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Life
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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 4209

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Seyed Ahmad Naseri Alavi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
Interests: neurosurgery; spine; neuroscience; traumtic brain injury; spinal cord injury; trauma; brain tumor
Dr. Andrew J. Kobets

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Neurological Surgery and Pediatrics, Neurosurgical Director, Montefiore Craniofacial Center, Co-Director, Surgical Neuro-Oncology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, 3316 Rochambeau Avenue, 2nd Floor, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
Interests: traumatic brain injury; pediatric cranial trauma; hydrocephalus; craniofacial deformities; brain and spine tumors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The purpose of this Special Issue is to collect the most recent and innovative findings on both basic and clinical aspects of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in the field of Neurosurgery. TBI is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young adults, impacting not only the patients' quality of life (QoL) but also burdening additional costs on family members and guardians. Significant efforts have been made to reduce pain, disability, and mortality rates and improve function following TBI. However, numerous questions regarding the prognosis and treatment of TBI patients have not been precisely addressed, and many remain controversial. Therefore, further comprehensive research in both basic and clinical areas is needed to develop new drugs, imaging techniques, surgical methods, prognosis prediction, rehabilitation, and quality of life improvements. All papers, clinical or not, should focus on mechanisms, molecules, interactions, modalities, prognosis, new drugs, treatment, and QoL.

Dr. Seyed Ahmad Naseri Alavi
Dr. Andrew J. Kobets
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neurosurgery
  • neuroscience
  • Traumatic Brain Injury
  • TBI
  • head injury
  • imaging
  • prognosis
  • labaratory findings
  • quality of life

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 597 KiB  
Article
Assessment of the Sex Hormone Profile and Its Predictive Role in Consciousness Recovery Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
by Seyed Ahmad Naseri Alavi, Sajjad Pourasghary, Amir Rezakhah, Mohammad Amin Habibi, Aydin Kazempour, Ata Mahdkhah and Andrew Kobets
Life 2025, 15(3), 359; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15030359 - 25 Feb 2025
Viewed by 448
Abstract
Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are conditions affecting brain function caused by blunt or penetrating forces to the head. Symptoms may include confusion, impaired consciousness, coma, seizures, and focal or sensory neurological motor injuries. Objective: This study evaluated sex hormone profiles and their [...] Read more.
Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are conditions affecting brain function caused by blunt or penetrating forces to the head. Symptoms may include confusion, impaired consciousness, coma, seizures, and focal or sensory neurological motor injuries. Objective: This study evaluated sex hormone profiles and their predictive role in returning consciousness after severe traumatic brain injury. Materials and Methods: We included 120 patients with TBIs and collected comprehensive information about each patient, including the cause of the trauma, age, gender, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and neuroradiological imaging data. The ISS was used to assess the severity of the trauma. At the same time, the lowest GCS score was recorded either before sedation and intubation in the emergency room or by emergency medical services personnel. For female participants, samples were collected during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (days 18 to 23). Results: The mean age of male patients was 33.40 years, ranging from 23 to 45 years, while female patients had an average age of 34.25 years, ranging from 25 to 48 years. The primary cause of injury for both genders was motor vehicle accidents. In male patients, testosterone levels were significantly higher in those classified as responsive (RC) compared to those non-responsive (NRC), with levels of 2.56 ± 0.47 ng/mL versus 0.81 ± 0.41 ng/mL (p = 0.003). A cut-off point of 1.885 ng/mL for testosterone levels in males was established, achieving a sensitivity and specificity of 86.7% and 86.7%, respectively. In female patients, progesterone levels were elevated in those who regained consciousness, measuring 1.80 ± 0.31 ng/mL compared to 0.62 ± 0.31 ng/mL (p = 0.012). A cut-off point of 1.335 ng/mL for progesterone levels in females was determined, with a sensitivity and specificity of 93.3% and 86.7%, respectively. Conclusions: We can conclude that sex hormone levels in the acute phase of TBIs can vary between males and females. Notably, serum testosterone levels in males and progesterone levels in females with TBIs are significant prognostic factors for assessing the likelihood of regaining consciousness after such injuries. These findings underscore the importance of considering sex hormone profiles in TBI recovery prognosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI))
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Review

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25 pages, 1535 KiB  
Review
Traumatic Brain Injury and Artificial Intelligence: Shaping the Future of Neurorehabilitation—A Review
by Seun Orenuga, Philip Jordache, Daniel Mirzai, Tyler Monteros, Ernesto Gonzalez, Ahmed Madkoor, Rahim Hirani, Raj K. Tiwari and Mill Etienne
Life 2025, 15(3), 424; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15030424 - 7 Mar 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3355
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and death globally, presenting significant challenges for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. As healthcare technology advances, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool in enhancing TBI rehabilitation outcomes. This literature review explores [...] Read more.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and death globally, presenting significant challenges for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. As healthcare technology advances, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool in enhancing TBI rehabilitation outcomes. This literature review explores the current and potential applications of AI in TBI management, focusing on AI’s role in diagnostic tools, neuroimaging, prognostic modeling, and rehabilitation programs. AI-driven algorithms have demonstrated high accuracy in predicting mortality, functional outcomes, and personalized rehabilitation strategies based on patient data. AI models have been developed to predict in-hospital mortality of TBI patients up to an accuracy of 95.6%. Furthermore, AI enhances neuroimaging by detecting subtle abnormalities that may be missed by human radiologists, expediting diagnosis and treatment decisions. Despite these advances, ethical considerations, including biases in AI algorithms and data generalizability, pose challenges that must be addressed to optimize AI’s implementation in clinical settings. This review highlights key clinical trials and future research directions, emphasizing AI’s transformative potential in improving patient care, rehabilitation, and long-term outcomes for TBI patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI))
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