Levitated micro-resonators in vacuums have attracted widespread attention due to their application potential in precision force sensing, acceleration sensing, mass measurement and gravitational wave sensing. The optically levitated microsphere in a c...
The decoy state quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol is proven to be an effective strategy against the photon number splitting attack. It was shown that the 1-decoy state protocol, easier to implement in the practical QKD system, outperforms the 2...
An optical tweezer composed of a strongly focused single-spatial-mode Gaussian beam of a red-detuned 1064-nm laser can confine a single-cesium (Cs) atom at the strongest point of the light intensity. We can use this for coherent manipulation of singl...
To analyze the interrelations among impeller blade geometry, flow field fluctuation intensity and impeller-induced hydrodynamic noise of jet centrifugal pump (JCP), a Gappy proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method combined with computational flui...
An analysis of the features of measurements and correction of phase distortions in optical waves propagating in the atmosphere at various levels of turbulence was performed. It is shown that with increasing intensity fluctuations, the limiting capabi...
How materials evolve at thermal equilibrium and under external excitations at small length and time scales is crucial to the understanding and control of material properties. X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) at X-ray free electron laser (...
We studied a supply chain consisting of multiple suppliers and multiple retailers. We use the Cournot–Stackelberg game, the Market–Stackelberg game, and the Market–Nash game to simulate the situation where the upstream seller’...
Tip clearance has a great effect on the flow and pressure fluctuation characteristics in a multiphase pump, especially at multiple operating points. The phase distribution and pressure fluctuation in tip clearance in a multiphase pump are revealed us...
The application of starlight refraction navigation to spacecraft and space weapons is a significant development. However, the irregular stratospheric atmosphere can cause fluctuations in relative light intensity and refraction angles of refracted sta...
Discriminating a real underwater target echo from a synthetic echo is a key challenge to identifying an underwater target. The structure of an echo envelope contains information which closely relates to the physical parameters of the underwater targe...
Side channel pumps are important machines for handling toxic, explosive or other dangerous liquids in various engineering processes. However, the operational reliability of these pumps is directly affected by the intensity of the pressure and velocit...
Based on wind field data measured during the landfall of Typhoon Jangmi in Wenzhou in 2008, this study analyzes wind field characteristics, including wind speed, wind direction, probability density, turbulence intensity, gust factor, peak factor, pow...
This paper presents the implementation of power fluctuation compensation for an intensity-based optical fibre bending sensor aimed at monitoring human spine bending in a clinical environment. To compensate for the light intensity changes from the sen...
This paper presents a comparative study of forward-backward correlations and multiplicity fluctuations in experimental data and in HIJING Monte Carlo simulations of Pb–Pb collisions at s NN = 2 . 76 TeV. The analysis focuses on two observ...
To reveal the spatiotemporal variations in near-surface oxygen content during the growing season across different altitudinal gradients in Qinghai Province and to deepen the understanding of oxygen cycling in plateau ecosystems, this study analyzed d...
In phenomenological thermodynamics, the canonical coordinates of a physical system split in pairs, with each pair consisting of an extensive quantity and an intensive one. In the present paper, the quasithermodynamic fluctuation theory of a model sys...
The turbulence intensity (TI) is defined as the ratio of fluctuation from the standard deviation of wind velocity to the mean value. Many studies have been performedon TI for flow dynamics and adapted various field such as aerodynamics, jets, wind tu...
To obtain the influence of airfoil camber on the internal pressure fluctuation of a bidirectional axial-flow pump, the unsteady Reynolds time-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equation was solved to predict the internal flow structure under three...
(1) Background: Delirium is a serious condition in patients undergoing treatment for somatic diseases, leading to poor prognosis. However, the pathophysiology of delirium is not fully understood and should be clarified for its adequate treatment. Thi...
We derived analytical expressions for the correlation of intensity fluctuations of a partially coherent Gaussian Schell-model plane-wave pulse scattered by deterministic and random media. Our results extend the study of correlation of intensity fluct...
Cycle-to-cycle variations during the combustion phase should be comprehensively investigated because these variations are among the most serious causes of higher emissions and lower efficiency. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the rel...
In this study, the problem of the influence of a horizontally inhomogeneous liquid bottom impedance, given by random Gaussian function of the speed of sound and by density, on the propagation of low-frequency sound in a shallow-water waveguide is con...
Few studies have examined the effects of different aerobic-exercise intensities on intraocular-pressure (IOP) changes. This may be important for eye diseases that are impacted by IOP or its fluctuation, including glaucoma, and diabetes that is compli...
Background and Objective: Bradycardia has been observed among patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is suspected to be associated with poorer outcomes. Heart rate (HR) fluctuation has been found to be...
Radar point clouds will experience variations in density, which may cause incorrect alerts during clustering. In turn, it will diminish the precision of the decision-level fusion method. To address this problem, a target detection algorithm based on...
This paper employs Bayesian probability theory for analyzing data generated in femtosecond pump-probe photoelectron-photoion coincidence (PEPICO) experiments. These experiments allow investigating ultrafast dynamical processes in photoexcited molecul...
Fluctuating light (FL) can cause the selective photoinhibition of photosystem I (PSI) in angiosperms. In nature, leaves usually experience FL conditions with the same low light and different high light intensities, but the effects of different FL con...
X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) enables the study of sample dynamics between micrometer and atomic length scales. As a coherent scattering technique, it benefits from the increased brilliance of the next-generation synchrotron radiation...
Under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, with the expansion of the scope of power market-oriented reform and the increase in uncertainty of social, political, and economic factors outside the market, the market environment...
Photosynthetic induction and stomatal kinetics are acknowledged as pivotal factors in regulating both plant growth and water use efficiency under fluctuating light conditions. However, the considerable variability in methodologies and light regimes u...
The Earth’s atmosphere is the living environment in which we live and cannot escape. Atmospheric turbulence is a typical random inhomogeneous medium, which causes random fluctuations of both the amplitude and phase of optical wave propagating t...
The increased adoption of wind power has generated global discourse in wind energy meteorology. Studies based on turbine performances show a deviation of actual output from power curve output, thereby yielding errors irrespective of the turbine site....
Recent study points to the value of a non-linear heart rate variability (HRV) biomarker using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA a1) for aerobic threshold determination (HRVT). Significance of recording artefact, correction methods and device bias o...
(1) Background: Our previous studies indicated that low-intensity extremely low-frequency electric field (ELF-EF) treatment alters autonomic activities, as revealed through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. However, the high-frequency (HF) compo...
In the melt-blowing process, micro/nanofibrous nonwovens are attenuated and formed through aerodynamic force in a turbulent airflow field. In this work, two types of airflow-directors were added under a common melt-blowing slot-die nozzle to obtain m...
A large number of studies have confirmed that oil speculation has played a vital role in oil price fluctuation in recent years. However, the heterogeneous impact of oil financialization on oil price fluctuation has not received enough attention. Base...
Based on the local mode method, the problem of the average intensity (transmission loss) behavior in shallow waveguides with losses in the bottom and fluctuations of the speed of sound in water is considered. It was previously shown that the presence...
Turbulence can cause effects such as light intensity fluctuations and phase fluctuations when a laser is transmitted in the atmosphere, which has serious impacts on a number of optical engineering application effects and on climate improvement. There...
In order to enrich the research on the influence of weather factors on agricultural economy and provide practical decision-making references for the relevant market entities, this study took pointed pepper, loofah, Chinese chives and tomato as exampl...
Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy (FFS) techniques rely on determination of monomeric molecular brightness, i.e., the fluorescence intensity of a single, non-aggregated fluorophore, as a critical reference for estimating protein oligomer size. By...
For a low-frequency sound signal propagating in a two-dimensionally inhomogeneous shallow-water waveguide, the influence of random bathymetry (fluctuating bottom boundary) was considered based on the local-mode approach and statistical modeling using...
The interest in random fiber lasers (RFLs), first demonstrated one decade ago, is still growing and their basic characteristics have been studied by several authors. RFLs are open systems that present instabilities in the intensity fluctuations due t...
China’s socio-economic growth path aims to achieve full and sustainable employment, which requires an in-depth understanding of the linkages between employment and different industrial sectors within the economic system. The objective of this s...
Fluctuating light is a typical light condition in nature and can cause selective photodamage to photosystem I (PSI). The sensitivity of PSI to fluctuating light is influenced by the amplitude of low/high light intensity. Tobacco mature leaves are ten...
Crops often face light intensity fluctuations in natural settings. Intercropping is widely used to improve crop yield and resource utilization worldwide, but crops suffer from high-frequency and high-intensity light fluctuations due to mutual crop in...
In this study, the characteristics of the total electron content (TEC) fluctuations and their regional differences over China were analyzed by utilizing the rate of the TEC index (ROTI) based on GPS data from 21 reference stations across China during...
The threat and destructiveness of landslide disasters caused by extreme rainfall are increasing. Rainfall intensity is a key factor in the mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides. However, under natural conditions, rainfall intensity is highly varia...
This study systematically investigates the pressure fluctuation in the riser of a dual interconnected circulating fluidized bed (CFB) representing a 10 kWth cold-flow model (CFM) of a chemical-looping combustion (CLC) system. Specifically, a single-s...
Internal solitary waves evolving with time in shallow water are known to affect sound propagation significantly. Unlike prior work studying the acoustic effects of individual internal-wave properties separately, this paper elucidates and evaluates th...
The aim of this study was to investigate the action mechanism of the rotor–stator interaction (RSI) on the transient flow field and hydrodynamic noise field inside the impeller of jet centrifugal pumps (JCPs) and optimize effects of the guide v...
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