Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI)-assisted Virtual Reality (VR) heritage serious game design constitutes a complex adaptive socio-technical system in which natural language prompts act as control levers shaping designers’ cognition and...
Large Language Models (LLMs) show growing potential for transforming natural-language engineering information into formal model-based artefacts. However, their reliability for SysML-v2 artefact generation remains insufficiently understood, particular...
Power-system safety is fundamental to protecting lives and ensuring reliable grid operation. Yet, hierarchical text classification (HTC) methods struggle with domain-dense accident narratives that require cross-sentence reasoning, often yielding limi...
Self-admitted technical debts (SATDs) refer to a solution in software development that selects suboptimal solutions to meet the current requirements and are intentionally introduced and documented by developers. SATDs in issue-tracking systems are a...
Prompt specifications for multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems carry data contracts and integration logic across interdependent files but are rarely subjected to structured-inspection rigor. We report a single-system case study of iterative...
Our study investigates how the sequencing of text and image inputs within multi-modal prompts affects the reasoning performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). Through empirical evaluations of three major commercial LLM vendors—OpenAI, Google,...
The safe integration of Large Language Models in clinical environments requires strict adherence to verified medical evidence. As part of the PARROT AI project, this study provides a systematic evaluation of how prompting strategies affect the reliab...
Students’ use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) to avoid engaging in generative processing can undermine the validity of higher education. In contrast, Flipped-Interaction Intelligent Tutoring Systems (FIITSs) may promote active engag...
How can an LLM-based agent recognize the limits of its own self-knowledge and improve that self-knowledge over time? This paper proposes the metacognitive evolutionary system (MES), a functional framework for studying metacognitive evolution at the p...
Large language models have recently gained popularity in various applications due to their ability to generate natural text for complex tasks. Recommendation systems, one of the frequently studied research topics, can be further improved using the ca...
Generative AI tutors have become a common tool for independent learning, yet their capacity to support self-regulated learning (SRL) is poorly understood. This simulation-based textual analysis of prompt design evaluates a frontier large language mod...
Large Language Models (LLMs) remain highly susceptible to jailbreak attacks that bypass safety alignments through sophisticated prompt manipulation. While multi-agent defense systems have emerged as a promising countermeasure, existing frameworks pre...
The integration of Artificial Intelligence into educational environments is reshaping the way digital resources support teaching and learning, which reinforces the need to understand how prompting strategies can enhance engagement, autonomy, and pers...
Risk management and safety are often-mentioned topics that dominate, especially in this period. The Safety Management System (SMS) is based on risk management, the implementation of which is required in air transport as well as in other modes of tran...
Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capability for code understanding and vulnerability detection. However, most existing approaches rely on static prompting and treat the model as a passive predictor, limiting adaptability under un...
Large Language Models with Retrieval-Augmented Generation are considered to be modern, chat-native interfaces to enterprise knowledge. However, deploying such systems safely requires precautions more advanced than input filtering. Numerous LLM-relate...
Urban planners are increasingly using Large Language Models (LLMs) to draft project appraisals, raising the question of whether such systems can act as independent evaluators. Here we test this question on two contested urban regeneration projects in...
Sustainable manufacturing performance is increasingly influenced by the quality of decisions embedded in Quality Management System (QMS) activities, particularly those related to problem analysis and preventive action. In industrial environments such...
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Although brief alcohol intervention can reduce alcohol use for both men and women, health care providers (HCPs) are less likely to discuss alcohol use or deliver brief intervention to women compared to men. This secondary analysis examined whether pr...
Frequent extreme floods and the limitations of traditional manual consultation—information latency, knowledge fragmentation, and experience-dependent reasoning—create an urgent need for intelligent flood control decision support. To addre...
Large language models (LLMs) offer a flexible interface for human–machine interaction, but their direct use in embedded control remains difficult because low-cost microcontrollers cannot host such models locally and unconstrained language gener...
During the last decades, collaborative robots capable of operating out of their cages are widely used in industry to assist humans in mundane and harsh manufacturing tasks. Although such robots are inherently safe by design, they are commonly accompa...
Diagnosing tilapia diseases in complex aquaculture environments is severely hindered by noisy backgrounds and limited high-quality pathological data. To overcome these bottlenecks, this study presents a two-stage diagnostic framework integrating an e...
Manual assignment of Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) codes is time-consuming and inconsistent as digital library collections expand. This study evaluates 17 large language models (LLMs) as UDC classification recommender systems, including Chat...
Conventional file management systems primarily rely on structured metadata such as filenames, file extensions, and creation dates to manage and organize files. However, such metadata alone fails to capture the actual content or semantic meaning of a...
In this paper, we propose a wearable device for residential elbow joint rehabilitation with voice prompts and a tracking feedback app (WDRTFAPP). We have developed the app as well as the Arduino embedded system, which we have integrated together. In...
Conventional signature-based defenses no longer protect the heterogeneous, large-scale infrastructures that the Internet of Things (IoT) now constitutes. Large language models (LLMs) and agentic artificial intelligence (AI)—systems that autonom...
Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) takes Systems Modeling Language (SysML) as the industrial standard modeling language, yet cloud Large Language Model (LLM)-based SysML generation faces limited domain data, model hallucinations, high hardware co...
Large language models have demonstrated impressive capabilities. The recent research conducted in the field of prompt engineering showed that their base performance is just a glimpse of their full abilities. Enhanced with auxiliary tools and provided...
Current agentic AI frameworks such as LangGraph and AutoGen simulate autonomy via sequential prompt chaining but lack true multi-agent coordination architectures. These systems conflate semantic reasoning with orchestration, requiring LLMs at every c...
Comprehensive highway scene understanding and robust traffic risk inference are vital for advancing Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and autonomous driving. Traditional approaches often struggle with scalability and generalization, particular...
Security Operations Centers (SOCs) rely on Level 1 analysts to triage increasing alert volumes amid alert fatigue and tool fragmentation. LLM-based multi-agent systems using the Model Context Protocol (MCP) are being adopted to automate these tasks,...
Prompt gamma imaging is one of the emerging techniques used in proton therapy for in-vivo range verification. Prompt gamma signals are generated during therapy due to the nuclear interaction between beam particles and nuclei of the tissue that is det...
Prompt injection, ranked first in the OWASP Top 10 for Large Language Model (LLM) applications, enables adversaries to override system instructions and exfiltrate sensitive information by crafting inputs that blur the boundary between data and contro...
Image-based generative AI is rapidly entering urban design practice, yet it remains unclear whether its limitations can be addressed through prompt refinement or whether they reflect properties of the generation architecture itself. This study examin...
Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly transformed artificial intelligence applications across industries, yet their integration into production systems has unveiled critical security vulnerabilities, chief among them prompt injection attacks. Thi...
Large Language Models (LLMs) can translate natural-language instructions into code, but when the input is unstructured clinical protocol text, the generated code may omit doses, monitoring intervals, or safety thresholds that the text states. Such om...
This paper reviews the evolution of methodologies and tools for modeling, simulation, and design of digital electronic system-on-chip (SoC) implementations, with a focus on industrial electronics applications. Key technological, economic, and geopoli...
Measuring fast neutron emission around accelerators is important for purposes of environmental monitoring and radiation safety. It is necessary to detect two types of neutrons: thermal and fast. Fast neutron spectroscopy is commonly employed using a...
This research investigates the potential application of generative language models, especially ChatGPT, in aviation safety analysis as a means to enhance the efficiency of safety analyses and accelerate the time it takes to process incident reports....
The photophysical behaviour of phloxine B adsorbed onto microcrystalline cellulose was evaluated by reflectance spectroscopy and laser induced time-resolved luminescence in the picosecond-nanosecond and microsecond-millisecond ranges. Analysis of the...
The synthesis of large language models (LLMs) and recommender systems has been a game-changer in tailored content onslaught with applications ranging from e-commerce, social media, and education to health care. This survey covers the usage of LLMs fo...
Large Language Models (LLMs) are reshaping recommendation systems through enhanced language understanding, reasoning, and integration with structured data. This systematic review analyzes 88 studies published between 2023 and 2025, categorized into t...
The challenge of designing generative AI (GenAI) tutors that are both pedagogically sound and effective for guided inquiry remains significant. This paper introduces and evaluates a replicable design framework-termed a Pedagogy-to-Prompt Engineering...
Many traditional ceramic techniques are inscribed on UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage lists; yet, expert scarcity, long training cycles, and stylistic homogenization impede intergenerational transmission and innovation. Although large lang...
Farmland ecosystems present complex pest–predator co-occurrence patterns, posing significant challenges for image-based multitarget recognition and ecological modeling in sensor-driven computer vision tasks. To address these issues, this study...
Some large language models (LLMs) are open source and are therefore fully open for scientific study. However, many LLMs are proprietary, and their internals are hidden, which hinders the ability of the research community to study their behavior under...
A core feature of a multi-tiered system of supports (MTSS) is configuring instruction to match each student’s needs. For students who demonstrate academic achievement deficits and need supplemental remedial instruction, it must be coordinated a...
Drones are increasingly being used in maritime engineering for ship maintenance, emergency rescue, and safety monitoring tasks. In these tasks, action recognition is important for human–drone interaction and for detecting abnormal situations su...
In the realm of academic English writing, both native (L1) and non-native (L2) speakers face significant challenges due to the complex linguistic structures and conventions required. Existing writing assistance tools, while useful for grammar correct...
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