Adaptation to the changing environmental conditions experienced within a host requires genetic diversity within a microbial population. Genetic diversity arises from mutations which occur due to DNA damage from exposure to exogenous environmental str...
Adaptation of reef corals to climate change is an issue of much debate, and often viewed as too slow a process to be of relevance over decadal time scales. This notion is based on the long sexual generation times typical for some coral species. Howev...
Grouping Genetic Algorithms (GGAs) are among the most outstanding methods for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems by efficiently grouping sets of items. Their performance depends on problem-specific heuristics and a balance between ex...
The increased volume and complexity of flow cytometry (FCM) data resulting from the increased throughput greatly boosts the demand for reliable statistical methods for the analysis of multidimensional data. The Support Vector Machines (SVM) model can...
Differential Evolution (DE) has been extensively adopted for multi-objective optimization due to its efficient and straightforward framework. In DE, the mutation operator influences the evolution of the population. In this paper, an adaptive Grid-bas...
Aiming at the problems of the basic sparrow search algorithm (SSA) in terms of slow convergence speed and the ease of falling into the local optimum, the chaotic mapping strategy, adaptive weighting strategy and t-distribution mutation strategy are i...
Aiming at the problem of reduced positioning accuracy of unmanned swarm navigation systems due to dynamic abrupt noise in a complex electromagnetic environment, this paper proposes an adaptive Kalman filtering positioning and calibration method based...
The configuration of the hyperparameters in convolutional neural networks (CNN) is crucial for determining their performance. However, traditional methods for hyperparameter configuration, such as grid searches and random searches, are time consuming...
Effective engineering modeling requires simultaneously addressing feature selection and hyperparameter interdependence, a challenge exacerbated by high-dimensional data characteristics in complex engineering modeling. Traditional optimization methods...
Sand cat swarm optimization algorithm (SCSO) keeps a potent and straightforward meta-heuristic algorithm derived from the distant sense of hearing of sand cats, which shows excellent performance in some large-scale optimization problems. However, the...
To address the drawbacks of the traditional snake optimization method, such as a random population initialization, slow convergence speed, and low accuracy, an adaptive t-distribution mixed mutation snake optimization strategy is proposed. Initially,...
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is one of the most popular, nature inspired optimization algorithms. The canonical PSO is easy to implement and converges fast, however, it suffers from premature convergence. The comprehensive learning particle swar...
Early identification of adaptive mutations could provide timely help for the control and prevention of the COVID-19 pandemic. The fast accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 sequencing data provides important support, while also raising a great challenge for the...
Many studies have investigated the threat of climate change on wild plants, but few have investigated the genetic responses of crop wild relative populations under threat. We characterized the genetic responses of 10 wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum K...
The adaptation of egg-derived H7N9 candidate vaccine virus (CVV) in the mammalian cell line is an approach to developing a high-growth virus strain for the mass production of vaccine manufacturing. The adaptive mutations that occur in hemagglutinin (...
Mice are not natural hosts for influenza A viruses (IAVs), but they are useful models for studying antiviral immune responses and pathogenesis. Serial passage of IAV in mice invariably causes the emergence of adaptive mutations and increased virulenc...
The polychaete Alvinella pompejana lives exclusively on the walls of deep-sea hydrothermal chimneys along the East Pacific Rise (EPR), and displays specific adaptations to withstand the high temperatures and hypoxia associated with this highly variab...
Breast cancer represents a significant public health concern in both Western countries and Asia. Accurate and early detection is critical to improving long-term patient survival. For physicians to understand the classification and decision rules and...
Accidental transmission of hop stunt viroid (HSVd) from grapevine to hop has led to several epidemics of hop stunt disease with convergent evolution of HSVd-g(rape) into HSVd-h(op) containing five mutations. However, the biological function of these...
Mine extraction planning has a far-reaching impact on the production management and overall economic efficiency of the mining enterprise. The traditional method of preparing underground mine production planning is complicated and tedious, and reachin...
Insecticide resistance is an informative model for studying the appearance of adaptive traits. Simultaneously, understanding how many times resistance mutations originate is essential to design effective resistance management. In the mosquito Culex p...
Several vaccines with varying efficacies have been developed and are currently administered globally to minimize the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite having an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase with a proofre...
Genetic Algorithms are stochastic optimization methods where solution candidates, complying to a specific problem representation, are evaluated according to a predefined fitness function. These approaches can provide solutions in various tasks even,...
Under constant selection, each trait has a fixed fitness, and small mutation rates allow populations to efficiently exploit the optimal trait. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that mutation rates will evolve downwards. However, we find that this...
Outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by enterovirus-A71 (EV-A71) can result in many deaths, due to central nervous system complications. Outbreaks with many fatalities have occurred sporadically in the Asia-Pacific region and have become...
Differential evolution (DE) is a proficient optimizer and has been broadly implemented in real life applications of various fields. Several mutation based adaptive approaches have been suggested to improve the algorithm efficiency in recent years. In...
Drugs from the echinocandin (ECN) class are now recommended ‘front-line’ treatments of infections caused by a prevailing fungal pathogen, C. albicans. However, the increased use of ECNs is associated with a rising resistance to ECNs. As t...
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) has evolved to replicate while causing minimal damage, maintain life-long latency, reactivate sub-clinically, and, in spite of robust host immunity, produce and shed infectious virus in order to transmit to new hosts. The...
The adaptive immune system plays a vital role in protecting individuals against invading pathogens primarily through its ability to discern self- versus non-self-antigens. Conditions leading to the breakdown of such immune surveillance can have devas...
Differential evolution (DE) is a simple, effective, and robust algorithm, which has demonstrated excellent performance in dealing with global optimization problems. However, different search strategies are designed for different fitness landscape con...
At present, the Beetle Antennae Search (BAS) algorithm has achieved remarkable success in image segmentation. However, when dealing with some complex image segmentation problems, particularly in the context of instance segmentation, which aims to ide...
A critical issue to understanding how populations adapt to new selective pressures is the relative contribution of the initial standing genetic diversity versus that generated de novo. RNA viruses are an excellent model to study this question, as the...
Metaheuristic algorithms are widely used in engineering problems due to their high efficiency and simplicity. However, engineering challenges often involve multiple control variables, which present significant obstacles for metaheuristic algorithms....
The Meat Animal Research Center-145 (MARC-145) cell line has been proven to be valuable for viral attenuation regarding vaccine development and production. Cell-adaptation is necessary for the efficient replication of porcine reproductive and respira...
The exceptionally widespread outbreak of human monkeypox, an emerging zoonosis caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), with more than 69,000 confirmed cases in 100 non-endemic countries since 2022, is a major public health concern. Codon usage patterns...
Addressing the issue of significant speed fluctuations in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) under load, this paper proposes an active disturbance rejection control strategy based on an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. In...
By addressing the flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP), this paper proposes a new type of algorithm for the FJSP. We named it the hybrid coronavirus population immunity optimization algorithm. Based on the characteristics of the problem, first...
Wild birds play an important role in the emergence, evolution, and spread of zoonotic avian influenza viruses (AIVs). However, there are few studies on the cross-species transmission of the H3N8 AIV originating from wild birds. In this study, we inve...
During 2016–2017, the H7N2 feline influenza virus infected more than 500 cats in animal shelters in New York, USA. A veterinarian who had treated the cats became infected with this feline virus and showed mild respiratory symptoms. This suggest...
The mortality rates of invasive fungal infections remain high because of the limited number of antifungal drugs available and antifungal drug resistance, which can rapidly evolve during treatment. Mutations in key resistance genes such as ERG11 were...
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a member of the swarm intelligence-based on a metaheuristic approach which is inspired by the natural deeds of bird flocking and fish schooling. In comparison to other traditional methods, the model of PSO is wide...
Based on growing evidence that breast cancer (BRCA) also plays a pivotal role in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and the response to anti-oxidative stress, we examined the influence of regular exercise in human BRCA mutation carriers on...
Porcine circoviruses (PCVs) are distributed in swine herds worldwide and represent a threat to the health of domestic pigs and the profits of the swine industry. Currently, four PCV species, including PCV-1, PCV-2, PCV-3 and PCV-4, have been identifi...
Pathogens including viruses evolve in tandem with diversity in their animal and human hosts. For SARS-coV2, the focus is generally for understanding such coevolution on the virus spike protein, since it demonstrates high mutation rates compared to ot...
Influenza A viruses continue to be a serious health risk to people and result in a large-scale socio-economic loss. Avian influenza viruses typically do not replicate efficiently in mammals, but through the accumulation of mutations or genetic reasso...
In light of the problems of slow convergence speed, insufficient optimization accuracy and easy falling into local optima in the sparrow search algorithm, this paper proposes an adaptive sinusoidal-disturbance-strategy sparrow search algorithm (ASDSS...
Virus evolution is the change in the genetic structure of a viral population over time and results in the emergence of new viral variants, strains, and species with novel biological properties, including adaptation to new hosts. There are host, vecto...
Animal studies aimed at understanding influenza virus mutations that change host specificity to adapt to replication in mammalian hosts are necessarily limited in sample numbers due to high cost and safety requirements. As a safe, higher-throughput a...
In order to successfully infect or colonize human hosts or survive changing environments, Aspergillus fumigatus needs to adapt through genetic changes or phenotypic plasticity. The genomic changes are based on the capacity of the fungus to produce ge...
The RapidIO standard is a packet-switching interconnection technology similar to the Internet Protocol (IP) conceptually. It realizes the high-speed transmission of RapidIO packets at the transport layer, but this greatly increases the probability of...
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