Ehrlichia chaffeensis infects and proliferates inside monocytes or macrophages and causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME), an emerging life-threatening tick-borne zoonosis. After internalization, E. chaffeensis resides in specialized membrane-boun...
Background: Acromegaly is most commonly caused by a growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumour (PitNET). Plurihormonal PIT1-lineage PitNETs are uncommon, and combined GH and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion poses distinc...
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), an important foodborne pathogen, causes diarrheal illness and gastrointestinal diseases. S. Typhimurium survives and replicates in phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells for acute or chronic infe...
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is a critical determinant of calcification, and its concentration is regulated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Pit1. ALP is a key regulator of osteogenic calcification and acts by modulating local inorganic phosphate (Pi) c...
The construction of pit-in-pit has become increasingly challenging due to the bad geological conditions, particularly in collapsible loess strata. To understand its supporting characteristics and failure mode, it is necessary to study the composite i...
The pitting qualities of lymphoedema tissue change with disease progression. However, little is known about the underlying tissue response to the pitting test or the tissue characteristics that enhance or resist indentation. The pitting test is curre...
For pre-corroded aluminum alloy 7075-T6, the interacting effects of two neighboring pits on the stress concentration are comprehensively analyzed by considering various relative position parameters (inclination angle θ and dimensionless spacing param...
In the context of planning the exploitation of an open-pit mine, the final pit limit problem consists of finding the volume to be extracted so that it maximizes the total profit of exploitation subject to overall slope angles to keep pit walls stable...
Open-pit mines extending below the water table require continuous dewatering, which creates large hydraulic depression cones, reverses or accelerates natural gradients, and progressively mobilizes hazardous elements in groundwater through sulfide oxi...
Ecological disturbance is rarely included as an internal factor in ultimate pit limit design. As a result, conventional methods based on profit maximization are limited in their ability to support green and efficient open-pit mine designing. In this...
Bordered pits in conifers have been recognized as a significant evolutionary characteristic that served to impede the spread of embolisms between tracheids. Nevertheless, there was a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the mechanical proper...
Wood has a highly complex and anisotropic structure. Its xylem characteristics are key in determining the hydraulic properties of plants to transport water efficiently and safely, as well as the permeability in the process of wood impregnation modifi...
Sandy sediments preserved as paleo-channel fill on the inner shelf, some of which are overlain by modern muds, have been mined for barrier island restoration along the northern Gulf of Mexico. These mined areas have been termed “mud-capped&rdqu...
The process of pit formation in plants still has various questions unaddressed and unknown, which opens up many interesting and new research opportunities. The aim of this work was elucidation of the mechanism for the formation of bordered pits of th...
Pit mud, a specific fermented soil, is an essential material for the fermentation of Chinese strong-flavour liquor. However, few studies to date have sought to characterize the spatial profiles of pit mud fungal communities in fermentation cellars fr...
Pitting corrosion and stress concentration at rust pits are the principal reasons for severe degradation in fatigue performance of corroded steel structures. The accurate evaluation of rust pits on rough and uneven corrosion surfaces is the foundatio...
Split pit is a key factor affecting the quality and yield of peaches; it refers to the failure of the endocarp to close along the suture line. There are significant cultivar-specific differences in peaches regarding their susceptibility or resistance...
As foundation pit engineering is developing towards larger and deeper designs, the requirements for controlling excavation-induced deformation are becoming increasingly stringent, particularly in complex urban environments and soft soil areas. In rec...
Etch pits could form on an exposed surface of a crystal when the crystal is exposed to an etching environment or chemicals. Due to different dissolution rates along various crystalline directions in a crystal, the dissolution process is anisotropic;...
Open-pit mines are becoming more intelligent and unmanned. One of the core technologies for autonomous driving is high-definition map technology, while refined mine maps are also needed to support scenarios such as vehicle–shovel collaboration,...
Three-dimensional block models are the most frequently used tool for estimating mineral resources and reserves within a mineral deposit. In open pit mining, the basis of mine design and the long term mining schedule is calculation of the ultimate pit...
In this paper, the effect of chloride ions on the development of corrosion pits in different reinforced concrete under different environmental conditions is studied. A fitting model for the size distribution of pits in seawater and sea-sand concrete...
The solid-state fermentation process of strongly flavored Baijiu is complicated by the co-fermentation of many different microorganisms in the fermentation pools. The traditional fermentation pools of strong flavor Baijiu are sealed with mud, and thi...
As the core of the solid-state fermentation system, the quality of pit mud is directly determined by the synergistic effects of volatile flavor compounds, microbial communities, and abiotic physicochemical factors. However, pit mud lacks systematic k...
Long-term production practice proves that good liquor comes out of the old cellar, and the aged pit mud is very important to the quality of Luzhou-flavor liquor. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and infr...
Materials produced by additive manufacturing (AM) often have different microstructures from those obtained using conventional metallurgy (CM), which can have significant impacts on the materials’ durability, and in particular, resistance to cor...
The pitting corrosion resistance of S32750 super duplex stainless steel, annealing treated at temperatures of 950–1200 °C for 20–60 min, was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization tests. The results show that the volume fractions of ferrite...
In recent years, Indonesia has become the largest coal exporter in the world, and most of the coal is being mined by means of open-pit mining. The closure of an open-pit mine will usually leave a pit morphological landform that, in most cases, will b...
Potassium ferricyanide and potassium ferrocyanide were used to observe and monitor the pitting corrosion of 304 stainless steel (SS) at anodic polarization in situ. The results show that there are Fe3+ ions around the corrosion pit when pitting occur...
On-site sanitation systems (OSS), such as pit latrines, are an important source of methane (CH4), with emissions increasing when they are wet, and this occurs when anaerobic conditions dominate. This paper presents the development of a model, which u...
Background/Objectives: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare medical emergency characterized by the sudden onset of symptoms resulting from hemorrhage and/or infarction within the pituitary gland. Precipitating factors include the use of dopamine agonist...
Human activities play a key role in landscape evolution. Mining is one of the most important of these since it changes large parts of the Earth’s surface. In abandoned mines and quarries, pit lakes are quite common due to water table blocking....
Due to its accelerated, uncontrollable, and unpredictable nature, pitting is one of the most common failure modes in pipelines used for oil and gas exploration. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of pitting under conditions involving bot...
A series of centrifuge model tests were conducted to study the interaction between successively constructed adjacent foundation pits. The stress, deformation, and earth pressure on retaining structures and the settlement of the soil between the two a...
To analyze the effect of lithium and microstructure on the pitting corrosion behavior of aluminum alloys, three types of aluminum alloys were studied via scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electrochemical polarization, an...
Targeting the concern that nearby inflexible buildings may be at risk for safety issues due to the surface deformation caused by foundation pit excavation disruptions, this paper took the large-scale foundation pit in the Hongshaquan second mine stop...
The problem of the slope stability of open pit mines is one of constant interest and great importance, both during the period of operation, but also post-closure. The research focused on the Oltețu open pit (located in Berbesti Mining Basin, Rom...
Backgrounds: The transportation system within any mining project, which is responsible for delivering extracted ore to the crushing units or wastes to the wasting dumps as the destinations, poses a significant challenge in mining processes. On one ha...
Recently, advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics have allowed a more thorough understanding of tumorigenesis in aggressive PitNETs (pituitary neuroendocrine tumors) through the identification of specific essential genes, crucial molecular p...
Pitting is a form of localized corrosion. One way to increase pitting resistance is, therefore, to cover surfaces with inhibitor molecules. Many plant extracts have been reported to be able to adsorb onto metal surfaces. According to uniform corrosio...
In this paper, strength prediction of spherical electronic cabins with pitting corrosion under external pressure was investigated. The finite element model of a spherical electronic cabin with random pitting was established using self-written code. T...
Pit membranes in between neighboring conduits of xylem play a crucial role in plant water transport. In this review, the morphological characteristics, chemical composition and mechanical properties of bordered pit membranes were summarized and linke...
A growing number of coastal foundation pits are being constructed. Based on an actual coastal deep foundation pit project, this study develops a finite element model that incorporates fluid–soil–structure coupling and dynamic seepage boun...
Slope instability of open-pit mines has adverse impacts on the overall mine profitability, safety and environment. The slope of an open-pit mine is crucially influenced by the slope geometry, quality of rock mass and presence of geological features a...
Pit lakes can represent significant liabilities at mine closure. However, depending upon certain characteristics of which water quality is key, pit lakes often also present opportunities to provide significant regional benefit and address residual cl...
In olive oil extraction processes, different operating methods used for the preparation of olive pastes significantly affect their rheological characteristics, as well as the extraction yields and qualitative characteristics of the oils. To enhance a...
In water-rich strata, a traditional vertical barrier exhibits certain limitations when applied to deep foundation pit construction under complex geological conditions, such as it is difficult to completely cut off deep and thick aquifer, which may po...
The ecological impacts of mining and the instability of slopes are the key factors restricting the safe, efficient, and low-carbon production of open-pit mines. This study focused on the ultimate pit limit (UPL) optimization under the concept of sust...
Double pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (double PitNETs) are two distinct tumors in the same gland and are infrequent in clinical practice. In typical double PitNETs, an MRI detects two separate tumors that are diagnosed by pathology; they could also...
This paper reviews the literature and discusses the latest updates on the use of pit and fissure sealants. It demonstrates the effectiveness of pit and fissure sealants in preventing caries and the management of early carious lesions. It compares the...
of 98