Trees that grow in close proximity to other trees are subject to crown and branch abrasion, causing mechanical injury. The loss of branch tips and buds through abrasion can affect the architecture and growth of tree crowns. This research quantifies t...
Research Highlights: We present statistical methods for using crown measurement data from multiple destructive sampling studies to model crown profiles in the Tree and Stand Simulator (TASS) and evaluate it using component (branch-level) and aggregat...
The aim of the work was to analyze the preferential solvation process, and determine the composition of the solvation shell of cyclic ethers using the calorimetric method. The heat of solution of 1,4-dioxane, 12-crown-4, 15-crown-5 and 18-crown-6 eth...
The crown conveys a rich tapestry of history and deep cultural resonances among the Yoruba people of South-western Nigeria, beyond its representation as an emblem of leadership, royalty, and nobility. This article explores layers of the meaning of cr...
Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are frequent among individuals of all ages, with a prevalence ranging from 12–22%, with crown and crown–root fractures being the most common. Fragment reattachment using light-cured nanocomposites is the re...
Point cloud data obtained by laser scanning can be used for object shape modeling and analysis, including forest inventory. One of the inventory tasks is individual tree extraction and measurement. However, individual tree segmentation, especially tr...
Positively charged metal–ammonia complexes are known to host peripheral, diffuse electrons around their molecular skeleton. The resulting neutral species form materials known as expanded or liquid metals. Alkali, alkaline earth, and transition...
The solution enthalpy of 15-crown-5 and 18-crown-6 ethers in the mixture of formamide (F) and water (W) was measured at four temperatures: 293.15 K, 298.15 K, 303.15 K, 308.15 K. The standard molar enthalpy of solution,
Taking 1735 Pinus koraiensis knots in Mengjiagang Forest Farm plantations in Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province as the research object, a dynamic tree height, effective crown height, and crown base height growth model was developed using 349 screene...
Background: Determination of the eligibility of several tooth analog materials for use in crown fracture testing. Methods: A standardized premolar crown preparation was replicated into three types of resin dies (C&B, low modulus 3D printed resin;...
Background/Objectives: With advancements in technology, three-dimensional (3D) printing has become widely used, offering many advantages. Recently, 3D printing has been utilized for the fabrication of permanent crowns. However, there is still a need...
Theoretical tree crop ideotypes have long and narrow live crowns with a high total leaf area. This crown form allows more efficient exploitation of site resources, in part by physically occupying less growing space per unit leaf area and by packing a...
Crown roots are essential for plants to obtain water and nutrients, perceive environmental changes, and synthesize plant hormones. In this study, we identified and characterized short crown root 8 (scr8), which exhibited a defective phenotype of crow...
The evolution of the 4-variate probability distribution of the diameter at the breast height, total height, crown base height, and crown width against the age in a forest stand is of great interest to forest management and the evaluation of forest re...
To analyze the main variables affecting crown biomass, we measured crown biomass and a number of variables describing tree size, such as stem diameter at breast height (D), tree height (H), crown width (Cw) and crown length (Cl), from 754 sample tree...
The pH-profiles of the extraction of Cs+ into four conventional (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and bis[trifluoromethyl)sulphonyl]imides of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium, and 1-(2-ethylhexyl)-3- methylimida...
Mismatched complexes of the alkali metals cations Li+ and Na+ were synthesized from 1,2-disila[18]crown-6 (1 and 2) and of K+ from 1,2,4,5-tetrasila[18]crown-6 (4). In these alkali metal complexes, not all crown ether O atoms participate in the coord...
Improving prediction accuracy is a prominent modeling issue in relation to forest simulations, and ensemble learning is a new effective method for improving the precision of crown profile model simulations in order to overcome the disadvantages of st...
Discrimination and intersecting forms of oppression directed at Black women influence how they look, live, work, interact with others, and even view their bodies and identities. Black hair has been and remains a target of this discrimination and oppr...
The growth and production potential of a tree depends on its crown dimensions as these are closely related to a tree’s photosynthetic capacity. However, tree crowns have been studied less compared to their main stems because of their lower market val...
Biomass reflects the state of forest management and is critical for assessing forest benefits and carbon storage. The effective crown is the region above the lower limit of the forest crown that includes the maximum vertical distribution density of b...
As the banana industry develops, the demand for intelligent banana crown cutting is increasing. To achieve efficient crown cutting of bananas, accurate segmentation of the banana crown is crucial for the operation of a banana crown cutting device. In...
A luminescent aza-27-crown-9 ether amino acid was prepared by a three-step reaction sequence. The compound signals ammonium ion binding by an increase in emission intensity.
To accurately estimate the pith position, a method was proposed for estimating the pith position by the crown width. The crown widths of 120 trees and radiuses of each disc extracted at the height of 1.3 m from these trees were measured in four direc...
Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the laser removal of implant-supported ceramic single crowns, focusing on their efficiency and the potential reusability of the removed restorations. Methods: Sixty single crowns mad...
25 November 2021
Crown rot disease is caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum and is one of the major stubble-soil fungal diseases threatening the cereal industry globally. It causes failure of grain establishment, which brings significant yield loss. Screening crops af...
The article is concerned with the experimental study of the crown fire effect on atmospheric transport processes: the formation of induced turbulence in the vicinity of the fire source and the transport of aerosol combustion products in the atmospher...
To effectively optimize the mechanical behavior of a traditional anti-slide pile and reduce environmental destruction, a new method for slope reinforcement by a spatial arc crown beam composite supporting structure was proposed. First, a numerical mo...
Reforestation in sloping terrain is an important measure for soil erosion control and sustainable watershed management. The mechanical stability of such reforested stands, however, can be low due to a strong asymmetric shape of tree crowns. We invest...
The restoration of endodontically treated teeth is one of the main challenges of restorative dentistry. The structure of the tooth is a complex assembly in which the materials that make it up, enamel and dentin, have very different mechanical behavio...
Objectives: To characterize the microflora profile of supragingival biofilm in patients with and without full-crown prostheses. Methods: Plaque samples of full-crown prostheses and teeth in patients with porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns, all-ceramic c...
Objectives: To compare artificial intelligence (AI) crown design with expert or non-AI computer-aided (CAD) design for single-unit tooth and implant-supported crowns across efficiency, marginal and internal fit, morphology and occlusion, and mechanic...
According to the uniform-stress principle of stem formation, the amount of leaf area a tree carries and the leverage it exerts on the stem determine the stem dimensions. Within an even-aged monoculture, the leaf area per tree and the leverage placed...
Condensed tannins play a major role in the quality of red wine. After grape extraction, they quickly evolve thanks to different oxidation mechanisms. Recently, NMR identified a new sub class of condensed tannins, named crown procyanidins, in red wine...
Television series enhance the social visibility of their content, as is the case with Queen Elizabeth II and The Crown. Netflix is the streaming television platform that has turned Peter Morgan’s successful series (2016) into a television icon...
A symmetrically disubstituted derivative of the highly fluorescing and photostable rubicene was incorporated in a macrocycle using high dilution conditions and a hydroxyrubicene was functionalized with a modified aminobenzo-15-crown-5.
In current individual tree crown (ITC) delineation methods for high-resolution multispectral imagery, either a spectral band or a brightness component of the multispectral image is employed in delineation with reference to edges or shapes of crowns,...
Microleakage is a persistent problem despite advancement in materials and techniques in fixed prosthodontics. This leads to the importance of sound crown foundation material and luting agents used to maintain the marginal seal. The literature is defi...
Crown deformation is a major concern in the design and construction of underground caverns. It can lead to damage to the cavern structure and surrounding infrastructure and can also pose a safety hazard to workers. This paper studies the factors affe...
The recovery and reuse of the enantioselective catalysts produced by tedious work are important not only from the perspective of green chemistry, but also from the point of view of productivity. Some of the carbohydrate-based crown ethers prepared in...
The proliferation of high-spatial-resolution remote sensing data is transforming forest attribute estimation, replacing traditional manual approaches with deep learning-based Individual Tree Crown Delineation (ITCD). Nevertheless, accurate ITCD bound...
The fire-tolerant eucalypt forests of south eastern Australia are assumed to fully recover from even the most intense fires; however, surprisingly, very few studies have quantitatively assessed that recovery. The accurate assessment of horizontal and...
A new Na+ ionophore with two 12-crown-4 moieties on silicon atoms and hydrophobic hydrocarbon groups on silicon atoms has been synthesized. The silicon-bridged bis(12-crown-4)s were easily obtained in high yield by simply mixing dichlorodiorganosilan...
A microwave scattering model is a powerful tool for determining relationships between vegetation parameters and backscattering characteristics. The crown shape of the vegetation canopy is an important parameter in forestry and affects the microwave s...
A 3.6 ha experimental fire was conducted in a black spruce peatland forest that had undergone thinning the year prior. After 50 m of spread in a natural stand at 35–60 m min−1, the crown fire (43,000 kW m−1 intensity using Byram&rsq...
In this study, the bionic cutter and the multi-curve cutter were designed for cutting crowns and roots, respectively. Two types of cutters were integrated into the device. This integration aims to address the issues of the poor effect of cutting the...
Competition among trees for limited resources (e.g., sunlight, water, and nutrients) impacts their growth differently. Crown plays a crucial role in resource access for trees. However, uncertainties persist regarding crown size differences, tree grow...
Tropical forests concentrate the largest diversity of species on the planet and play a key role in maintaining environmental processes. Due to the importance of those forests, there is growing interest in mapping their components and getting informat...
Accurate crown characterization of large isolated olive trees is vital for adjusting spray doses in three-dimensional crop agriculture. Among the many methodologies available, laser sensors have proved to be the most reliable and accurate. However, t...
Crown shapes of common European urban tree species differ from tree species to tree species and are modified by the age of a tree and its local environment. A tree’s crown shape has a great influence on the crown volume and thus on the ecosystem serv...
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