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12,936 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,156 Views
16 Pages

30 September 2022

Numerous researchers of soil creep behavior adopt stepwise loading (SL) rather than respective loading (RL) to perform the triaxial creep tests. However, a complete continuous strain–time curve of SL needs to be converted into assumed curve clu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
876 Views
19 Pages

Optimization of an Off-Grid PV System with Respect to the Loss of Load Probability Value

  • Zvonimir Šimić,
  • Marinko Barukčić,
  • Goran Knežević and
  • Danijel Topić

29 September 2025

In this paper, a method for finding the optimal size of an off-grid photovoltaic (PV) system regarding the Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) value is proposed. The proposed method is applied to an off-grid PV system in a scenario where an electricity s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,288 Views
18 Pages

14 January 2023

This article evaluates the redistribution of forces to the parachute harness during an opening shock load and also defines the ultimate limit load of the personal parachute harness by specifying the weakest construction element and its load capacity....

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,543 Views
21 Pages

16 March 2025

The article deals with the investigation of the flexural properties of 3D-printed Nylon CF12 with regard to the correlation between the loading and layering directions. It also discusses the prospective consideration of a suitable combination of ligh...

  • Article
  • Open Access
280 Views
22 Pages

22 December 2025

The objective of the article is the assessment of the sensitivity of the equilibrium path of structures susceptible to loss of stability due to node snap-through. Increasingly, architectural designs feature organic forms and structures with complex g...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,011 Views
12 Pages

14 September 2021

The aim of this pilot study was to determine viral loads and distribution over the total length, at short distances, and in the separate layers of the intestine of virus-infected animals for future inactivation studies. Two calves, two pigs, and two...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
3,748 Views
18 Pages

Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded Poloxamer 407 Gel for Transungual Delivery of Terbinafine HCl

  • Kamran Hidayat Ullah,
  • Faisal Rasheed,
  • Iffat Naz,
  • Naveed Ul Haq,
  • Humaira Fatima,
  • Nosheen Kanwal and
  • Tofeeq Ur-Rehman

The current study aimed to develop chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP) loaded poloxamer 407 (P407) gel formulation for transungual delivery of terbinafine HCl (TBN). TBN-CSNP were prepared by nanoprecipitation method and optimized by face-centered central...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,800 Views
14 Pages

11 February 2018

A cold sprayed Al coating on S355 structural steel was processed using a laser remelting (LR). The surface and cross-section morphologies, chemical compositions, and phases of as-obtained Al coating before and after LR were analyzed using a scanning...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
6,560 Views
18 Pages

Evaluation of Polarized Remote Sensing of Aerosol Optical Thickness Retrieval over China

  • Hao Chen,
  • Tianhai Cheng,
  • Xingfa Gu,
  • Zhengqiang Li and
  • Yu Wu

20 October 2015

The monitoring capability of a polarized instrument (POLDER) under high aerosol loading conditions over China is investigated. The aerosol optical thickness (AOT), which infers the aerosol burden, is used to measure the satellite monitoring capabilit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
7,673 Views
12 Pages

22 October 2019

This study presents an experimental investigation of the flexure behavior of exterior beam-column joints made from hybrid concrete (normal concrete (NC) and reactive powder concrete (RPC)) or hybrid reinforcement (steel and carbon fiber reinforced po...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,038 Views
18 Pages

Modeling and Simulation of Unmanned Driving System for Load Haul Dump Vehicles in Underground Mines

  • Yuanjian Jiang,
  • Pingan Peng,
  • Liguan Wang,
  • Jiaheng Wang,
  • Yongchun Liu and
  • Jiaxi Wu

16 November 2022

This paper proposes the modeling and simulation of the unmanned driving system for underground load haul dump vehicles based on Gazebo/Ros. Firstly, the kinematics model of the load haul dump vehicle is derived. Then, the model of each part of the lo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,097 Views
30 Pages

20 July 2018

To improve the accuracy of the day-ahead load forecasting predictions of a single model, a novel modular parallel forecasting model with feature selection was proposed. First, load features were extracted from a historic load with a horizon from the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,799 Views
18 Pages

Two-Stage Optimization Model Based on Neo4j-Dueling Deep Q Network

  • Tie Chen,
  • Pingping Yang,
  • Hongxin Li,
  • Jiaqi Gao and
  • Yimin Yuan

8 October 2024

To alleviate the power flow congestion in active distribution networks (ADNs), this paper proposes a two-stage load transfer optimization model based on Neo4j-Dueling DQN. First, the Neo4j graph model was established as the training environment for D...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,024 Views
17 Pages

12 March 2025

Spacecraft are subjected to various external loads during flight, and these loads have a direct impact on the structural safety and functional stability of the spacecraft. Obtaining external load information can provide reliable support for spacecraf...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
2,815 Views
21 Pages

Retinal Delivery of the Protein Kinase C-β Inhibitor Ruboxistaurin Using Non-Invasive Nanoparticles of Polyamidoamine Dendrimers

  • Rehab A. Alshammari,
  • Fadilah S. Aleanizy,
  • Amal Aldarwesh,
  • Fulwah Y. Alqahtani,
  • Wael A. Mahdi,
  • Bushra Alquadeib,
  • Qamraa H. Alqahtani,
  • Nazrul Haq,
  • Faiyaz Shakeel and
  • Ibrahim A. Alsarra
  • + 1 author

Ruboxistaurin (RBX) is an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agent that is used in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy and is mainly given intravitreally. To provide a safe and effective method for RBX administration, this study wa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,215 Views
19 Pages

5 January 2023

Traffic loads are the primary external loads on bridges during their service life. However, an accurate analysis of the long-term effect of the operating traffic load is difficult because of the diversity of traffic flow in terms of vehicle type and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,231 Views
15 Pages

6 January 2021

The loessial tableland is a unique landform type on the Loess Plateau in China. Long-term soil erosion has led to the retreat of gullies and the rapid reduction of fertile arable land, which has further decreased agricultural production. In this stud...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,502 Views
13 Pages

Changes in Runoff and Sediment Loads in the Tuhai River Basin and the Factors Influencing These Changes

  • Qiqi Cao,
  • Xianguo Zong,
  • Chaozhen Qi,
  • Chuanning Yu,
  • Jianyao Guo,
  • Jingxia Shen,
  • Shoucai Wei,
  • Dong Wang,
  • Jun Zhang and
  • Jiangbao Xia

22 July 2024

In this study, rainfall, runoff, and sediment load data were collected from the Tuhai River Basin from 1972 to 2021. The Mann–Kendall test, runoff–sediment curve, and double mass curve were used to identify the characteristics and factors...

  • Article
  • Open Access
79 Citations
11,187 Views
15 Pages

22 December 2014

In our study, poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with perphenazine (PPH) and chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ-HCl) were formulated by emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The effect of various processing variables, includin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
5,530 Views
11 Pages

15 June 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of selected subjective and objective monitoring assessments in detecting changes in group and individual responses to low and high load bouts of high intensity intermittent exercise. In a counter...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,859 Views
21 Pages

25 December 2021

Various researches have been performed to find an effective confining method using FRP sheet in order to improve the structural capacity of reinforced concrete column. However, most of these researches were undertaken for the columns subjected to con...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,103 Views
12 Pages

9 February 2023

The compression and compressive creep behavior of target shipping containers, which are material properties based on finite element analysis, and the lifetime and load-sharing rate, were analyzed in this study to develop a computer-aided engineering...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,228 Views
11 Pages

Background: Evaluations of the usability of hydraulic resistance for resisted sprint-training purposes remains rare. Thus, this study compared step-by-step changes in spatiotemporal characteristics during the first 10 m of sprints with varying hydrau...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,243 Views
14 Pages

Research on Loading Method of Tractor PTO Based on Dynamic Load Spectrum

  • Yu Wang,
  • Ling Wang,
  • Jianhua Zong,
  • Dongxiao Lv and
  • Shumao Wang

The torque load spectrum is an important basis for the strength design and durability test verification of tractor power take-off (PTO), and the performance and reliability of tractor PTO directly affect the quality and efficiency of agricultural ope...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
6,865 Views
14 Pages

15 August 2018

Climate change and human activities are the major factors affecting runoff and sediment load. We analyzed the inter-annual variation trends of the annual rainfall, air temperature, runoff and sediment load in the Xihe River Basin from 1969–2015...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,231 Views
15 Pages

30 June 2021

Multibolt composite joints are widely used in aircraft structures. The determination of the pin-load distribution among the bolts is a critical step in the failure prediction of bolted joints. In this paper, a two-dimensional model of the multibolt c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,206 Views
23 Pages

A Short-Term Power Load Forecasting Method Based on SBOA–SVMD-TCN–BiLSTM

  • Mao Yang,
  • Yiming Chen,
  • Guozhong Fang,
  • Chenglian Ma,
  • Yunjing Liu and
  • Jinxin Wang

30 August 2024

Short-term electricity load forecasting provides a basis for day-ahead energy scheduling. To improve the accuracy of short-term electricity load forecasts and deeply explore the temporal characteristics of load sequences, a method is proposed to extr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
11,116 Views
23 Pages

Improving the Structural Behavior of Tied-Arch Bridges by Doubling the Set of Hangers

  • Juan Manuel García-Guerrero and
  • Juan José Jorquera-Lucerga

4 December 2020

In tied-arch bridges with a single arch, the deck is usually suspended from the arch by means of a single set of cables, pinned at both ends and anchored to the centerline, using either vertical or Nielsen-type hanger arrangements. When properly desi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,843 Views
11 Pages

Modeling of Cyclic Strength for the Asphalt Concrete Considering Damage Accumulation

  • Alibai Iskakbayev,
  • Bagdat Teltayev and
  • Cesare Oliviero Rossi

5 December 2017

The expression is obtained for determination of cyclic tensile strength for asphalt concrete, which considers damage accumulation and history of loading, using the long-term strength curve for asphalt concrete obtained according to the test results o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,609 Views
15 Pages

Fatigue Damage in Asphalt Pavement Based on Axle Load Spectrum and Seasonal Temperature

  • Wenwu Zhang,
  • Wenyang Han,
  • Wenqing Jiang,
  • Ting Cui,
  • Shanshan Wang,
  • Fei Yang and
  • Jincheng Wei

15 July 2024

In asphalt pavement structure design, traffic axle loads and pavement layer temperatures are crucial factors affecting fatigue damage calculations. To investigate the differences in fatigue damage calculations caused by different characterizations of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,522 Views
17 Pages

Loading Criteria and Deposit Layer Characteristics as Causes of Sediment Settlement in an Estuary

  • Andi Patriadi,
  • Ria Asih Aryani Soemitro,
  • Dwa Desa Warnana,
  • Wasis Wardoyo,
  • Toshifumi Mukunoki,
  • Gozo Tsujimoto,
  • Mahendra Andiek Maulana and
  • Trihanyndio Rendy Satrya

Sediment compaction due to the extraction of groundwater and self-weight consolidation, and monitoring land settlement of the river delta using geodetic measurement has been executed in several studies, while sediment settlement in the estuary is hyp...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,340 Views
24 Pages

1 June 2022

Two specimens of low-yield-point steel plate shear walls used for the experimental investigation into different failure modes of the structure were respectively carried out by the horizontal and vertical loading tests in this paper. The results deriv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
4,528 Views
10 Pages

Group versus Individualised Minimum Velocity Thresholds in the Prediction of Maximal Strength in Trained Female Athletes

  • Elias J. G. Caven,
  • Tom J. E. Bryan,
  • Amelia F. Dingley,
  • Benjamin Drury,
  • Amador Garcia-Ramos,
  • Alejandro Perez-Castilla,
  • Jorge Arede and
  • John F. T. Fernandes

This study examined the accuracy of different velocity-based methods in the prediction of bench press and squat one-repetition maximum (1RM) in female athletes. Seventeen trained females (age 17.8 ± 1.3 years) performed an incremental loading...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,910 Views
10 Pages

Mechanical Evaluation of the Stability of One or Two Miniscrews under Loading on Synthetic Bone

  • Andrea Pradal,
  • Ludovica Nucci,
  • Nicola Derton,
  • Maria Elena De Felice,
  • Gianluca Turco,
  • Vincenzo Grassia and
  • Luca Contardo

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the primary stability of a two-miniscrew system inserted into a synthetic bone and to compare the system with the traditional one. Forty-five bi-layered polyurethane blocks were used to simulate maxillary...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,216 Views
10 Pages

This study aimed to investigate the idarubicin loading method, compatible stability with contrast agent, release profiles, and morphological properties of 50–150, 100–300, and 300–500 μm CalliSpheres®. The amounts of idarubicin added, loading medium,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
4,375 Views
14 Pages

Enhancing Wind Energy Harvesting Using Passive Turbulence Control Devices

  • Junlei Wang,
  • Guoping Li,
  • Shengxi Zhou and
  • Grzegorz Litak

10 March 2019

Aiming to predict the performance of galloping piezoelectric energy harvesters, a theoretical model is established and verified by experiments. The relative error between the model and experimental results is 5.3%. In addition, the present model is u...

  • Article
  • Open Access
570 Views
26 Pages

17 October 2025

Due to the existing shortcomings of small load and few functions in the current bridge bearing testing machine, a compression–shear–torsion multifunctional bridge bearing testing machine with a maximum vertical load of 80 MN is designed....

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,847 Views
15 Pages

24 July 2023

The heating and cooling energy consumption levels of urban buildings account for a large and rapidly growing proportion of the total end-use energy consumption of society. The urban heat island (UHI) effect is an important factor influencing the spat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,120 Views
15 Pages

Flow-Induced Fatigue Damage of Large Francis Turbines Under Multiple Operating Loads

  • Pinghu Liu,
  • Xingxing Huang,
  • Tianyu Yang and
  • Zhengwei Wang

21 December 2024

The Francis runner is a critical component of the Francis turbine generator unit, playing a central role in converting water energy into rotating mechanical energy that drives the generator in hydropower stations. In-depth analyses of the flow charac...

  • Article
  • Open Access
364 Views
17 Pages

17 December 2025

The purpose of this research article is to assess the emissions performance of a marine genset that was retrofitted to combust biomethane in a dual-fuel mode. The retrofits are part of our research efforts to provide a green cold-ironing solution for...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,008 Views
16 Pages

A Rigid-Flexible Coupled Lower Limb Exoskeleton for Enhancing Load-Bearing Ambulation

  • Yong-Tang Tian,
  • Chun-Jie Chen,
  • Xiao-Jun Wu and
  • Wu-Jing Cao

10 November 2025

Lower limb exoskeletons significantly enhance human functionality. However, simultaneously improving the load capacity of these devices while reducing metabolic costs presents a major challenge in the industry. This paper presents a lower limb exoske...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,049 Views
11 Pages

Dynamic Response of Electro-Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Piezoelectric Composites

  • Yi Li,
  • Youwei Zhang,
  • Haiwei Dong,
  • Wenjie Cheng,
  • Chaoming Shi and
  • Jiangying Chen

15 December 2021

By employing ordinary Portland cement as a matrix and PZT-5H piezoelectric ceramic as the functional body, 1-3 and 2-2 cement-based piezoelectric composites were prepared. Quasi-static compression tests were performed along with dynamic impact loadin...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
12 Citations
6,494 Views
10 Pages

Track Running Shoes: A Case Report of the Transition from Classical Spikes to “Super Spikes” in Track Running

  • Luca Russo,
  • Eleonora Montagnani,
  • Daniel Buttari,
  • Luca Paolo Ardigò,
  • Ionel Melenco,
  • Alin Larion,
  • Gian Mario Migliaccio and
  • Johnny Padulo

11 October 2022

Research on high-tech running shoes is increasing but few studies are available about the use of high-tech track spike shoes (super spikes), despite their growing popularity among running athletes. The aim of this case study was to investigate kinema...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,589 Views
20 Pages

A Stable Delivery System for Meretrix meretrix Derived Immunomodulatory Peptide (QLNWD): Fabrication and Characterization of Glycosylated Protein Nanoparticle

  • Wanyi Wu,
  • Zhixuan Wu,
  • Jiamin Cai,
  • Wenhong Cao,
  • Haisheng Lin,
  • Jialong Gao,
  • Xiuping Fan,
  • Huina Zheng and
  • Xiaoming Qin

27 September 2025

In this study, nanoparticles prepared by the heat-induced self-assembly of bovine serum albumin-dextran conjugates (BSA-DX) were utilized as an effective delivery system for the immunoregulatory peptide Gln-Leu-Asn-Trp-Asp (QLNWD) from Meretrix meret...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,441 Views
16 Pages

Study on the Fracture Evolution Characteristics of Existing Defect Lining under Unsymmetrical Load

  • Junwei Li,
  • Fei Xu,
  • Xinyu Zheng,
  • Bo Liu,
  • Tao Bai and
  • Qingjingyi Tang

14 June 2023

In order to explore the fracture evolution characteristics of existing defect lining structures under unsymmetrical loads, unsymmetrical failure model tests of three working conditions, namely, intact lining, vault defect, and arch waist defect, were...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,566 Views
20 Pages

3 August 2023

As a new type of grain barn wall component, the “Structure-Insulation” integrated wall panel (SIW) has excellent characteristics such as a high-bearing capacity and good insulation performance. In order to study its mechanical properties...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,992 Views
19 Pages

Factors Affecting Runoff and Sediment Load Changes in the Wuding River Basin from 1960 to 2020

  • Yin Chen,
  • Pei Zhang,
  • Ying Zhao,
  • Liqin Qu,
  • Pengfei Du and
  • Yangui Wang

5 November 2022

To investigate changes in runoff and sediment load in the Wuding River basin under the combined influence of climate change and human activities, trends were analyzed from 1960 to 2020, and the contribution rate of climate change and human activities...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,598 Views
21 Pages

Numerical Analysis of the Cyclic Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Columns Incorporating Rubber

  • Mohammed A. M. Ahmed,
  • Heba A. Mohamed,
  • Hilal Hassan,
  • Ayman El-Zohairy and
  • Mohamed Emara

21 February 2025

A numerical analysis of rubberized reinforced concrete columns’ performance under cyclic loading is presented in this study. Three different concrete blends (M1, M2, and M3) were chosen based on the volume of fine aggregate replaced by varying...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,979 Views
23 Pages

Two-Stage Robust Optimization for Large Logistics Parks to Participate in Grid Peak Shaving

  • Jiu Zhou,
  • Jieni Zhang,
  • Zhaoming Qiu,
  • Zhiwen Yu,
  • Qiong Cui and
  • Xiangrui Tong

24 July 2024

As new energy integration increases, power grid load curves become steeper. Large logistics parks, with their substantial cooling load, show great peak shaving potential. Leveraging this load while maintaining staff comfort, product quality, and oper...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,449 Views
14 Pages

29 September 2022

With the growing problem of agricultural nonpoint source pollution, it is an urgent issue to explore irrigation and drainage modes suitable for rice-growing areas in southern China. Barrel experiments were conducted to study the variation of NH4+-N,...

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