68 Results Found

The Washington Group/UNICEF Child Functioning Module (CFM) represents progress in identifying and measuring disability among children and adolescents in censuses and surveys. This paper reports from a study among school children in Ghana and Niger ai...

This paper explores the validity (sensitivity and specificity) of different cut-off levels of the UNICEF/Washington Group Child Functioning Module (CFM) and the inter-rater reliability between teachers and parents as proxy respondents, for disaggrega...

Determining disability prevalence is a growing area for population statistics, especially among young adolescents. The Washington Group on Disability Statistics is one source of reporting disabilities through functional difficulties. Yet, young adole...

Disability disaggregation of Fiji’s Education Management Information System (FEMIS) is required to determine eligibility for inclusive education grants. Data from the UNICEF/Washington Group Child Functioning Module (CFM) alone is not accurate enough...

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has emerged as a meaningful outcome measure in clinical trials and healthcare interventions in children with cerebral palsy (CwCP). We assessed the construct validity and internal consistency of the...

Epilepsy is a neurological chronic disease, which negatively affects physical, psychological and social functioning of children and their families. The main objective of this study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) in children with diagnosed ep...

Fatty acids might play a role in asthma and allergy development as they can modulate immune responses. We examined among 4260 mother-child pairs participating in a population-based cohort the associations of maternal plasma fatty acid patterns during...

Background/Objectives: The prevalence of behavioral problems and mental health issues, including anxiety, among children is rising, potentially affecting their long-term well-being and social functioning. Therefore, this study aims to identify the ke...

Background: To study the impact of crawling before walking (CBW) on network interactions among body composition, the cardiovascular system, lung function, motor competence and physical fitness, at age 7, and to assess the longitudinal association bet...

Particular fibrinogen γ chain mutations occurring in the γ-module induce changes that hamper γ-γ dimerization and provoke intracellular aggregation of the mutant fibrinogen, defective export and plasma deficiency. The hepatic...

Children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit uncontrollable disruptive behaviour during transfer to the operating room and operating table and at the induction of anaesthesia (sleep). This process often involves the physical restraini...

A scholarly communication system needs to register, distribute, certify, archive, and incentivize knowledge production. The current article-based system technically fulfills these functions, but suboptimally. I propose a module-based communication in...

Although parents’ engagement in parenting programmes has frequently been posited to influence the efficacy and dissemination of these programmes, its relationship with intervention outcomes in parenting programmes is understudied. This study ex...

Early-life stress during the prenatal and postnatal periods affects the formation of neural networks that influence brain function throughout life. Previous studies have indicated that maternal separation (MS), a typical rodent model equivalent to ea...

Most brain development occurs in the “first 1000 days”, a critical period from conception to a child’s second birthday. Critical brain processes that occur during this time include synaptogenesis, myelination, neural pruning, and th...

Executive function is the mental ability to modulate behavior or thinking to accomplish a task. This is developmentally important for children’s academic achievements and ability to adjust to school. We classified executive function difficultie...

Background: Most early children’s experiences will occur in a family context; therefore, the quality of this environment is critical for development outcomes. Not many studies have assessed the correlations between brain functional connectivity...

Equine-assisted activities (EAAs) are considered a suitable innovative rehabilitative practice for children with neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While standardized scales have been previously used as a tool to...

This article explores the effectiveness of a newly developed Pain Neuroscience Education program for children (PNE4Kids) with functional abdominal pain disorder (FAPD). Children (6–12 years) with FAPD were randomly assigned to 1) the experiment...

The DHRS9 gene is involved in several pathways including the synthesis of allopregnanolone from progesterone. Allopregnanolone is a positive modulator of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) action and plays a role in the control of neuronal excitability a...

Other than representing the main source of nutrition for newborn mammals, milk delivers a sophisticated signaling system from mother to child that promotes postnatal health. The bioactive components transferred through the milk intake are important f...

As the world faces an escalating challenge of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with phenotypes ranging from allergic chronic immuno-inflammatory diseases to neuropsychiatric disorders, it becomes evident that their seeds are sown during the early st...

Objective: Prader–Willi (PWS; OMIM#176270) syndrome is a clinically distinct genetic disorder, caused by an abnormality in the 15q11-q13 region, referred to as the critical region. One of the most popular concepts existing in modern sciences, n...

Background/Objectives: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in primary school children presents unique challenges due to developmental dependence on adults, limited self-care abilities, and the need for continuous medical supervision. These factors may ad...

Maternal obesity is an intergenerational vicious cycle and one of the primary causes of cognitive deficits and high anxiety levels in offspring, which often manifest independently of sex. It is proven that curbing the intergenerational inheritance of...

We conducted a three-armed trial to assess Cascade, a four-module group videoconferencing cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) intervention for parents of childhood cancer survivors currently aged <18 years. We allocated parents to Cascade, an attenti...

Liver fibrosis can progress to cirrhosis, which is considered a serious disease. The Child-Pugh score and the model of end-stage liver disease score have been established to assess residual liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis. The develop...

An important role in the network of interconnections between the mother and child is played by adipokines, which are adipose tissue hormones engaged in the regulation of metabolism. Alternations of maternal adipokines translate to the worsening of ma...

Prenatal androgen exposure modulates the development of the brain, with lasting effects on its function and behavior over the infant’s life span. Environmental factors during pregnancy, in particular maternal stress, have been shown to influenc...

Background: Stroke in childhood presents a serious rehabilitation challenge since it leads to physical, cognitive and psychosocial disability. The objective of our study was to describe the effectiveness of robot-mediated therapy (RMT) with Gloreha S...

Background/Objectives: Etrasimod is a newly FDA-approved Sphingosine-1-Phosphate modulator indicated for moderate and severe ulcerative colitis. It is extensively metabolized in the liver via the cytochrome P450 system and may accumulate markedly in...

Background/Objectives: Digital parent training (DPT) programs offer scalable solutions for childhood disruptive behaviors but face significant engagement challenges. Although content tailoring may enhance outcomes, its clinical impact remains under-e...

Background: Caregivers of children often encounter barriers when accessing pediatric healthcare services. These challenges highlight the need for digital innovations to improve accessibility and efficiency in pediatric outpatient care. Objectives: Th...

Breast milk is an unbeatable food that covers all the nutritional requirements of an infant in its different stages of growth up to six months after birth. In addition, breastfeeding benefits both maternal and child health. Increasing knowledge has b...

Background/Objectives: This article is a narrative review that examines the development of attachment from intrauterine life to the first thousand days of a child’s life, integrating psychoanalytic, neuroscientific, genetic, and cross-cultural...

While the early recovery period following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a critical window to scaffold recovery, it is a challenging time to engage families. We developed and trialed an online self-guided intervention designed to s...

Background: Sensory modulation may play a significant role in psychiatric conditions, including anxiety, and explain arousability levels, behavioral disorders, and functional deficits. Yet, studies about sensory modulation in adolescents with anxiety...

The recent proliferation of sensor technology applications in therapies for children’s disabilities to promote positive behavior among such children has produced optimistic results in developing a variety of skills and abilities in them. Dolphi...

Accumulated evidence supports the contribution of genetic factors in modulating airway function, especially ancestry. We investigated whether genetic polymorphisms can affect lung function in a mixed Brazilian child population using the admixture map...

Background: Vestibular function implements head position regulation and body spatial navigation. It matures during childhood and adolescence and integrates with the completion of an individual’s motor development. Nevertheless, vestibular impai...

Background: Menkes disease (MD; OMIM #309400) is a progressive neurodegeneration that results from abnormalities in the copper metabolism which are already present before birth. It is an extremely rare condition. The study was conducted to assess the...

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem that leads to approximately one million deaths every year worldwide. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the major cause of chronic HBV infection. HBV e antigen (HBeAg) is a secre...

Aim: This research aims to determine whether the time of injury (congenital or acquired) affects the quality of life (QOL) in families having a child or adolescent with neurological impairment. Design: Comparative, cross-sectional study. Material and...

Gut microbiota performs indispensable functions in the pathophysiology of alcoholic hepatitis (AH). We investigated the effects of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus R0011 and Lactobacillus helveticus for gut microbial restoration toward eubiosis in patien...

Background/Objectives: Rubinstein–Taybi Syndrome (RSTS-OMIM, #180849) is a rare genetic disorder associated with distinctive clinical features, including a typical craniofacial appearance, global developmental delay, intellectual disability and...

The connection between the mother and the child has been considered one of the strongest bonds in nature. Though there are numerous factors that can influence the establishment of pregnancy, in its essence, three are considered major: a good quality...

This study examined the relationships of cyberbullying and traditional bullying victimization and perpetration, perceived family function, frustration discomfort, and hostility with self-reported depressive symptoms and suicidality in adolescents dia...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Because HCC usually arises in cirrhotic livers, prognosis is shaped by the dual threats of tumor progression and hepatic decompens...

Previous studies suggest that subjective distress in children with functional neurological disorder (FND) is associated with stress-system dysregulation and modulates aberrant changes in neural networks. The current study documents illness-promoting...

Background: Inter-brain synchrony (IBS)—the temporal alignment of neural activity between individuals during social interactions—has emerged as a key construct in social neuroscience, reflecting shared attention, emotional attunement, and...