The modulus of asphalt pavement material is a necessary parameter for the design, strength measuring and stability evaluation of asphalt pavement. To get more precise test data for asphalt pavement material modulus, a new modulus back calculation met...
Real-world plants have various nonlinear characteristics such as friction and hysteresis, so nonlinear control is essential for precise control. In addition, actuators of plants have input constraints, which cause the integrator of the controller to...
Many researchers have failed to utilize back-calculation to estimate traffic emissions effectively or have obtained unclear results. In this study, the back-calculation of traffic-related PM10 emission factors based on roadside concentration measurem...
Despite its effectiveness in determining breakage function parameters (BFPs) for quantifying breakage characteristics in mineral grinding processes, the back-calculation method has limitations owing to the uncertainty regarding the distribution of th...
Distributed optical fiber sensors are a promising technology for monitoring the structural health of large-scale structures. The fiber sensors are usually coated with nonfragile materials to protect the sensor and are bonded onto the structure using...
Population balance models (PBMs) for milling processes are based on two fundamental concepts: specific breakage rate function and breakage distribution function, which vary with particle size as well as design–operation conditions. The solution...
The use of the segmental pipe section immersed tunnel suffers from several problems, such as complex construction, weak foundation, great water depth, great thickness of siltation back on the top of the tube, and difficult settlement control. Based o...
Accurately determining the modulus of each structural layer remains a key challenge in asphalt pavement design, construction quality control, and bearing capacity assessment. This study introduces an ensemble model combining a genetic algorithm-optim...
In extensively used empirical rock-mass classification systems, the rock-mass rating (RMR) and tunneling quality index (Q) system, rock-mass quality, and tunnel span are used for the selection of rock bolt length and spacing and shotcrete thickness....
An important element of numerical modeling for specific mining issues is the selection of model parameters. The incorrect determination of geomechanical parameters can result in significant calculation errors carried throughout the entire problem. Th...
In a Mobile Wireless Sensor Mesh Network (MWSMN), based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, low power consumption is vitally important since the network devices are mostly battery driven. This is especially true for devices dependent on small form factors...
The falling weight deflectometer (FWD) is a widely used nondestructive test (NDT) device in pavement infrastructure. A FWD test measures the surface deflections subjected to an applied impact loading and the modulus of pavement layers can be determin...
This study attempts to back-calculate Manning’s roughness coefficients by repeating a two-dimensional flow simulation to fit the spatially and temporally dense river water-level data observed in Japan’s Yamatsuki River, a typical mountain...
The wels catfish Silurus glanis has been constantly spreading in many European basins, outside its native range. Being a voracious predator, it is considered to have a severe impact on local fish communities. In the Ticino River (Northern Italy), bon...
The study of the distribution form and calculation method of the earth pressure on the back wall of a pilot tunnel under a jacking reaction is very important to ensure the safety and smooth construction of the pipe jacking. Based on a metro station i...
The large amount of carbon stored in trees and soils of the Amazon rain forest is under pressure from land use as well as climate change. Therefore, various efforts to monitor greenhouse gas exchange between the Amazon forest and the atmosphere are n...
Understanding life history parameters is key to assessing demography, biological productivity, and extinction risk of fishes. Age and growth analyses in chondrichthyan fishes (sharks, rays, and ghost sharks) is primarily undertaken through counting v...
The accurate assessment of the structural condition of airfield pavements is of paramount importance to airport authorities as it determines the planning of maintenance activities. On this basis, Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques provide a pow...
In this paper, we propose a new method of optimization based on genetic algorithms using the MATLAB toolbox “Global Optimization”. The algorithm finds layers moduli of a flexible pavement through the measurement of pavement surface deflec...
The dynamic modulus of in-service asphalt pavements serves as a critical parameter for the computation of residual life and the design of overlays. However, its acquisition is currently limited to laboratory dynamic modulus testing using a limited nu...
In recent years, heat treatment has attracted attention as a means to improve the color sorting technology with the aim of improving the quality of low-grade limestone. The crucial stage in this technique is to evaluate the breakage characteristics o...
The use of recycled materials in pavement construction has seen, over the years, a significant increase closely associated with substantial economic and environmental benefits. During the past decades, many transportation agencies have evaluated the...
The analysis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) gene copy numbers in wastewater samples can provide quantitative information on Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) cases within a sewer catchment. However, many wastewater-ba...
To solve the difficult problem of selecting initial guess values for component-level aero-engine start-up models, a novel method based on the flow-based back-calculation algorithm (FBBCA) is investigated. By exploiting the monotonic feature of low-sp...
The age and growth rate of the giant electric ray, Narcine entemedor, was estimated using growth bands deposited in the vertebral centra of 245 specimens. Differences in size and age distribution were found between the sexes, a pattern that suggests...
Skid resistance is an important surface characteristic that influences roadway safety. Various studies have been performed to understand the interaction between pavement and tires through numerical simulation for skid resistance prediction. However,...
In hostile environments, engine damage is of particular concern since the engine is the only component to generate thrust that affects survivability. For an aircraft suffering thrust failure, the forced landing sites should be identified within the g...
Nitriles (N≡CR) are ubiquitous in coordination chemistry, yet literature studies on metal–nitrile bonding based on a multi-technique approach are rare. We selected an easily-available di-organoiron framework, containing both π-acceptor...
Using recycled pavement materials to construct new pavement base is currently an important construction strategy bringing improved sustainability. This study investigates the long-term performance of pavement bases constructed with recycled concrete...
Information on age and growth is essential to modern stock assessment and the development of management plans for fish resources. To provide quality otolith-based estimates of growth parameters, this study performed five types of analyses on the two...
The present study is a retrospective, monocentric case series that aims to compare the second-eye IOL power calculation precision using the back-calculated lens position (LP) as a lens position predictor versus using a predetermined correction factor...
After the excavation and unloading of deep-buried soft rock tunnels, support structures often experience deformation-related disasters such as concrete cracking, steel frame bending and twisting, and primary support instability under different forms...
Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) based on a Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) represent the most common configuration employed in wind turbines. These systems involve injecting harmonic currents toward an electrical grid from a back-to-back...
Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) is a key enzyme in the production of the signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide, deregulation of which is known to contribute to a range of serious pathological states. Involvement of hydrogen sulfide in pathways of p...
Conformational heterogeneity is essential for protein function, yet validating theoretical molecular dynamics (MD) ensembles remains a significant challenge. In this study, we present an approach that integrates free MD simulations, starting from an...
The thermal properties of pavement layers made of concrete with varying bulk densities are a particularly interesting topic in the context of development road technologies. If a hybrid layer system is used as a starting point, with thin asphalt layer...
Channelrhodopsins (ChR) are light-gated ion-channels heavily used in optogenetics. Upon light excitation an ultrafast all-trans to 13-cis isomerization of the retinal chromophore takes place. It is still uncertain by what means this reaction leads to...
In the assessment of concrete dams in cold climate, it is common that the theoretical stability becomes insufficient for load cases that include ice loads. However, the magnitude and return period of these ice loads have a high degree of uncertainty....
The Geosynchronous Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (GEO SAR) operates at a high orbital altitude, resulting in an extended imaging time and substantial variations in slant range. Additionally, the GEO SAR satellite orbit experiences a bending effe...
Pan-sharpening is an important means to improve the spatial resolution of multispectral (MS) images. Although a large number of pan-sharpening methods have been developed, improving the spatial resolution of MS while effectively maintaining its spect...
This paper presents a two-dimensional analytical model of outer rotor permanent magnet machines equipped with surface inset permanent magnets. To obtain the analytical model, the whole model is divided into the sub-domains, according to the magnetic...
Many end-users for the stormwater harvesting systems are reluctant in implementing the system due to uncertainties of the potential returns for their investment for such system. A common practice of presenting potential benefit of a certain investmen...
A centered water nozzle steam–water injector is driven by cold water to pump steam at a low pressure and to produce a high outlet water pressure. It can be used as a safety pump in a light water reactor to inject cooling water into the reactor core w...
The failure of managed-pressure running casing in oil and gas wells may lead to complex accidents such as overflow or leakage. The technique of using multi-density gradient drilling fluids in wellbores with negative pressure windows (NPWs) is often u...
Sarcopenia is characterized by a decline in systemic muscle mass and physical performance. Disc degeneration also causes back muscle atrophy. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the influence of systemic muscle mass decline on back muscle atrophy and fat...
There are currently no evidence-based practical automated injury risk factor estimation tools to monitor low back compressive force in ambulatory or sporting environments. For this purpose, inertial sensors may potentially replace laboratory-based sy...
The transient process is the key for the design, operation and maintenance of the pipeline network system of the water supply project. This paper aims to study and develop a new type of visual numerical simulation software for the transient process o...
Static eccentricity (SE) is frequently generated by manufacturing processes. As the nonuniformity of the air-gap length is caused by the SE, the torque ripple and cogging torque increase in the motor. This study analyzes the distorted back electromot...
Back-to-back current source converters play an important role in high power applications. However, this back-to-back converter system uses a larger number of power switches, which is associated with more cost and the power density of the converter sy...
At present, there is no commonly used method for predicting soil resistance to the driving (SRD) of monopiles, because all available methods are developed based on an installed offshore pile with a diameter of 2–3 m. In addition, due to the com...
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