This work investigates the equilibrium stage of the crack propagation of a fine-grained soil after several drying and wetting cycles (shrinkage and swelling hysteresis). This stage is found to be crucial in practical engineering since the soil contin...
In the proposed paper, non-equilibrium and equilibrium models of heat and moisture transfer through wet building materials are presented and compared. In the former, the mass transfer between liquid and gaseous moisture results from the difference be...
The present study reported of the numerical investigation of a high-speed wet steam flow through an asymmetric nozzle. The spontaneous non-equilibrium homogeneous condensation of wet steam was numerically modeled based on the classical nucleation the...
Because of the complexity of wet steam two-phase condensation flow, many problems remain to be solved. The important part of condensation theory—the calculation of the water droplet growth model in the transition zone—is not ideal; thus, it is necess...
Understanding and modeling the timing and magnitude of groundwater recharge from rainfall infiltration through vadose-zone percolation is important for many reasons but especially because the flux is being acted on by root-zone evapotranspiration (ET...
Counter-current, spontaneous imbibition of brine into oil-saturated rocks is a critical process for recovery of bypassed oil in carbonate reservoirs. However, the classic Amott-cell test introduces experimental artifacts that distort the true dynamic...
In recent years, there has been great interest in developing cooling systems with humidity- and temperature-independent control capabilities that can operate efficiently at varying temperatures. This paper proposes a bi-loop double-evaporator ejectio...
Superhydrophobic materials are significant for engineering applications in the anti-icing field because of their non-wetting property. The interface physical mechanisms of non-wetting properties are important to promote real applications of superhydr...
Steam ejectors could improve the energy efficiency of ships by efficiently utilizing low-grade waste heat from ships for seawater desalination or cooling. The internal flow characteristics of steam ejectors can be deeply analyzed through numerical si...
There has been growing interest in constructing mid- and high-rise wooden buildings in recent years. To ensure the feasibility of these structures, it is necessary to provide evidence that their long-term reliability can be guaranteed. While long-ter...
In the currently existing physical models of wetting a solid substrate by a liquid drop, the contact angle is determined on the basis of the equilibrium of forces acting tangentially to the wetted surface at any point in the perimeter of the wetted a...
Wetting of deformable substrates has gained significant interest over the past decade due to a multiplicity of industrial and biological applications. Technological advances in the area of interfacial science have given rise to the ability to capture...
The swelling-shrinkage behavior of expansive soils under climate changes will cause the crack development, which can be destructive of expansive soil slopes. This study investigated the effect of drying/wetting cycles on the stability of an expansive...
Surface tension and surface energy are closely related, although not identical concepts. Surface tension is a generalized force; unlike a conventional mechanical force, it is not applied to any particular body or point. Using this notion, we suggest...
A droplet hitting a superhydrophobic surface will undergo the Cassie to Wenzel transition when the wetting force exceeds the anti-wetting force. The critical velocity of the droplet’s Cassie to Wenzel state transition can reflect the wettabilit...
The wetting behavior of molten Zn and Zn-Sb alloy and X80 steel in a high vacuum environment was studied by the modified sessile drop method. The wetting morphology and interface structure were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and energy disp...
Measurements taken on a historical dike in the Netherlands over one year showed that interaction with the atmosphere led to oscillation of the piezometric surface of about 0.7 m. The observation raised concerns about the long-term performance of simi...
The most popular contact angle (CA)-based approaches for determination of solid surface free energy (SFE) are considered: (i) single liquid methods, mainly of Neumann and Chibowski, (ii) the multiple liquids approach of Owens–Wendt–Rabel&...
The paper presents the results concerning the influence of concentration and storage time on the equilibrium surface tension of chemical solutions used in a clean-in place (CIP) system. Standard cleaning solutions (prepared under laboratory condition...
A long-standing problem for the origins of life is that polymerization of many biopolymers, including nucleic acids and peptides, is thermodynamically unfavourable in aqueous solution. If bond making and breaking is reversible, monomers and very shor...
In this study, a wet steam model was used to investigate the effect of steam superheat on ejector performance and non-equilibrium condensation phenomena. The simulation data for the ejector were validated with experimental data. The simulations show...
To investigate the effect of aging at 580 °C in wet air (humid aging) on the oxygen adsorption on the surface of SnO2 particles, the electric properties and the sensor response to hydrogen in dry and humid atmospheres for SnO2 resistive-type gas sens...
On the basis of the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, the following condition was determined: necessary and sufficient for the occurrence of a minimum free energy of a liquid droplet deposited on a solid substrate in a gaseous environment...
A wetting and drying treatment for a three-dimensional discontinuous Galerkin hydrodynamic model without mode splitting (external and internal modes) was developed. In this approach, computing elements are classified into wet, dry, and semidry elemen...
Standalone membrane distillation (MD) and forward osmosis (FO) have been considered as promising technologies for produced water treatment. However, standalone MD is still vulnerable to membrane-wetting and scaling problems, while the standalone FO i...
Directional water transport fabrics can proactively transfer moisture from the body. They show great potential in making sportswear and summer clothing. While moisture transfer has been previously reported, heat transfer in directional water transpor...
To reduce operating costs on the basis of ensuring the desulfurization efficiency in a wet flue gas desulfurization system, a theoretical model was put forward, and a calculation method was set up. Correlations between reaction zone height, flue gas...
Steady-state two-phase flow in porous media is a process whereby a wetting phase displaces a non-wetting phase within a pore network. It is an off-equilibrium stationary process—in the sense that it is maintained in dynamic equilibrium at the expense...
Interfacial properties such as interfacial profiles, surface activity, wetting transitions, and interfacial tensions along the three-phase line are described for a Type IIIa binary mixture. The methodological approach combines the square gradient the...
A variety of crystal structures is found in nature, not only equilibrium structures reflecting molecular structures, but also non-equilibrium structures which depend on the physicochemical conditions occurring during the crystal growth. In this paper...
The Green–Ampt (GA) model is a widely used analytical method to calculate the depth of the wetting front during intense rainfall. However, it neglects the existence of the transition layer and the seepage parallel to the slope surface. Therefor...
The modeling of carbon deposition from C-H-O reformates has usually employed thermodynamic data for graphite, but has rarely employed such data for impure filamentous carbon. Therefore, electrochemical data for the literature on the chemical potentia...
The polymorphism of ammonium nitrate has significantly limited its application. Incorporating potassium nitrate into crystals of ammonium nitrate is one of the most commonly used methods to inhibit its polymorphic transition. To accurately prepare cr...
Water condensation is a possible cause of membrane wetting in the operation of membrane contactors, especially under high-temperature conditions. In this study, water condensation in pores of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hollow fiber membranes was...
Growing oil demand and the gradual depletion of conventional oil reserves by primary extraction has highlighted the need for enhanced oil recovery techniques to increase the potential of existing reservoirs and facilitate the recovery of more complex...
Aerosol mixing state significantly affects concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), wet removal rates, thermodynamic properties, heterogeneous chemistry, and aerosol optical properties, with implications for human health and climate. Over t...
This research examined the drying–wetting cycles induced changes in undrained triaxial shear strength parameters and microstructural changes of Yili loess. The drying–wetting cycles were selected as 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30. Then, we col...
The Middle Devonian Marcellus Formation of North America is the most prolific hydrocarbon play in the Appalachian basin, the second largest producer of natural gas in the United States, and one of the most productive gas fields in the world. Regional...
A molecular modeling methodology is presented to analyze the wetting behavior of natural surfaces exhibiting roughness at the nanoscale. Using atomic force microscopy, the surface topology of a Ketton carbonate is measured with a nanometer resolution...
Calcium-deficient zinc-containing calcium phosphate (ZnAP), which has sustained zinc release properties that are effective for treating osteoporosis, can be efficiently synthesized as a biomaterial through wet grinding. To elucidate the physicochemic...
The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the use of medical protective equipment, including face masks, to protect the individual from the virus. This work studies the feasibility of using these materials as fuel for thermochemical processes for the product...
A two-phase flow axisymmetric numerical model was proposed to understand liquid metal droplet formation in a co-flowing capillary microfluidics device based on a phase field model. The droplet detachment processes were observed in the experiment and...
A semi-continuous monitoring system, a parallel plate wet denuder and particle into liquid sampler coupled with ion chromatography (PPWD-PILS-IC), was used to measure the hourly precursor gases and water-soluble inorganic ions in ambient particles sm...
Understanding mold flux crystallization is essential for assessing heat transfer during steel casting. The complexity of the mold gap presents challenges in identifying the optimal testing method and nucleation type. This study investigates how varia...
In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the supercavitation and hydrodynamic characteristics of high-speed vehicles. A homogeneous equilibrium flow model and a Schnerr–Sauer model based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes method are...
The injection of chemicals into sandstones can lead to alterations in wettability, where oil characteristics such as the TAN (total acid number) may determine the wetting state of the reservoir. By combining the spontaneous imbibition principle and t...
The direct vapor equilibration-laser spectroscopy (DVE-LS) method can be used to measure the stable isotopes of soil water (δ2H and δ18O), a technique that is easier to operate and quicker for sampling compared to the traditional cryogeni...
The performance of the Plate Indirect Evaporative Cooler (PIEC) can be effectively improved by incorporating baffles in the dry channel. However, in the dimensional influence of the baffles on PIEC performance there remains a research gap. In order t...
In this work, the reactive wetting and infiltration behaviors of a newly designed Sn-V binary alloy were comprehensively explored on porous graphite for the first time. It was discovered that 0.5 wt.% addition of V can obviously improve the wettabili...
Hydrothermal liquefaction can directly and efficiently convert wet biomass into biocrude with a high heating value. We developed a continuous hydrothermal liquefaction model via Aspen Plus to explore the effects of moisture content of Chlorella, reac...
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