Background: Short tandem repeats (STRs) are highly variable sequences present along the human genome, including the Y-chromosome. Y-STRs are exclusive to males, and the haplotypes they define are informative. Objectives: Twenty-six Y-STR loci were ge...
Background/Objectives: The Casablanca-Settat region of Morocco, located at the interface between Arab and Amazigh cultural zones, has only recently been investigated using autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) markers. The objective of this study was t...
Microhaplotypes (MHs) are a novel class of genetic markers, exhibiting features that position them as an alternative to STRs and SNPs in addressing challenges commonly encountered in forensic investigations. Additionally, MHs can also offer valuable...
Background: Analyzing Y-chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) is essential in forensic genetics and population studies. The Yfiler™ Plus kit, which includes 27 Y-STR markers, enhances the discrimination power for forensic and kinship applica...
Background/Objectives: Microhaplotypes have emerged as promising genetic markers for forensic applications, combining low mutation rates with high polymorphic information. However, population data remain limited for several regions, including Portuga...
Background/Objectives: Emerging forensic genetic applications, such as forensic investigative genetic genealogy (FIGG), advanced DNA phenotyping, and distant kinship inference, increasingly require dense SNP genotype datasets. However, forensic-grade...
Background/Objectives: Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STR) are genetic markers widely used in forensic and population genetics. However, despite their importance, many populations remain under-represented in published studies and genetic datab...
Background/Objectives: The cranial base, especially the posterior cranial fossa, has openings with population-specific morphometry. This study aimed to assess the morphometric characteristics of the major posterior cranial fossa openings (foramen mag...
Background: The Pech ethnic group, comprising approximately 6024 individuals in northeastern Honduras, represents one of the country’s smallest indigenous communities with a rich cultural heritage extending to pre-Columbian times. Despite their...
Conventional forensic DNA profiling predominantly utilizes established core sets of autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs), such as the FBI’s Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) and the European Standard Set (ESS). While these panels are effective...
(1) Background: Insertion-deletion (InDel) markers show the advantages of both short tandem repeats (STRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and are considered alternative markers in forensic genetics. (2) Methods: Allelic frequencies and co...
Background: The Tawahka ethnic group, with approximately 2690 individuals in northeastern Honduras, represents one of the country’s smallest indigenous communities. No genetic studies have been published on this population, and population-speci...
One of the parameters forensic anthropologists have traditionally estimated is ancestry, which is used in the United States as a proxy for social race. Its use is controversial because the biological race concept was debunked by scientists decades ag...
Background: The Maya Chortí are a Mesoamerican Indigenous group of approximately 33,256 individuals in Copán and Ocotepeque, western Honduras, historically, linguistically, and culturally linked to the Classic Maya tradition of Cop&aacu...
Background/Objectives: African swine fever (ASF) has caused substantial wild boar (Sus scrofa) mortality across Europe and prompted intensive density-reduction measures, yet its long-term effects on population genetics remain poorly understood. To ou...
Background/Objectives: The Bedouins (nomads) and the Fellahin (farmers) of Jordan represent two distinct subpopulations, characterized by unique lifestyles, settlement patterns, and linguistic features. This study aims to estimate the frequency of 27...
In some jurisdictions, race, ancestry or population affinity are part of the biological profile used in preliminary identification, for historical and political reasons. It is long overdue for forensic anthropologists to abandon this typological appr...
Y chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) have been widely harnessed for forensic applications, such as pedigree source searching from public security databases and male identification from male–female mixed samples. For various populations,...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to assess the potential of sternal morphometric parameters derived from multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for sex estimation in a contemporary Greek population. A secondary objective was to develop and e...
Background/Objectives: Nasal morphology is an important craniofacial feature in forensic anthropology for examining population-level variation and informing biological profiling in living individuals. Despite genetic, historical, and cultural similar...
Background: Stature estimation is a key parameter in biological profiling of human skeletal remains and thus in aiding in the identification process of the deceased. Various methods, including anatomical approaches, multifactorial regressions and org...
Background/Objectives: The Black Caribbean population of Honduras, also referred to locally as Negro Inglés, constitutes one of the country’s nine recognized indigenous and Afro-descendant peoples. Predominantly settled in the Bay Island...
Forensic anthropologists rely on a number of parameters when analyzing human skeletal remains to assist in the identification of the deceased, predominantly age-at-death, sex, stature, ancestry or population affinity, and any unique identifying featu...
Forensic age determination in presumed minors is affected by a structural tension between biological uncertainty, juridical thresholds, and the ethical duty to protect childhood. Conventional dental age estimation methods provide point estimates of c...
Background/Objectives: The external occipital protuberance (EOP) is an anatomical landmark with radiological and anthropological implications. Although the morphology and prevalence of EOP have been studied in many populations, data remain lacking fo...
Background/Objectives: Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is strongly associated with violence, substance use, criminal behavior, and elevated suicide risk. Although inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation have been implicated in severe psychiat...
In this study, 172 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) (94 identity-informative SNPs, 56 ancestry-informative SNPs, and 22 phenotypic-informative SNPs) included in the ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep kit/DNA Primer Mix B (Verogen) were used for...
Background/Objectives: The widespread adoption of short tandem repeat (STR) marker technology in genetic analysis has led to the collection of substantial STR data from diverse populations. Allele-frequency data provide robust forensic utility and su...
Background/Objectives: The estimation of age in skeletal remains is particularly challenging in adults due to the reduction in reliable morphological indicators with age. One valuable marker for this purpose is root translucency, either alone or in c...
This study investigates the genetic diversity and population structure of Castanopsis tribuloides, a vital tree species in Asian forest ecosystems. Understanding the genetic patterns of keystone forest species provides critical insights into forest r...
Background: Post-mortem cardiac magnetic resonance (PMCMR) is an emerging tool supporting forensic medicine for the identification of the causes of cardiac death, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We proposed a new method of PMCMR to diagnos...
Background/Objective: Sex estimation from cranial remains is essential in forensic biological profile reconstruction, yet systematic comparisons of statistical classifiers under formally verified assumption conditions remain limited in Thai populatio...
Background: The Garifunas are a distinctive Afro-indigenous community of Honduras, originating from the historical admixture of Island Carib, Arawak, and West African peoples in the seventeenth-century Caribbean. With an estimated 43,111 individuals...
Background: The thoracolumbar junction (TLJ) includes the T11–L2 vertebral segments. It is a pivotal biomechanical transition zone between the rigid thoracic spine and the more mobile lumbar spine. Accurate morphometric data from this region are cruc...
Fatal free falls (FFF) represent a distinct form of blunt force trauma and pose a significant challenge in forensic investigations, particularly in estimating fall height and differentiating between accidental and suicidal events. Postmortem computed...
Gender determination is the first step in forensic identification, followed by age and height determination, which are both affected by gender. This study assessed the accuracy of gender estimation using mandibular morphometric indices on panoramic r...
This study evaluates the distal femur morphology of the Thai population using a three-dimensional (3D) measurement method, measuring the distance between the triangular point of the femoral 3D model. The 3D model of 360 Thai femoral obtained from 180...
Biological profile estimation is an important task of biological and forensic anthropologists. This includes sex, age, ancestry, and body morphology. In bioarchaeology, the biological profile is useful to analyze paleodemography, secular trends, pale...
Background/Objectives: Paranasal sinus morphometry on computed tomography (CT) is of interest for forensic sex estimation, but many published predictive models rely on in-sample formulas without cross-validation, external testing, or release of model...
Background: Sexual dimorphism in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) is evident in external features, but skeletal differences remain underexplored. This study aimed to examine the skull, scapula, and pelvis using traditional morphometric methods to as...
Mapping facial skin in terms of its biophysical properties plays a fundamental role in many practical applications, including, among others, forensics, medical and beauty treatments, and cosmetic and restorative surgery. In this paper we present an i...
Background: Anthropology relies on the morphological and metric characteristics of bone structures to estimate an individual’s biological traits. The mandible is considered a reliable bone for estimating age and biological sex. Therefore, this...
The present study aimed to analyze the gender dimorphism in odontometrics of permanent maxillary canines using a three-dimensional digital method and to test the accuracy in gender estimation using discriminant function analysis in a sample of the Sa...
Background/Objectives: Children and adolescents exposed to criminal victimization are at increased risk for depression; however, the contribution of nutritional status to depressive symptom severity in this vulnerable population remains poorly unders...
Background and Objectives: The sacrum is formed by five fused vertebrae and connects the lumbar spine to the coccyx. It has four pairs of foramina for sacral nerves and shows important anatomical variations. This study aims to analyze the frequency o...