezing stage governs several critical parameters of the freeze drying process and the quality of the resulting lyophilized products. This paper presents an integrated ultrasonic transducer (UT) in a stainless steel bottle and its application to...
The measurement of product temperature is one of the methods that can be adopted, especially in the pharmaceutical industry, to monitor the freeze-drying process and to obtain the values of the process parameters required by mathematical models usefu...
Freeze-drying (FD) processing preserves foods by combining the most effective traditional technologies. FD conserves the structure, shape, freshness, nutritional/bioactive value, color, and aroma at levels similar to or better than those of refrigera...
Freezing is a well-established preservation method used to maintain the freshness of perishable food products during storage, transportation and retail distribution; however, food freezing is a complex process involving simultaneous heat and mass tra...
As global demand for freshwater grows, seawater desalination has become one of the most promising methods for obtaining freshwater. Many coastal nations have included it in their sustainable development plans and are actively advancing related techno...
Preservation of meat through freezing entails the use of low temperatures to extend a product’s shelf-life, mainly by reducing the rate of microbial spoilage and deterioration reactions. Characteristics of meat that are important to be preserve inclu...
Forest owners will be able to solve the problem of protecting small forest seeds from mechanical and atmospheric influences during aerial sowing, as well as the problem of manufacturing capsules in the field, saving financial, time and material resou...
Vacuum freeze-drying of biological materials is one of the best methods of water removal, with final products of highest quality. The solid state of water during freeze-drying protects the primary structure and the shape of the products with minimal...
Drying is the main technical means of fruit and vegetable processing and storage; freeze drying is one of the best dehydration processes for fruit and vegetables, and the quality of the final product obtained is the highest. The process is carried ou...
This article provides an overview on manufacturing composite carbon nanofiber-based aerogels through freeze casting technology. As known, freeze casting is a relatively new manufacturing technique for generating highly porous structures. During the p...
The pharmaceutical industry is progressing toward the development of more continuous manufacturing techniques. At the same time, the industry is striving toward more process understanding and improved process control, which requires the implementatio...
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of application of pulsed electric field (PEF) and different freezing methods (fast, slow and vacuum freezing) on the drying kinetics as well as selected physical properties of freeze-dried apple. Th...
This research comparatively investigates different mangosteen pericarp processing schemes. The experimental pericarp processing schemes were hot air drying (HAD; control), quick freezing/HAD (QF + HAD), slow freezing/HAD (SF + HAD), and slow freezing...
The present article responds to the food engineering community’s growing interest in an emerging and lauded approach to food preservation, popularised by its developers as ‘isochoric freezing’. A strong campaign in the scientific li...
Lyophilization is a widely used preservation method for thermosensitive products. It consists of three process steps: freezing, primary and secondary drying. One of the major drawbacks is the long processing time. The main optimization effort was put...
The aim of this study was to reveal the macroscopic and mesoscopic deterioration behaviors of concrete under the coupling effect of chlorine salt erosion and the freezing–thawing cycle. The rapid freezing–thawing test was carried out in a 5% chlorine...
Freeze-drying is one of the most expensive and most energy intensive processes applied in food technology. Therefore, there have been significant efforts to reduce the freeze-drying time and decrease its energy consumption. The aim of this work was t...
In the process of using the freezing method to uncover coal from stone gates, the thermal evolution profiles of the coal body during the freezing process tend to be complex due to the presence of gas and moisture. To investigate the temperature respo...
Seafood preservation techniques have evolved from ancient methods to modern innovations like canning, freezing, and surimi production. Canning in the 19th century introduced airtight containers, while commercial freezing technologies like flash freez...
Freeze-drying has always been considered an extremely expensive procedure to dehydrate food or pharmaceutical products, and for this reason, it has been employed only if strictly necessary or when the high added value of the final product could justi...
Antarctic krill (Euphausua superba) need to undergo freeze-drying to facilitate lipid extraction, but freeze-drying is time-consuming and energy-intensive, resulting in high processing costs. Microwave heating technology can reduce freeze-drying time...
Concrete is a versatile material widely used in modern construction. However, concrete is also subject to freeze–thaw damage, which can significantly reduce its mechanical properties and lead to premature failure. Therefore, the objective of th...
It has been demonstrated previously in the literature that utilization of PEF or a combination of a pulsed electric field (PEF) and ultrasounds (US) can facilitate dehydration processes and improve the quality of dried products even better than the a...
Spin freeze-drying, as a part of a continuous freeze-drying technology, is associated with a much higher drying rate and a higher level of process control in comparison with batch freeze-drying. However, the impact of the spin freezing rate on the dr...
The surface drying process is an important technology in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and food industries. The final stage of formulation development (i.e., the drying process) faces several challenges, and overall mastering depends on the end ste...
Persistent microplastics contaminate wastewater systems and pose significant environmental and human health risks due to their small size, buoyancy, persistence, and diverse physicochemical properties, which reduce the effectiveness of conventional t...
Impermeability and water blocking are crucial for remediating shallow groundwater contamination. Traditional methods often employ curtain-grouting technology to create impermeable layers. However, cement slurry curing is irreversible, leading to perm...
Currently, existing studies primarily perform damage simulations based on random aggregate mesoscale models of concrete. In contrast, research on freeze–thaw numerical simulations based on realistic concrete mesostructural models remains relati...
Mechanically aerated yeast-free dough is particularly susceptible to freeze–thaw damage because its porous structure is formed before freezing and cannot be restored during thawing due to the absence of fermentation. This study investigated the...
The freeze-sealing pipe roof (FSPR) method was applied as an innovative construction technology to the Gongbei Tunnel of the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge. A freezing scheme involving master freezing tubes, enhancing freezing tubes, and limiting free...
Recently, attention has been drawn to microwave-assisted freeze-drying (MFD), as it drastically reduces the typically long drying times of biopharmaceuticals in conventional freeze-drying (CFD). Nevertheless, previously described prototype machines l...
Spray-drying and freeze-drying can extend the shelf life and improve the transportability of high-nutritional foods such as Liluva (processing water of legumes). Nonetheless, the effects of these processes on nutrition, physiochemical properties, and...
Fruits are essential for a healthy diet, as they contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and some cancers, which is attributed to their high bioactive compound content contributing to their antioxidant capacity. Nevertheless, fruits h...
This study explored the feasibility of applying transcritical CO2 in an artificial ground freezing method. By carrying out indoor modeling tests, the temperature field evolution law and the development characteristics of the freezing front during the...
The growing world population necessitates the implementation of appropriate processing technologies for edible insects. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of distinct drying techniques, including convective drying at 70 °C (70C...
Against the backdrop of global warming, changes in the frequency and intensity of freeze–thaw cycles in cold regions profoundly impact soil physical structure. This review examines the mechanisms by which freeze–thaw cycles influence soil...
The antioxidant activity (AOA) of plant foods is recognized as an index of the potential health benefits resulting from their consumption. Due to their high perishability and seasonality, plant foods are largely consumed or used as processed products...
It has been established that one of the main problems in the technology of the production of loose food products is the sticking of vegetables or fruits into one block. It has been proven that one of the steps to solve this problem is the use of berr...
During the spin freezing step of a recently developed continuous spin freeze-drying technology, glass vials are rapidly spun along their longitudinal axis. The aqueous drug formulation subsequently spreads over the inner vial wall, while a cold gas f...
of 9