831 Results Found

This study investigates the vertical structure of the dynamical properties of a warm-core ring in the Gulf of Mexico (Loop Current ring) using glider observations. We introduce a new method to correct the glider’s along-track coordinate, which is, in...

Fluxgate sensors are key devices for magnetic field surveys in geophysics. In areas such as deep drilling, fluxgate sensors may have to operate steadily at high temperatures for a prolonged period of time. We present an accordant ring-core type fluxg...

To address the issues of limited orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode count, poor transmission quality, and complex cladding structures in ring-core photonic crystal fibers, a novel OAM-supporting ring-core anti-resonant photonic crystal fiber is desi...

This work presents the first instance of a silica few-mode microstructured optical fiber (MOF) being successfully fabricated with a hollow GeO₂-doped ring core and by strongly inducing twisting up to 790 revolutions per meter. Some technological issu...

A novel system structure of resonant fiber optical gyroscope using a parallel double hollow-core photonic crystal fiber ring resonator is proposed, which employs the double closed loop and reciprocal modulation–demodulation technique to solve t...

Spurred by the rapid development of fiber optic sensing technology, photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) have received widespread attention. However, they can only detect a narrow range, and the coating proces...

We report the ring core fiber spliced with single mode fiber and no core fiber which is used for temperature and refractive index (RI) sensing. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is formed with this kind of sandwich fiber structure and the maximum...

The orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light is used for increasing the optical communication capacity in the mode division multiplexing (MDM) technique. A novel and simple structure of ring-core photonic crystal fiber (RC-PCF) is proposed in this pap...

This paper details the utilization of the focused ion beam digital image correlation (FIB-DIC) technique for measuring in-plane displacements and the employment of the height digital image correlation (hDIC) technique as a two-step DIC method for det...

We demonstrated that a ring-core erbium-doped fiber amplifier (RC-EDFA) can support orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes with topological charges (|l| = 1~3). The dependence of the characteristics on the length of the RC-EDF was investigated experime...

This fundamental understanding of molecular structure–NLO property relationships provides critical design principles for next-generation optical limiting materials, quantum photonic devices, and ultrafast nonlinear optical switches, addressing...

The large mode field area fiber can raise the tolerance of power, and high requirements for the bending characteristics of optical fibers are needed. In this paper, a fiber composed of a comb-index core, gradient-refractive index ring, and multi-clad...

We study the duality between corings and ring extensions. We construct a new category with a self-dual functor acting on it, which extends that duality. This construction can be seen as the non-commutative case of another duality extension: the duali...

The ring structure of Siljan, located in the central part of Sweden, is considered by many researchers to be a meteorite (impact) crater. Impact craters are among the most complex geological objects on the Earth. The origin and formation of these str...

The geomagnetic dynamo is currently considered the most likely source of the Earth’s main dipole field. However, the radius of the current ring located in the Earth’s core is not reliably known. There are methods for indirectly estimating...

We design a graded-index ring-core fiber with a GeO₂-doped silica ring core and SiO₂ cladding. This fiber structure can inhibit the effect of spin-orbit coupling to mitigate the power transfer among different modes and eventually enhance the orbital...

In this paper, a novel diamond-assisted ring-core fiber (DRF) is proposed. With the introduction of a low-refractive-index diamond-shaped region located in the center of the core, the proposed fiber effectively eliminates spatial degeneracy of the LP...

A compact microfluidic Raman detection system based on a single-ring negative-curvature hollow-core fiber is presented. The system can be used for in-line qualitative and quantitative analysis of biochemicals. Both efficient light coupling and contin...

Three analogues of 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (calcitriol), featuring a trans-fused decalin C,D-core with local S₂-symmetry, and possessing identical side-chain and seco-B,A-ring structures, have been synthesized starting from readily available (4aR,8...

Nucleophilic ring-opening of bis(oxiranes), containing several reactive centers, can be used to elaborate straightforward atom-economy and stereoselective approaches to polyfunctionalized compounds. In the present work, ring-opening of cis- and trans...

An optical fiber temperature sensor based on Mach–Zehnder interferometer and thermo-optic effect of the liquid crystal (LC) in fiber ring laser (FRL) system is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The LC is infiltrated into the core of hollow co...

Air-core-liquid-ring (ACLR) atomizers present a specific type of internal mixing pneumatic atomizers, which can be used for efficient atomization of high viscous liquids. Generally, atomization efficiency is considered as a correlation between energy...

The continuous increase in capacity of non-volatile data storage systems will lead to bit densities of one bit per atom in 2020. Beyond this point, capacity can be increased by moving into the third dimension. We propose to use self-assembly of nanos...

In this paper, we design a silica-cladded Germania-doped ring-core fiber (RCF) that supports orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes. By optimizing the fiber structure parameters, the RCF possesses a near-zero flat dispersion with a total variation of &...

We present the first Greenlandic tree ring oxygen isotope record (δ¹⁸O_GTR), derived from four birch trees collected from the Qinguadalen Valley in southwestern Greenland in 1999. Our δ¹⁸O record spans from 1950–1999 and is significa...

The wide applicability of titanium (Ti) has prompted the analysis to improve its mechanical strength through the addition of different alloying elements. Among these, Ti materials with pre-mixed pure Ti and titanium nitride (TiN) powders as the start...

Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have increasingly attracted attention in the field of optical communication. However, transmission is still an issue due to transmission loss, especially in optical fibers. In this work, we propose...

In this paper, a technique that combines digital image correlation and wire electrical discharge machining for the measurement of the residual strain is presented. The significant potential benefits of this work include noncontact, high-speed, and on...

The results from the geological and geophysical investigations of the Siljan Ring impact structure (central Sweden) have shown that the Paleozoic sedimentary succession and the Precambrian basement were strongly affected by complex deformational proc...

We herein present a weakly-coupled double bow-tie multi-ring elliptical core multi-mode fiber (DBT-MREC-MMF) supporting 22 eigenmodes for mode division multiplexing across the C+L+U band. The proposed fiber introduces a multi-ring elliptical core, bo...

Due to global warming, in the northeastern semiarid coastal regions of Brazil, regional and global drivers are responsible for decreasing continental runoff and increasing estuarine water residence time, which promotes a greater mobilization of bioav...

A hybrid cladding ring-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for transmitting orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes is proposed, which breaks the circular symmetry of the fiber structure to suppress the spin–orbit coupling and promotes bending resis...

Air-core–liquid-ring (ACLR) atomization presents a specific type of internal mixing pneumatic atomization. It can be used for disintegration of high viscous feed liquids into small droplets at relatively low gas consumptions. However, the speci...

The residual stress of thin films during the deposition process can cause the components to have unpredictable deformation and damage, which could affect the service life and reliability of the microsystems. Developing an accurate and reliable method...

In this work, bending-induced deterioration of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in ring core fiber (RCF), photonic crystal fiber (PCF), and vortex fiber (VF) was theoretically investigated: Bending losses, coupling losses, and intermodal crosstal...

We performed oceanic and atmospheric observations in the region off the Sanriku coast, Japan, from May 11 to 5 July 2022, using a wave-propelled unmanned surface vehicle, a Wave Glider (WG). Despite the severe weather conditions of atmospheric low-pr...

Macromolecules that possess three-dimensional, branched molecular structures are of great interest because they exhibit significantly differentiated application performance compared to conventional linear (straight chain) polymers. This paper reports...

We prepared and studied bent-core liquid crystalline (LC) compounds based on 1,3-disubstituted benzene in a central part and azo-linkage attached directly to this bent core. We designed three structures and checked their mesogenic properties, as well...

Silver-based low-emissivity (low-E) coatings are applied on architectural glazing to cost-effectively reduce heat losses, as they generally consist of dielectric/Ag/dielectric multilayer stacks, where the thin Ag layer reflects long- wavelength infra...

The tree-ring fire scar stands as a pivotal proxy for reconstructing historical wildfire occurrences, providing invaluable context for comprehending contemporary wildfire activities during the Anthropocene era. Precise identification of fire scars of...

The vibration suppression performance of the pyramid lattice core sandwich plates is receiving increasing attention and needs further investigation for technical upgrading of potential engineering applications. Inspired by the localized resonant mech...

Determining the phase transition temperature of different types of liquid crystals based on their structural parameters is a complex problem. The experimental work might be eliminated or reduced if prediction strategies could effectively anticipate t...

The blast resistance of a sandwich-walled cylinder/ring comprising two metal face-sheets and a graded metal foam core, subjected to internal air blast loading, is investigated. Analytical models are developed for the deformation of the sandwich cylin...

A micro-ring resonator structure was fabricated via the two-photon polymerization technique directly on a single-mode fiber tip and tested for refractive index sensing application. The micro-ring structure was used to excite whispering-gallery modes,...

A stereocontrolled approach to the cis-decalin framework of clerodane diterpenes and biologically active quinone sesquiterpenes is reported. Starting from an inexpensive optically pure tetrahydroindanone, Birch reductive alkylation builds two new con...

Three rings 2-hydroxypyridine liquid crystalline compounds have been prepared and fully characterized. The mesomorphic behavior of the prepared compounds has been investigated in terms of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical...

To reduce the risk of side effects and enhance therapeutic efficiency, drug delivery systems that offer precise control over active ingredient release while minimizing burst effects are considered advantageous. In this study, a novel approach for the...

Optofluidics is a relatively young research field able to create a tight synergy between optics and micro/nano-fluidics. The high level of integration between fluidic and optical elements achievable by means of optofluidic approaches makes it possibl...

To identify the core structure of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) responsible for the anti-oxidative and protective effect on the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced heart injury, various 2-APB analogues were analyzed, and several antioxidant ass...

We report the synthesis and characterization of synthetic polymer aerogels based on dendritic-type urethane-norbornene monomers. The core of those monomers is based either on an aromatic/rigid (TIPM/Desmodur RE), or an aliphatic/flexible (Desmodur N3...