Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are characterized by impairments in flexibly acquiring and maintaining new information, as well as in applying learned information for problem solving. However, the neural mechanism underpinning such im...
Background: Executive functions (EFs) are cognitive and emotional abilities that underpin goal-directed behavior, decision-making, and problem-solving. EFs can be categorized into two broad types, Hot EFs and Cool EFs, distinguished by their relation...
Cognitive flexibility—the ability to adapt cognitive strategies and behavioral responses in changing environments—is a key component of executive function, supporting rule updating and conflict resolution. Individuals with substance addic...
Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) demonstrate deficits in executive functioning; however, the specific components of executive functioning that are affected in this population are not well understood. This study evaluated set shifti...
(1) Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic and progressive neuropsychiatric illness. Apart from positive and negative symptoms, 98% of the population diagnosed with schizophrenia have impaired cognitive functioning, which significantly influences the...
Background/Objectives: Previous research indicates that children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) face challenges learning from feedback, resulting in suboptimal performance and learning outcomes. Feedback processing, a key developing execu...
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) represents a widely utilized neuropsychological assessment technique for executive function. This meta-analysis examined the discriminant validity of the WCST for the assessment of mental shifting, considered as...
This review aimed at providing a brief and comprehensive summary of recent research regarding the use of the Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test (WCST) to assess executive function in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). A bibliographical search, perf...
Background: In 2020, the prevalence of cancer rose to 844,778 cases among the population aged 0–19 years. Approximately 90% of individuals under 18 years of age reside in low- and middle-income countries, where cancer survivors report adverse o...
Animal-assisted therapy has positive effects on cognitive function, depression, performance ability, and social functioning in elderly patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rearing pet insects on the cognitive function of hea...
New brain imaging modalities and neuropsychological testing tools are used to study neuronal changes in brain injuries such as mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Here we utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters and Wisconsin Card Sorting T...
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is widely used to assess executive function, specifically mental flexibility. Item Response Theory (IRT) has several advantages over classical test theory, including the invariance of the measure. This study aim...
Executive dysfunction is a well-documented, yet nonspecific corollary of various neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders. Here, we applied computational modeling of latent cognition for executive control in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)...
The literature to date is limited regarding the implantation of VR in healthy young individuals with a focus on cognitive function. Thirty healthy males aged between 22.8 and 24.3 years volunteered to participate in the study randomly and were assign...
We explored short-term behavioral plasticity on the Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (M-WCST) by deriving novel error metrics by stratifying traditional set loss and perseverative errors. Separating the rule set and the response set allowed for t...
Self-administered computerized assessment has the potential to increase the reach of neuropsychological assessment. The present study reports the first split-half reliability estimates for a self-administered computerized variant of the Wisconsin Car...
Hand displacements during task-directed movements are not random, but exhibit fractal behavior. Wearable sensing e.g., accelerometer-derived hand movement fluctuations, could add a significant contribution to cognitive and behavioral sciences, by acc...
Cognitive inflexibility is a well-documented, yet non-specific corollary of many neurological diseases. Computational modeling of covert cognitive processes supporting cognitive flexibility may provide progress toward nosologically specific aspects o...
Objective: To investigate whether cognitive inflexibility could be identified using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in patients with severe and extreme anorexia nervosa (AN) compared to healthy control participants (HCs). Method: We used the W...
Background: Studies have implicated hypofrontality in the pathogenesis of impaired theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF) in major depressive disorder (MDD). These symptoms are usually resistant to treatment. Repetitive transcranial magneti...
The neuroanatomical and molecular substrates for cognitive impairment in Parkinson Disease (PD) are far from clear. Evidence suggests a non-dopaminergic basis, and a crucial role for cerebellum in cognitive control in PD. We investigated whether a PD...
Neuroimaging and neuropsychological investigations have indicated that migraineurs exhibit frontal lobe-related cognitive impairment. We investigated whether orbitofrontal and dorsolateral functioning differed between individuals with episodic migrai...
Preterm birth is a neurodevelopmental risk condition often associated with cognitive control (CC) impairment. Recent evidence showed that CC can be implicitly adapted through associative learning. In the present study we investigated the ability to f...
The dual theory establishes that the decision-making process relies on two different systems, the affective system and the executive function (EF), developed during adolescence. This study analyzes the relationship between the decision-making and EF...
Background: Empirical data suggests a high comorbid occurrence of eating disorders (EDs) and substance use disorders (SUDs), as well as neurological and psychological shared characteristics. However, no prior study has identified the neuropsychologic...
Face memory impairments are common but heterogeneous in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which may be influenced by co-occurrence with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here, we aimed to investigate the phenotype change of face memory i...
Background: The interplay between intervention dropout and increased recidivism among men convicted of intimate partner violence (IPV) underscores the need for a model that investigates the underlying variables associated with IPV perpetrator dropout...
The issues that the construction sector currently faces with regard to productivity and efficiency are well acknowledged. In the construction industry, there is plenty of space for efficiency to improve, with an increasing number of new tools and met...
Background/objectives: Cognitive decline and loss of physical function are common concerns in older adults, with limited effective interventions available. This study aimed to assess the impact of pomegranate extract (PE) supplementation on cognitive...
Background/Objective: Executive functions (EFs) are essential in the daily management of arthritis, as they influence treatment adherence, decision-making, and the ability to cope with disease-related challenges. The objective of this study was to co...
The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between executive functions and adaptive behavior in girls with Fragile X syndrome (FXS) in the school setting. This study is part of a larger investigation conducted at the Hospital Parc Tauli...
Background: The revascularization of carotid arteries minimizes the risk of future cerebral stroke and usually improves cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to assess changes in cognitive function and verify the hypothesis assuming an impro...
Cognitive flexibility, the ability to adapt behavior to changing environmental demands, is a core deficit in schizophrenia (SZ), that predicts disease progression. This review synthesizes findings on the neural substates of cognitive flexibility by u...
15 December 2018
Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) is a neuropsychological assessment for the evaluation of visuospatial constructional ability and visual memory. Recent studies emphasize the involvement of executive functions in this test. Purpose. To examinate t...
Central nervous system tumors produce adverse outcomes in daily life, although low-grade gliomas are rare in adults. In neurological clinics, the state of impairment of executive functions goes unnoticed in the examinations and interviews carried out...
Negative symptoms and cognitive deficits play a major role in psychosis and significantly influence the functional outcomes of patients, particularly those with a first episode of psychosis (FEP). However, limited research has explored the predictive...
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is commonly associated with depression and cognitive dysfunction, the cause of which could be related to the HCV neuroinvasion and/or state of chronic inflammation. Viral sequences and proteins were previousl...
Gambling disorder (GD) is a modestly prevalent and severe condition for which neurobiology is not yet fully understood. Although alterations in signals involved in energy homeostasis have been studied in substance use disorders, they have yet to be e...
In this work, we present CogBeacon, a multi-modal dataset designed to target the effects of cognitive fatigue in human performance. The dataset consists of 76 sessions collected from 19 male and female users performing different versions of a cogniti...
Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that leads to the progressive loss of motor and sensory functions. Cognitive dysfunction is a common symptom that significa...
(1) Background: Cognitive features of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have never been specifically analyzed according to the lateralization of motor impairment. In the present study we investigated the cognitive performances of ALS...
We treat the non-equilibrium evolution of an open one-particle statistical system, subject to a potential and to an external “heat bath” (hb) with negligible dissipation. For the classical equilibrium Boltzmann distribution, Wc,eq, a non-equilibrium...
1 January 2002
Over the last 20 years major advances in mathematics and computing opened up remarkable opportunities for studying the function, biochemistry and microstructure of the human brain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in neuroscience describes the functi...