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195 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
9,725 Views
26 Pages

After the fall of communism, the healthcare systems of Central and Eastern European countries underwent enormous transformation, resulting in departure from publicly financed healthcare. This had significant adverse effects on equity in healthcare, w...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inequalities in Health Care)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,896 Views
15 Pages

Concept of Micro Healthcare Entrepreneurship (MHE) to Facilitate Universal Health Coverage (UHC): Prospects and Challenges

  • Forhad Hossain,
  • Rafiqul Islam,
  • Takuzo Osugi,
  • Faiz Shah and ,
  • Tsunenori Mine,
  • Naoki Nakashima and
  • Ashir Ahmed
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

8 March 2024

In the pursuit of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), developing countries with limited resources face significant hurdles. Traditional top-down approaches, spearheaded by governments, often entail lengthy planning periods and substantial costs to reach...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovation and Entrepreneurship Management for Sustainable Enterprises)
  • Essay
  • Open Access
1,676 Views
9 Pages

During the COVID-19 pandemic, while some countries succeeded in reducing their rate of death after SARS-CoV-2 infection via vaccination by the end of 2021, some of them also faced hospital capacity strain, leading to social anxiety about delays in th...

(This article belongs to the Topic Post COVID-19: Latest Advances, Challenges and Methodologies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
10,337 Views
15 Pages

Zimbabwean pharmacists undergo university level education to understand the biochemical mechanisms and actions of medicines but are limited in their scope of practice. They are called medicines experts, yet they are not allowed to apply their special...

(This article belongs to the Section Pharmacy Practice and Practice-Based Research)
  • Perspective
  • Open Access
30 Citations
6,916 Views
13 Pages

Strengthening Primary Healthcare in Jordan for Achieving Universal Health Coverage: A Need for Family Health Team Approach

  • Yousef Khader,
  • Mohannad Al Nsour,
  • Sara Abu Khudair,
  • Randa Saad and ,
  • Mohammad Rassoul Tarawneh and
  • Faris Lami
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

19 November 2023

Achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is a strategic objective of the Jordanian government and has been prioritized in its strategies and plans. However, there are several challenges affecting primary healthcare in Jordan and the health system in...

(This article belongs to the Section Family Medicine)
  • Review
  • Open Access
36 Citations
11,955 Views
21 Pages

Background: We conducted a systematic review on the role of private health insurance to complement the social health insurance system towards achieving universal health coverage in China. This review presents the impacts of private health insurance o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,025 Views
23 Pages

The quality and safety of healthcare facility (HCF) services are critical to achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and yet the WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring program for water supply, sanitation and hygiene report indicates that only 51% and 23% of...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solutions for Improving Essential Environmental Conditions in Healthcare Facilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries)
  • Article
  • Open Access
882 Views
13 Pages

Emergency and Non-Referral Admissions as Predictors of Hospital Mortality Among Adults with Congenital Heart Diseases: A Nationwide Claim-Based Registry Study in Japan

  • Yoshihide Mitani,
  • Michikazu Nakai,
  • Isao Shiraishi,
  • Hiroyuki Ohashi and ,
  • Hirofumi Sawada and
  • Hideo Ohuchi
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

27 January 2026

Background: Improved pediatric cardiac care has markedly increased the adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) population worldwide, creating new clinical and healthcare delivery challenges. However, nationwide evidence on predictors of acute outcomes...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
595 Views
18 Pages

Background/Objectives: This study examines gender differences in healthcare utilization and financial burden across family structures under Korea’s near-universal health insurance system. Methods: Using 2010–2018 Korea Health Panel data,...

(This article belongs to the Section Healthcare and Sustainability)
  • Review
  • Open Access
974 Views
22 Pages

A Comparison of the Italian and Chinese Health Care Systems: Policy, Convergence, and the Need for Reform

  • Filippo Gibelli,
  • Giovanna Ricci,
  • Giulio Nittari,
  • Alberto Blandino and ,
  • Jingyi Liu,
  • Tommaso Spasari and
  • Paolo Bailo
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

19 August 2026

Health systems are fundamental to ensuring the right to health and maintaining the stability of welfare states. In this broad framework, this narrative review takes a look at Italy and China—two countries with very different historical backgrou...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
12 Citations
9,160 Views
13 Pages

Background: This systematic review assesses the role of the Cooperative Health Insurance System (CHIS) in achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Saudi Arabia’s evolving healthcare system by consolidating and analyzing findings from divers...

(This article belongs to the Section Health Assessments)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,974 Views
16 Pages

Inequality in the Distribution and Utilization of Healthcare Resources in Kazakhstan (2002–2023): A Spatiotemporal Analysis

  • Askhat Shaltynov,
  • Madina Abenova,
  • Assel Baibussinova,
  • Yuliya Semenova and ,
  • Nazarbek Omarov,
  • Gulnaz Tanatarova,
  • Aigerim Sepbossynova and
  • Jorge Rocha
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

Global progress toward achieving universal health coverage (UHC) by 2030 remains insufficient, as significant regional disparities in access to healthcare persist. In Kazakhstan, the uneven distribution of healthcare resources continues despite refor...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Equity and Universal Health Coverage)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,270 Views
12 Pages

Intersectoral collaboration is an instrument that enables better productivity by filling in for possible gaps in knowledge, skills, and competencies in a given department by leveraging them from other departments. In Kenya, there is a paucity of info...

(This article belongs to the Section Global Health)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
44 Citations
7,827 Views
19 Pages

Patient-Reported Financial Distress in Cancer: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors in Universal Healthcare Systems

  • Sophie Pauge,
  • Bastian Surmann,
  • Katja Mehlis,
  • Andrea Zueger and ,
  • Luise Richter,
  • Natalja Menold,
  • Wolfgang Greiner and
  • Eva C. Winkler
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

7 October 2021

Financial toxicity is a side effect of cancer that results from the perceived financial distress an individual may experience in the course of the disease. The purpose of this paper is to analyse underlying factors related to subjective financial dis...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematic Reviews of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients with Cancer)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,347 Views
12 Pages

Concerns about the moral hazards and usage of universal health insurance require examination. This study aimed to analyze changes in lifestyle, metabolic syndrome-related health status, and individuals’ tendency to use healthcare services accor...

(This article belongs to the Section Health Policy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,870 Views
18 Pages

Universal health coverage (UHC) defines individuals’ timely access to healthcare services without suffering any health-related financial constraints. The Senegalese government has shown commitments towards achievement of UHC as a way of improvi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,649 Views
19 Pages

The Sustainable Development Goals commit states to Universal Health Coverage (UHC) for all; yet displaced populations—including asylum seekers, refugees, internally displaced persons (IDPs), and undocumented migrants—remain systematically...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue SDG 3 in Sub-Saharan Africa: Emerging Public Health Issues)
  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,934 Views
30 Pages

Amenable Mortality in Children under 5: An Indicator for Identifying Inequalities in Healthcare Delivery: A Review

  • Eduardo Navarro-Jimenez,
  • Pedro Saturno-Hernández,
  • Marta Jaramillo-Mejía and
  • Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez

24 June 2024

Universal health coverage has been proposed as a strategy to improve health in low- and middle-income countries, but this depends on a good provision of health services. Under-5 mortality (U5M) reflects the quality of health services, and its reducti...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in NICU Health Care)
  • Article
  • Open Access
405 Views
18 Pages

12 August 2026

Background: Progress toward universal health coverage in Central Asia depends on the interaction between public healthcare financing, broader social protection, and the fiscal capacity of the state. The region is analytically important because five p...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Expenditures and Economic Resilience: Macro Perspectives)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
631 Views
14 Pages

Purpose: Access to assistive technology (AT) is a fundamental human right and a critical component of Universal Health Coverage (UHC). In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, the scarcity of trained professionals remains a significant barr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assistive Technologies, Robotics, and Automated Machines in the Health Domain: Third Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,324 Views
10 Pages

Evaluation of Smallpox Vaccination Coverage and Attitude towards Monkeypox Vaccination among Healthcare Workers in an Italian University Hospital

  • Sergio Scarinci,
  • Martina Padovan,
  • Bianca Cosci,
  • Armando Petillo and ,
  • Vittorio Gattini,
  • Francesca Cosentino,
  • Aldo Mignani,
  • Rudy Foddis and
  • Giovanni Guglielmi
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

22 November 2023

(1) Background: In 2022, monkeypox (Mpox) was declared a public health emergency. The European Medicines Agency has authorized the use of Imvanex/Jynneos, a smallpox vaccine, for coverage against pox. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are all considered by t...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monkeypox Vaccination in Non-endemic Countries: Considerations for Public Health and Policy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,118 Views
14 Pages

Background: The global push to achieve the 90-90-90 targets designed to end the HIV epidemic has called for the removing of policy barriers to prevention and treatment, and ensuring financial sustainability of HIV programs. Universal health insurance...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue HIV Prevention: Approaches Towards Elimination)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1,379 Views
26 Pages

Pharmacogenomics and Epigenetic Regulation Transforming Pediatric Precision Therapeutics

  • Shakta Mani Satyam,
  • Sainath Prabhakar,
  • Tanya Densil,
  • Husham Taha Mohammed and ,
  • Rashmi Kumari,
  • Mohamed El-Tanani,
  • Abdul Rehman,
  • Ahmad Kharoufeh,
  • Mohammed Dalbah and
  • Mohamed Talat Zaky Mahmoud Eltrabishi
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

19 June 2026

Pediatric drug therapy remains fundamentally challenged by profound interindividual variability driven by dynamic development, genetic, and environmental factors. Although dosing strategies based on age, body weight, or body surface area remain impor...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends and Challenges in Pharmacogenomics Research)
  • Article
  • Open Access
530 Views
17 Pages

Background: Community-based health insurance is an important strategy for extending healthcare access and financial protection to informal-sector populations. In Tanzania, the Improved Community Health Fund (iCHF) is implemented through region-specif...

(This article belongs to the Section Global Health)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,479 Views
26 Pages

28 October 2025

As part of Vision 2030, Saudi Arabia is transforming its healthcare system, shifting away from an unsustainable free-service model. To establish a more sustainable healthcare system, policymakers are considering introducing a National Health Insuranc...

(This article belongs to the Section Health, Well-Being and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,296 Views
17 Pages

Dental Care and Oral Health Within the Framework of Bulgarian Public Health Financing

  • Ralitsa Raycheva,
  • Ivelina Popova-Sotirova and
  • Nina Musurlieva

25 November 2025

Background/Objectives: Oral health is a critical component of public health, yet disparities in access and financing remain significant. In Bulgaria, dental services are financed through the National Health Insurance Fund and patient co-payments, wit...

(This article belongs to the Section Healthcare Organizations, Systems, and Providers)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,818 Views
26 Pages

9 November 2022

Using 68,930 observations selected from 16,535 adults in the Korea Health Panel survey (2014–2018), this study explored healthcare barriers that prevent people from meeting their healthcare needs most severely during adulthood, and the characte...

(This article belongs to the Section Health Policy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
13,851 Views
19 Pages

Primary Health Care System Strengthening Project in Sri Lanka: Status and Challenges with Human Resources, Information Systems, Drugs and Laboratory Services

  • Pruthu Thekkur,
  • Manoj Fernando,
  • Divya Nair,
  • Ajay M. V. Kumar and ,
  • Srinath Satyanarayana,
  • Nadeeka Chandraratne,
  • Amila Chandrasiri,
  • Deepika Eranjanie Attygalle,
  • Hideki Higashi and
  • Anthony D. Harries
  • + 7 authors+ 2 authors

10 November 2022

A Primary Healthcare-System-Strengthening Project (PSSP) is implemented by the Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka, with funding support from the World Bank for providing quality care through primary medical care institutions (PMCIs). We used an explanator...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,581 Views
13 Pages

Access to Healthcare Services among Thai Immigrants in Japan: A Study of the Areas Surrounding Tokyo

  • Sopak Supakul,
  • Pichaya Jaroongjittanusonti,
  • Prangkhwan Jiaranaisilawong,
  • Romruedee Phisalaphong and ,
  • Tetsuya Tanimoto and
  • Akihiko Ozaki
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Numerous undocumented and uninsured foreigners living in Japan have faced barriers when trying to obtain appropriate healthcare services, which have occasionally led to issues with unpaid medical bills to medical institutions. Although information on...

  • Review
  • Open Access
153 Citations
24,272 Views
15 Pages

Digital Health Interventions to Improve Access to and Quality of Primary Health Care Services: A Scoping Review

  • Daniel Erku,
  • Resham Khatri,
  • Aklilu Endalamaw,
  • Eskinder Wolka and ,
  • Frehiwot Nigatu,
  • Anteneh Zewdie and
  • Yibeltal Assefa
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Global digital technology advances offer the potential to enhance primary health care (PHC) quality, reach, and efficiency, driving toward universal health coverage (UHC). This scoping review explored how digital health solutions aid PHC delivery and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Digital Health for Strengthening Health Systems in Low and Middle Income Countries)
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,264 Views
9 Pages

Disparities in Coverage of Adult Immunization among Older Adults in India

  • Damini Singh,
  • Abhinav Sinha,
  • Srikanta Kanungo and
  • Sanghamitra Pati

12 December 2022

A lack of a universal adult immunization scheme in India poses a challenge to achieve universal health coverage. Healthcare disparity is one of the biggest challenges in low- and middle-income countries such as India. We aimed to estimate the dispari...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inequality in Immunization 2023)
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
5,265 Views
13 Pages

28 January 2020

While vaccination is the only established option to prevent a susceptible host from influenza, we have yet to clarify the decision-making mechanisms of vaccine uptake among Japanese university and college students. We aimed to explore vaccination cov...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategies to Increase Vaccination Coverage and Vaccine Confidence)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,997 Views
19 Pages

Inequalities in Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure Measured Using Financing Incidence Analysis (FIA): A Systematic Review

  • Askhat Shaltynov,
  • Ulzhan Jamedinova,
  • Yulia Semenova,
  • Madina Abenova and
  • Ayan Myssayev

Government efforts and reforms in health financing systems in various countries are aimed at achieving universal health coverage. Household spending on healthcare plays a very important role in achieving this goal. The aim of this systematic review w...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthcare Policy, Inequity, and Systems Research)
  • Commentary
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,481 Views
11 Pages

Preventive Healthcare and Disability: Challenges and Opportunities

  • Giovanni Emanuele Ricciardi,
  • Rita Cuciniello,
  • Veronica Raimondi,
  • Francesco Vaia and ,
  • Carlo Signorelli and
  • Cristina Renzi
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

23 August 2025

Despite global commitments to universal health coverage, persons with disabilities (PwD) continue to face significant barriers in accessing appropriate healthcare, including diagnostics, treatments and preventive healthcare, with lower participation...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Collaborative Approaches to Risk Management and Infection Control: A Patient Perspective)
  • Review
  • Open Access
63 Citations
13,462 Views
21 Pages

Strengthening the Health System as a Strategy to Achieving a Universal Health Coverage in Underprivileged Communities in Africa: A Scoping Review

  • Anelisa Jaca,
  • Thobile Malinga,
  • Chinwe Juliana Iwu-Jaja,
  • Chukwudi Arnest Nnaji and ,
  • Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor,
  • Dorcas Kamuya and
  • Charles Shey Wiysonge
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

Universal health coverage (UHC) is defined as people having access to quality healthcare services (e.g., treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care) they need, irrespective of their financial status. Access to quality healthcare services continue...

  • Review
  • Open Access
41 Citations
1,921 Views
10 Pages

Introduction: The Indian healthcare system is evolving towards better healthcare implementation and coverage. However, even today, the health-care system faces several challenges, a few of which are yet to be addressed. The present review is aimed to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,864 Views
8 Pages

The aim of this study was to assess vaccination perception and the prevalence of the overall vaccination coverage (VC) and associated factors among university students. An online study was conducted among students of a university in Rouen (Normandy),...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,467 Views
25 Pages

Taiwan’s Smart Healthcare Value Chain: AI Innovation from R&D to Industry Deployment

  • Tzu-Min Lin,
  • Hui-Wen Yang,
  • Ching-Cheng Han and
  • Chih-Sheng Lin

21 December 2025

Taiwan’s strategic focus in digital healthcare has been officially integrated into national industrial policy and identified as a crucial application area for artificial intelligence (AI) and next-generation communication technologies. As the h...

(This article belongs to the Section Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare)
  • Article
  • Open Access
920 Views
17 Pages

Health and Healthcare-Related Experiences Among Filipino University Students: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive and Unadjusted Comparative Study

  • Melynn Grace Parcon,
  • Sara Darias-Curvo,
  • Cristo Manuel Marrero-González and
  • Ángel Ramón Sabando-García

23 September 2026

Background: In the Philippines, despite recent health system reforms, barriers to healthcare access and financial protection persist, and the role of parental migration in shaping healthcare access among university students remains incompletely under...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
9,578 Views
17 Pages

What Determines the District-Level Disparities in Immunization Coverage in India: Findings from Five Rounds of the National Family Health Survey

  • Nandita Saikia,
  • Krishna Kumar,
  • Jayanta Kumar Bora,
  • Souvik Mondal and ,
  • Santosh Phad and
  • Sumeet Agarwal
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

16 April 2023

India’s Universal Immunization Programme has been performing at a sub-optimal level over the past decade, with there being a wide disparity in terms of immunization coverage between states. This study investigates the covariates that affect imm...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,109 Views
15 Pages

Background: Mental healthcare has emerged as a major public health issue in the aftermath of COVID-19 worldwide due to global health system challenges which hinder effective healthcare. In this, there is a knowledge gap on research exploring the perc...

  • Review
  • Open Access
88 Citations
24,098 Views
30 Pages

19 April 2020

Fighting health inequalities is a challenge addressed by the United Nations Strategic Development Goals (UN-SDGs). Particularly, people living in rural areas suffer from a lack of health infrastructure, which would jeopardize their inclusion in unive...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of New Technologies in Promoting Healthy Lifestyles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,879 Views
11 Pages

Trends and Geographical Distribution of Family Health Strategy in Brazil from 2009–2023

  • Pedro Henrique Sales Barbosa,
  • Bárbara Sarni Sanches,
  • Maria Luisa dos Anjos Correa do Espírito Santo,
  • Hudson Pabst and ,
  • Marcelo Gerardin Poirot Land and
  • Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Background/Objectives: The Brazilian Unified Health System was established in 1988 as a public health system with principles of universality, equity, and integrality. One of Brazil’s main strategies to strengthen universal healthcare is the Fam...

(This article belongs to the Section Family Medicine)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,485 Views
26 Pages

Radio Coverage Assessment and Indoor Communication Enhancement in Hospitals: A Case Study at CHUCB

  • Óscar Silva,
  • Emanuel Bordalo Teixeira,
  • Ana Corceiro,
  • Antonio D. Reis and
  • Fernando J. Velez

9 August 2025

The adoption of wireless medical technologies in hospital environments is often limited by cellular coverage issues, especially in indoor areas with complex structures. This study presents a detailed radio spectrum measurement campaign conducted at t...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Architectures, Protocols and Algorithms of Sensor Networks—Second Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
846 Views
27 Pages

Objective: This study identifies specific patterns of exclusion in health insurance policies in India, based on age, gender and pre-existing ailments. Method: For its purposes, extensive primary research was conducted across different levels of the h...

(This article belongs to the Topic Bridging Socio-Economic Inequalities in Health: Addressing Access Gaps in Low-Income and Vulnerable Populations)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,872 Views
14 Pages

Difference in Knowledge About HPV, HPV Vaccination, and Influencing Factors Between Healthcare and Non-Healthcare Students of the University of Rijeka

  • Sandro Kresina,
  • Nataša Ivančić Jokić,
  • Vlatka Sotošek,
  • Helena Glibotić Kresina and ,
  • Danko Bakarčić,
  • Sara Kresina,
  • Tea Ivančić Jokić,
  • Maja Šikić Pogačar,
  • Karolina Vušković Ćosić and
  • Neda Smiljan Severinski
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

9 February 2026

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide and a major cause of several cancers. HPV vaccination is the most effective measure of preventing HPV infection, but knowledge and attitudes...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,667 Views
8 Pages

Association between COVID-19 and Sick Leave for Healthcare Workers in a Large Academic Hospital in Southern Italy: An Observational Study

  • Raffaele Palladino,
  • Michelangelo Mercogliano,
  • Claudio Fiorilla,
  • Alessandro Frangiosa and ,
  • Sabrina Iodice,
  • Stefano Sanduzzi Zamparelli,
  • Emma Montella,
  • Maria Triassi and
  • Alessandro Sanduzzi Zamparelli
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

Studies have shown that the pandemic has led to an increase in sick leave periods among healthcare workers (HCWs); however, this might have changed over time considering increase in vaccination coverage and change in COVID-19 variant predominance. Th...

(This article belongs to the Section Public Health Statistics and Risk Assessment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
14,360 Views
19 Pages

26 November 2015

Healthcare payments could drive households with no health insurance coverage into financial catastrophe, which might lead them to cut spending on necessities, sell assets, or use credit. In extreme cases, healthcare payments could have devastating co...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Education and Health in Economic Development)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,035 Views
12 Pages

5 September 2025

Malaysia is an upper-middle-income country and one of the few in Asia that has achieved Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Despite this, healthcare in Malaysia is less accessible to marginalized groups, such as transgender women, because a legal framew...

(This article belongs to the Section Sexual and Reproductive Health, Sexual Medicine, and Psychosocial Remediation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,771 Views
18 Pages

18 September 2025

Background/Objectives: This study investigates the relationship between maternal media access and childhood immunization status in Nigeria using the Levesque Framework for Healthcare Access. Methods: Utilizing data from the 2021 MICS-NICS survey, the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inequality in Immunization 2025)

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