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  • Article
  • Open Access

Co-Creating Multi-Hazard Resilience Indicators for Historic Environments: A Context-Specific Assessment Framework

  • Aitziber Egusquiza,
  • Alessandra Gandini,
  • Gemma Garcia-Blanco,
  • Igone Garcia,
  • Angela Santangelo,
  • Eleonora Melandri,
  • Leire Garmendia,
  • Laura Quesada-Ganuza and
  • Andreas Peer

6 February 2026

Measuring the resilience of historic areas is challenging due to their heterogeneity in scale, heritage type, multi-hazard exposure, and socio-cultural context, creating the need for a flexible framework aligned with the latest Intergovernmental Pane...

  • Article
  • Open Access
85 Views
22 Pages

5 February 2026

Studies on land use and land cover changes are essential for predicting future trends and determining natural resource management decisions and the appropriate and precise detection of land use and land cover change is indispensable for obtaining det...

  • Review
  • Open Access
110 Views
27 Pages

5 February 2026

The global carbon cycle has become increasingly unbalanced over the past century as anthropogenic fluxes into the atmosphere far exceed the sequestration capacity of land and ocean systems. Data from 2025 show estimated annual anthropogenic emissions...

  • Article
  • Open Access
185 Views
26 Pages

Multidisciplinary Assessment of the Subsurface Contamination of Al-Musk Lake Wastewater Dumpsite in Jeddah City, KSA

  • Mohamed Rashed,
  • Nassir Al-Amri,
  • Riyadh Halawani,
  • Burhan Niyazi,
  • El-Sawy K. El-Sawy,
  • Milad Masoud and
  • Maged El Osta

4 February 2026

Al-Musk Lake, an artificial waterbody of 2.9 km2 formed by illegal dumping of 9.5 million cubic meters of raw sewage near Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, remains a significant subsurface environmental hazard after drainage activities in 2010. The current resea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
384 Views
31 Pages

Initial Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Aridity Dynamics in North Macedonia (1991–2020)

  • Bojana Aleksova,
  • Nikola Milentijević,
  • Uroš Durlević,
  • Stevan Savić and
  • Ivica Milevski

4 February 2026

Aridity represents a fundamental climatic constraint governing water resources, ecosystem functioning, and agricultural systems in transitional climate zones. This study examines the spatial organization and temporal variability of aridity and therma...

  • Review
  • Open Access
96 Views
27 Pages

4 February 2026

Understanding landform evolution is essential for assessing how terrain responds to geomorphic drivers such as weathering, fluvial erosion, hillslope processes, and tectonic uplift. This is particularly important in applications such as constructed p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
156 Views
14 Pages

30 January 2026

This paper presents the development and pilot validation of an enhanced water governance assessment tool developed within the European InnWater project. Grounded in OECD Principles on Water Governance, the study combines literature review, thematic f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
215 Views
15 Pages

Categorical Prediction of the Anthropization Index in the Lake Tota Basin, Colombia, Using XGBoost, Remote Sensing and Geomorphometry Data

  • Ana María Camargo-Pérez,
  • Iván Alfonso Mayorga-Guzmán,
  • Gloria Yaneth Flórez-Yepes,
  • Ivan Felipe Benavides-Martínez and
  • Yeison Alberto Garcés-Gómez

27 January 2026

This study presents a machine learning framework to automate the mapping of the Integrated Relative Anthropization Index (INRA, by its Spanish acronym). A predictive model was developed to estimate the degree of anthropization in the basin of Lake To...

  • Article
  • Open Access
213 Views
28 Pages

26 January 2026

This study evaluates the spatiotemporal variations in surface water quality in An Giang province, a key upstream region of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), under the influence of hydrological alterations and climate change impacts. Water quality da...

  • Article
  • Open Access
291 Views
19 Pages

Climate Oscillations, Aerosol Variability, and Land Use Change: Assessment of Drivers of Flood Risk in Monsoon-Dependent Kerala

  • Sowmiya Velmurugan,
  • Brema Jayanarayanan,
  • Srinithisathian Sathian and
  • Komali Kantamaneni

25 January 2026

Aerosol microphysical and optical properties play a crucial role in cloud microphysics, precipitation physics, and flood formation over areas characterized by complex monsoon regimes. This research presents a multi-source data integration approach to...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
193 Views
29 Pages

25 January 2026

Climate change-induced extreme weather events increasingly threaten public health, with a particularly acute impact on the mental well-being of urban populations. This study evaluates regional disparities in mental health outcomes associated with cli...

  • Article
  • Open Access
286 Views
26 Pages

23 January 2026

Eutrophication remains a persistent challenge in the Romanian Black Sea coastal zone, driven by excess nutrient inputs from riverine and coastal sources and further intensified by climate change. This study assesses eutrophication dynamics and explor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
374 Views
33 Pages

23 January 2026

The sustainability of resources and ecological integrity are significantly influenced by land use and land cover change (LULCC) dynamics, particularly in ecotonal semi-arid regions where biome transitions are highly sensitive to anthropogenic disturb...

  • Article
  • Open Access
264 Views
21 Pages

Linking Grain Size and Geospatial Indices: Sediment Transport Dynamics in the Ganga River at Varanasi, India

  • Abhishek Pandey,
  • Komali Kantamaneni,
  • Pradyumna Kumar Behera,
  • Vishal Deshpande,
  • Ranjan Sarukkalige and
  • Upaka Rathnayake

23 January 2026

Sediment transport in alluvial channels is strongly controlled by the grain-size distribution of bed and suspended materials. This, in turn, influences river morphology by modifying the cross-sectional area and course of the channel. Statistical para...

  • Article
  • Open Access
198 Views
18 Pages

Estimating Soil Hydraulic Properties Using Random Forest Pedotransfer Functions and SoilGrids Data in Mexico

  • Victor M. Rodríguez-Moreno,
  • Josué Delgado-Balbuena,
  • Teresa Alfaro Reyna,
  • César Valenzuela-Solano and
  • Nuria A. López-Hernández

19 January 2026

Field capacity (FC) and permanent wilting point (PWP) thresholds are critical parameters in climate-smart agriculture because they directly relate to soil water availability, which is essential for optimizing water use, improving crop yields, and ens...

  • Article
  • Open Access
505 Views
23 Pages

11 January 2026

Regional green development requires balancing anthropogenic carbon emissions (CEs) with vegetation carbon sequestration (VCS). Using the CASA model and plant photosynthesis equation, we estimated VCS from net primary productivity (NPP) and proposed a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
410 Views
20 Pages

8 January 2026

The Iraqi coastline in the northern Persian Gulf is highly vulnerable to the impacts of future sea level rise. This study introduces a novel approach in the Arc Geographic Information System (ArcGIS) for inundation risk of the 58 km Iraqi coast of th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
297 Views
26 Pages

7 January 2026

Forests play a vital role in the global carbon cycle but face growing anthropogenic pressures, with climate change and forest fragmentation among the most critical. In West Africa, particularly in Ghana, the interaction between increasing aridity and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
637 Views
14 Pages

7 January 2026

Many rural communities are struggling to understand the changing climate and how to mitigate and adapt to its negative effects. “Climate literacy” (i.e., an understanding of the climate system, how human actions influence it, and how it a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
348 Views
17 Pages

Physicochemical Properties and Diatom Diversity in the Sediments of Lake Batur: Insights from a Volcanic Alkaline Ecosystem

  • Ulvienin Harlianti,
  • Silvia Jannatul Fajar,
  • Satria Bijaksana,
  • Irwan Iskandar,
  • Rachmat Fajar Lubis,
  • Rey Donne S. Papa,
  • Putu Billy Suryanata and
  • Ni Komang Tri Suandayani

3 January 2026

Lake Batur, located within a volcanic caldera in Bali, Indonesia, is subjected to anthropogenic pressures related to agriculture, aquaculture, tourism, and religious activities, which may affect its water quality and ecology condition. This study inv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
387 Views
30 Pages

31 December 2025

This study addresses the global challenge of superficial soil contamination by heavy metals, focusing on differentiating natural geogenic sources from anthropogenic contributions in complex industrial–urban environments. We develop an integrate...

  • Review
  • Open Access
876 Views
35 Pages

27 December 2025

Local Climate Zones (LCZs) have become a foundational framework for urban climate modeling, yet their use across model families has not been systematically evaluated. Crucially, the LCZ framework itself has served as a developmental basis, revealing...

  • Review
  • Open Access
889 Views
22 Pages

Bibliographic Review on Transnational Cooperation in Environmental Issues in European Countries (2010–2025)

  • Malgorzata Waniek,
  • Rui Alexandre Castanho,
  • Mara Franco,
  • Víctor Rincón and
  • Javier Velázquez

20 December 2025

Europe is dealing with environmental problems that require cooperation beyond national and regional borders. Air pollution, water pollution, biodiversity loss, and waste management are the major issues that are not only complex but also cross borders...

  • Article
  • Open Access
400 Views
23 Pages

Quantifying Torrential Watershed Behavior over Time: A Synergistic Approach Using Classical and Modern Techniques

  • Ana M. Petrović,
  • Laure Guerit,
  • Valentina Nikolova,
  • Ivan Novković,
  • Dobromir Filipov and
  • Jiří Jakubínský

19 December 2025

This study investigates temporal and spatial variation in torrential flood hazards and sediment dynamics in two ungauged watersheds in southeastern Serbia from 1991 to 2023. By integrating classical hydrological models with modern geospatial and phot...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,021 Views
32 Pages

18 December 2025

The growing pressure on global cropland resources has become increasingly evident. Reconciling the urgency of cropland protection with long-term food demand is crucial for achieving resilient and sustainable cropland management. Here, we develop a co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,356 Views
30 Pages

15 December 2025

This study investigates the morphodynamic evolution of an embayed cobble beach located on a mesotidal cliff coast in northern Spain. La Maruca/Pinquel beach was selected for its distinctive geomorphological setting, perched on a well-sorted cobble su...

  • Article
  • Open Access
614 Views
28 Pages

12 December 2025

Coastal erosion poses a significant risk to the Romanian Black Sea coast, a region characterized by the interaction of natural geomorphological processes and anthropogenic pressures. The research focuses on developing a tool to quantify the cumulativ...

  • Article
  • Open Access
492 Views
21 Pages

Integrated Multi-Source Data Fusion Framework Incorporating Surface Deformation, Seismicity, and Hydrological Indicators for Geohazard Risk Mapping in Oil and Gas Fields

  • Mohammed Al Sulaimani,
  • Rifaat Abdalla,
  • Mohammed El-Diasty,
  • Amani Al Abri,
  • Mohamed A. K. EL-Ghali and
  • Ahmed Tabook

12 December 2025

Oil and gas fields in subsidence-prone regions face multiple hazards that threaten the resilience of their infrastructure. This study presents an integrated risk mapping framework for the Yibal field in the Sultanate of Oman, utilizing remote sensing...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,080 Views
34 Pages

11 December 2025

On 23 April 2023, a rotational landslide occurred at El Florón III (Portoviejo, Ecuador), triggered by intense rainfall that increased saturation and water pressure in the pores of the colluvial materials. Therefore, the current research predo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
594 Views
21 Pages

Assessment of the Economic Impact of the Saiga Population on Pasture Ecosystems and Agriculture

  • Gulshat Aiesheva,
  • Aigul Kazambayeva,
  • Saltanat Yessengaliyeva and
  • Kanbibi Nursapina

9 December 2025

This article discusses the issue of pasture degradation in the West Kazakhstan region, which has been caused by a significant rise in the population of saigas (Saiga tatarica). This study aims to quantify agricultural losses and establish the relatio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
720 Views
20 Pages

8 December 2025

Snowmelt recharge critically affects water table fluctuations in cold-region unconfined aquifers, where it serves as a primary source of groundwater. This study investigates the temporal and spatial variations in water table responses to snowmelt eve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
762 Views
22 Pages

Sustainable Development and Evaluation of Natural Heritage in Protected Areas: The Case of Golija Nature Park, Serbia

  • Dragan Petrović,
  • Ljiljana Mihajlović,
  • Danijela Vukoičić,
  • Miroljub Milinčić and
  • Dušan Ristić

8 December 2025

This study applies a quantitative model to assess natural resources and degradation risks in mountain ecosystems, focusing on ecotourism’s role in balancing economic growth and environmental preservation in Golija Nature Park. Results show mode...

  • Article
  • Open Access
405 Views
24 Pages

4 December 2025

In recent decades, the suspended sediment load (SSL) of many rivers around the world has shown a significant decreasing trend, which is particularly prominent in large river basins such as the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. One of the key challe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
641 Views
16 Pages

30 November 2025

A combined Differential InSAR (D-InSAR) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM)-based analysis revealed that earthquake-triggered landslides significantly altered river morphology and intensified flooding in the Kota Belud catchment, Sabah, Malaysia. This...

  • Article
  • Open Access
483 Views
16 Pages

28 November 2025

Water erosion is a major driver of soil degradation in arid and semi-arid regions, where the lack of vegetative cover and intense rainfall accelerate erosion processes. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of stone walls (SW...

  • Article
  • Open Access
447 Views
17 Pages

Assessment of Geohydraulic Parameters in Coastal Aquifers Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography: A Case Study from the Chaouia Region, Western Morocco

  • Saliha Najib,
  • Ahmed Fadili,
  • Othmane Boualla,
  • Khalid Mehdi,
  • Mohammed Bouzerda,
  • Abdelhadi Makan,
  • Bendahhou Zourarah and
  • Said Ilmen

27 November 2025

This study investigated the geohydraulic properties of the Chaouia coastal aquifer in western Morocco through two-dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). Five resistivity profiles were carried out and inverted to define subsurface lithol...

  • Article
  • Open Access
373 Views
18 Pages

Water-Body Detection from SAR Images Using Connectivity Refinement Network

  • Zile Gao,
  • Jinkai Sun,
  • Puyan Xu,
  • Lin Wu,
  • Yabo Huang,
  • Ning Li,
  • Zhuang Zhu and
  • Qianchao Pu

27 November 2025

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an active microwave imaging system equipped with penetration capability, enabling all-time and all-weather Earth observation, and demonstrates significant advantages in large-scale surface water-body detection. Altho...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
895 Views
24 Pages

19 November 2025

Monitoring microbial water quality at recreational beaches is essential to safeguard public health, with fecal coliforms serving as key indicators of contamination. This study applies machine learning (ML) techniques to predict fecal coliform concent...

  • Article
  • Open Access
874 Views
21 Pages

11 November 2025

Global warming is recognized as a climate crisis that extends beyond a mere increase in the Earth’s temperature, triggering rapid and widespread climatic changes worldwide. In particular, the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events h...

  • Article
  • Open Access
649 Views
22 Pages

11 November 2025

Boreholes in the Teleghma region of northeastern Algeria discharge thermal water with temperatures between 40 and 49 °C and total dissolved solids (TDS) ranging from 570 to 940 mg/L. The stable isotope compositions range from –7.8‰ t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,890 Views
19 Pages

Analysis and Characterization of the Behavior of Air Pollutants and Their Relationship with Climate Variability in the Main Industrial Zones of Hidalgo State, México

  • Fernando Salas-Martínez,
  • Aldo Márquez-Grajales,
  • José Belisario Leyva-Morales,
  • César Camacho-López,
  • Claudia Romo-Gómez,
  • Otilio Arturo Acevedo-Sandoval and
  • César Abelardo González-Ramírez

6 November 2025

The concentration of air pollutants could be affected by climate change in industrial park zones in Hidalgo state, Mexico (IPHSs). The goals of this work were: (a) to describe the aerosols’ behavior (PM10 and PM2.5) and air pollutants (SO2, NO2...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4,663 Views
30 Pages

The First National-Scale High-Resolution Land Use Land Cover Map of Bangladesh Using Multi-Temporal Optical and SAR Imagery

  • Md Manik Sarker,
  • Dibakar Chakraborty,
  • Van Thinh Truong,
  • Yuki Mizuno,
  • Sota Hirayama,
  • Takeo Tadono,
  • Mst Irin Parvin,
  • Shun Ito,
  • Md Abdul Aziz Bhuiyan and
  • Kenlo Nishida Nasahara
  • + 2 authors

6 November 2025

Bangladesh is highly susceptible to land use land cover (LULC) changes due to its geographical location and dense population. These changes have significant effects on food security, urban development, and natural resource management. Policy planning...

  • Article
  • Open Access
941 Views
14 Pages

Discrete-Time Markov Chain Method for Predicting Probability of Crop Yield Variability

  • László Huzsvai,
  • Elza Kovács,
  • Géza Tuba,
  • Csaba Juhász,
  • Danijel Jug and
  • József Zsembeli

6 November 2025

Agricultural crop yield prediction is vital for ensuring global food security and optimizing resource management amid the increasing challenges posed by climate change and extreme weather variability. This study investigates the use of discrete-time,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
535 Views
22 Pages

6 November 2025

Land surface temperature (LST) is a key indicator reflecting the ecological environmental disturbance caused by open-pit coal mining activities and determining the ecological status in alpine permafrost regions. Thus, it is crucial to study the spati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
572 Views
15 Pages

3 November 2025

Natural resource-endowed landscapes in many parts of the Global South play a crucial role in the livelihoods of communities. Such resource-endowed areas attract current and prospective resource-use actors, making them veritable hollow frontiers. Holl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,041 Views
17 Pages

Impact of Wastewater Pollution on Antibiotic Resistance in an Algerian Waterway: A Preliminary Investigation

  • Laid Bouchaala,
  • Fatma Zohra Mellouk,
  • Amira Afri,
  • Nedjoud Grara and
  • Moussa Houhamdi

2 November 2025

Wastewater contamination of freshwater ecosystems is a major driver of the spread of antibiotic resistance (AR). This preliminary study investigated the impact of wastewater pollution on the AR profiles of bacterial communities in the Oued–Z&ea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,781 Views
64 Pages

1 November 2025

The Mediterranean region is regarded as a hot spot on Earth because of its placement at the junction of many aerosols. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), which is closely related to the El Niño–...

  • Article
  • Open Access
726 Views
21 Pages

1 November 2025

The understanding of coastal ecosystems regarding variability and resilience under climatic and anthropogenic forcing is reliant upon long-term ecological records. We examined the Helgoland Roads time series (1968–2017), which includes temperat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
918 Views
18 Pages

Assessing Landscape-Level Biodiversity Under Policy Scenarios: Integrating Spatial and Land Use Data

  • Kristine Bilande,
  • Katerina Zeglova,
  • Janis Donis and
  • Aleksejs Nipers

1 November 2025

Spatially explicit tools are essential for assessing biodiversity and guiding land use decisions at broad scales. This study presents a national-level approach for evaluating habitat quality as a proxy indicator for biodiversity, using Latvia as a ca...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,944 Views
19 Pages

Simulation of Different Land Cover and Rainfall Scenarios to Soil Erosion Using HEC-HMS in Cagayan De Oro River Basin, Mindanao, Philippines

  • Kim Emissary C. Magarin,
  • Hernando P. Bacosa,
  • Elizabeth Edan M. Albiento,
  • Jaime Q. Guihawan and
  • Peter D. Suson

1 November 2025

Soil erosion affects agricultural and environmental sustainability and needs to be addressed. The Cagayan de Oro River Basin (CDORB), one of the major river basins in the Philippines, provides economic, social, and environmental services to the city...

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Earth - ISSN 2673-4834